Marcantonio Flaminio

Marcantonio Flaminio , painting by Sebastiano del Piombo

Marcantonio Flaminio (* 1498 in Serravalle ; † February 17, 1550 in Rome ; other spellings: Marc Antonio Flaminio, Marcantonius Flaminius, Marcus Antonius Flaminius) was an Italian humanist , philosopher, poet and writer.

Live and act

Flaminio was a son of the humanist Giovanni Antonio Zarrabini and his noble wife Veturia, whose last name is unknown. The father took the surname Flaminio, and in 1509 he and his family moved from Serravalle to Imola for reasons of war .

In 1514 Flaminio traveled to Rome, where he was taught rhetoric by the Florentine RL Brandolini. The librarian Filippo Beroaldo the Younger introduced him to classical music and encouraged his poetic talent. In 1515 Flaminio went to Naples and Urbino , where he met I. Sannazaro and B. Castiglione. In September 1515 he traveled to G. Soncino in Fano , where the first poems were printed together with M. Marullo under the title Carminum libellus . In the same year he began his studies in Bologna , where he stayed until the summer of 1517. His teachers there were the philosopher Pietro Pomponazzi , Ludovico Boccadiferro, Romolo Amaseo and Achille Bocchi, who represented humanist views. With the Dominican Leandro Alberti and other people, the joint work De viris illustribus Ordinis praedicatorum was created, which was printed by Benedetti in Bologna at the end of 1517. From 1519 to 1521 Flaminio studied further at the University of Padua, where Marcantonio de 'Passeri the Genoese was one of his philosophy teachers who taught him the Greek texts of Aristotle . Here he also met the English theologian Reginald Pole , the Belgian humanist Cristoforo Longolio and the Italian theologian Pietro Bembo , with whom he remained on friendly terms. With Stefano Sauli he went to Genoa in the summer of 1521, where he met Delminio and Sebastiano Delio. In 1522 he accompanied Sauli to Rome . In 1524 he met Margrave Federico Gonzaga in his court in Mantua . From 1528 to 1538 Flaminio lived with Bishop Gian Matteo Giberti in Verona . In 1533 he actually wanted to join the male order of the Theatines , but its founder Gian Pietro Carafa refused to accept him because he feared that Flaminio might bring deviant, heretical thoughts to the order.

In 1535 Flaminio resumed his philosophy studies in Padua, he noticed advances in science and medicine at the university and Reformation influences in the city. He devoted himself to the twelfth book of Aristotle and translated it into Neo-Latin. In 1536 it was published by the publisher Tacuino in Venice under the title Paraphrasis in duodecimum Aristotelis librum de prima philosophia , which also contains references to various chapters. Flaminio mediated between the Aristotelian doctrine and the Christian religion, as the church fathers Basilius , Gregory of Nyssa , Gregory of Nazianzen and Thomas Aquinas and Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Gasparo Contarini had tried. He ended the book with a praise of the divine power that drives the universe.

In November 1538 Flaminio left Verona and went to Naples and Caserta to see Bishop Galeazzo Florimonte and GF Alois. During this time he also dealt with the providence ( predestination ) of God, which was reflected in his letters. The stay in Naples brought him into contact with the spiritualist Juan de Valdés and his circle. The book Beneficio di Cristo , widespread in Italy , was attributed to the monk Benedict of Mantua , but Flaminio revised and edited it. He stated that it is only through the merit of Christ that the sinner receives God's help and is saved by grace, not works. The simple, easy-to-understand work was then printed by Bindoni in Venice in 1543. Through the theologian Peter Martyr Vermigli he got to know the writings of the humanist Erasmus von Rotterdam , the reformers Huldrych Zwingli and Martin Bucer .

In 1541 Flaminio traveled to Rome with Pietro Carnesecchi and others, where they met Bernardino Ochino , with whom they spoke about trust in God and justification by faith. He went on to Florence , where he met Caterina Cibo , who introduced him to Jean Calvin's l ' Institutio Christianae Religionis . In the same year he met the humanist Francesco Robortello in Lucca . He went on to Viterbo , where he socialized with Reginald Pole, to whom biblical meditation and a lively spirituality were important.

In 1542 he had to go to Rome because he was involved in the inquisition trial against Cardinal Giovanni Morone , which was led by Cardinal J. Alvarez of Toledo. Because Flaminio moved in the non-conforming circle around Valdés and in the community of Modena protected by Morone.

In 1544 Flaminio's contact with Reginald Pole, Priuli, Vittoria Colonna and Vittore Soranzo increased. In the autumn of 1544 he stayed with Camesecchi as a guest at Giovanni Della Casa in Venice. In 1545 he was in Trento for the opening of the council with Pole, Priuli, Stella and the abbot Parpaglia, all of whom belonged to the Viterbo circle. In the same and the following year he was able to do a spiegazione breve del Salterio e una parafrasi poetica di trenta Salmi. In librum Aalmorum brevis explanatio (German: A brief explanation of the Psalter and a poetic interpretation of thirty psalms. A brief explanation in the book Aalmorum ) at Aldo and Paraphrasis in triginta Psalmos versibus scripta (German: Explanations for thirty psalms, written down verse by verse ) at Valgrisi. Cardinal Pole left the council after the fifth session in June 1546 and went back to Rome, and Flaminio also followed him with a detour via Verona. In Rome he also maintained relationships with Vittoria Colonna and Cardinal Farnese.

Since December 1549 he suffered from quartan fever , from which he succumbed in February 1550 in the Roman house of Reginald Pole. He was buried in the Holy Trinity Church of the English Nation, and when the building was renovated in 1575, his remains and his funeral inscription were removed.

Works

Paraphrasis in duodecimum Aristotelis librum , 1536

• Actii Synceri Sannazarii Odae ...
• Carmina , Venice 1529, Lyon 1548, Padua 1743 and new by: Massimo Scorsone, San Mauro 1993
• Paraphrasis in duodecimum Aristotelis librum de prima philosophia , Venice 1536, Basel 1537 and Paris 1547
• Antonii Flaminii In librum psalmorum brevis explanatio , Aldo, Venice 1545 and Paris 1546
• Paraphrasis in triginta psalmos , V. Valgrisi, 1546 and 1552
• De rebus divinis carmina , R. Estimme, Paris 1550 and London 1834
• Carminum liber ultimus , Venice 1552
• Paraphrases in omnes Davidis psalmos versibus expressa , 1561
• Epistolae aliquot M. Antonii Flaminii, de veritate doctrinae eruditae , 1571
• Apologia del Beneficio di Cristo e altri scritti inediti , Dario Marcatto, Florence 1996

reception

• In his hometown Vitterio Veneto, a high school is named after Marcantonio Flaminio
• A street in Verona is named after him

literature

• Alessandro Pastore:  Flaminio, Marcantonio. In: Fiorella Bartoccini (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 48:  Filoni-Forghieri. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1997.
• Luther Blissett (collective pseudonym): Q (Roman) , Piper, 2006 and Association A, 2016, ISBN 978-3-86241-618-9
• Lodovica Braida: Libri di lettere: Le raccolte epistolari del Cinquecento tra inquietudini religious e “buon volgare” , Giuseppe Laterza & Figli, Roma 2015, ISBN 978-8-8581-1482-7
• Allusions and Reflections: Greek and Roman Mythology in Renaissance Europe , Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Cambridge 2015, ISBN 978-1-4438-7891-3 , pp. 309-325: Giovanni Ferroni: A Farewell to Arcadia: Marcantonio Flaminio - From Poetry to Faith
• Marie-France Guipponi-Ginestre and Wolfgang Kofler: Neo-Latin poetry in France at the time of the Pléiade - La Poésie neo-latine en France au temps de la Pléiade , Narr Francke Attempto, 2015, ISBN 978-3-8233-7702-3 , Pp. 332-338
• Manfred E. Welti: Brief history of the Italian Reformation (= writings of the Association for Reformation History . Vol. 193). Mohn, Gütersloh 1985, ISBN 3-579-01663-6 , pp. 19-63 ( digitized in the Google book search).

Web links

• Short biography with illustration (Italian)
• [2] Biography in the Italian encyclopedia Treccani
• Entry in Latin Wikisource

Individual evidence

1. ^ [1] Biography in the Italian encyclopedia Treccani
2. ↑ http://www.liceoflaminio.gov.it/