Gregory VIII (Pope)
Gregory VIII , originally Albertus de Morra (* around 1100 (1105–1110?) In Benevento ; † December 17, 1187 probably in Pisa ), was Pope from October 21, 1187 . He should not be confused with the eponymous antipope (Maurice Bourdin), who served as antipope to the (regularly counted) popes Gelasius II and Calixt II from 1118 to 1121 . He belonged to the Augustinian canons .
On March 14, 1158 Pope Hadrian IV accepted him as cardinal priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina in the college of cardinals . From 1178 to 1187 he was Chancellor of the Roman Church and as such a datar of papal privileges. He is the author of the oldest stylistic instruction for notaries from the context of the papal chancellery, in which the theory of the course was developed as a stylistic device for papal documents. In 1172 he took part as papal legate at the Council of Avranches , which acquitted Henry II of England from the murder of Thomas Becket .
He was the successor of Urban III. elected in Ferrara on October 21, 1187 , ordained Pope on October 25, 1187 and died of fever on December 17 of the same year.
With the papal bull Audita tremendi of October 29, 1187, he called for the Third Crusade .
His successor was Clement III.
literature
- Tommaso di Carpegna Falconieri: Gregorio VIII. In: Massimo Bray (ed.): Enciclopedia dei Papi. Volume 2: Niccolò I, santo, Sisto IV. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2000, pp. 314-316 ( treccani.it ).
- Tommaso di Carpegna Falconieri: Gregorio VIII. In: Mario Caravale (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 59: Graziano – Grossi Gondi. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2002, pp. 164-166.
- Burkhard Roberg: Gregor VIII . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 4, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1989, ISBN 3-7608-8904-2 , Sp. 1671.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz : GREGOR VIII., Pope. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 2, Bautz, Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-032-8 , Sp. 316-317.
- James Loughlin: Pope Gregory VIII . In: Catholic Encyclopedia , Volume 6, Robert Appleton Company, New York 1909.
Web links
- Gregory VIII .. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed November 22, 2011.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Place of death according to BBKL, CE, Miranda, differently DBI names Pisa only as the last travel destination.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Urban III. |
Pope 1187 |
Clement III. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gregory VIII |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Albertus de Morra; Albert of Morra |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Pope |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1100 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Benevento |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 17, 1187 |
| Place of death | unsure: Pisa |