1551

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1551
Takeda Harunobu takes the name Takeda Shingen .	Conrad Gessner publishes the first part of his Historia animalium .
Gozo is invaded by Ottoman pirates and the entire population is led into slavery.
1551 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	999/1000 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1543/44
Buddhist calendar	2094/95 (southern Buddhism); 2093/94 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	70th (71st) cycle Year of the metal pig辛亥 ( at the beginning of the year metal dog 庚戌)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	913/914 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	3884/85 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	929/930
Islamic calendar	957/ 958 /959 (Year 8/9 January. // 28/29. December)
Jewish calendar	5311/12 (August 31 / September 1)
Coptic calendar	1267/68
Malayalam calendar	726/727
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1861/62 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1862/63 (turn of the year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1607/08 (turn of the year April)

Events

1551

Politics and world events

Europe

Jewish patent with the yellow ring

• August 1st : Archduke Ferdinand I issues the Jewish patent for the Habsburg hereditary lands. According to this, all Jewish men, women and children must wear a clearly visible yellow ring on their clothing.
• October 5th : In Friedewald, the Narrow Kaldic princes sign the Treaty of Torgau with France , which aims to free Landgrave Philip of Hesse from imperial custody.
• November 5th : The siege of the city of Magdeburg , which opposed the Augsburg Interim , ends after more than a year with a peace treaty. The old new town was destroyed during the siege.

• At the Reichstag in Augsburg , Emperor Charles V was unable to settle the question of his successor in his own way. Tensions in religious matters lead to the rebellion of the princes in the empire .
• Göhrenz and Mühlehorn are first mentioned in a document.
• The Heerenveen community is founded.

Ottoman Empire and the Mediterranean

• After the conquest of Turgut Reis, Tripoli belongs to the Ottoman Empire .
• Ottoman pirates under Sinan Pascha and Turgut Reis attacked the Maltese island of Gozo from their base in Djerba and led almost the entire population into slavery. The capital Victoria will remain uninhabited for years.

Asia

Statue of King Bayinnaung

• The Burmese King Bayinnaung conquers Prome and thus takes a first step towards re- strengthening the Taungoo Kingdom .

economy

• At the Reichstag in Augsburg , a Reich coin system is issued. In addition, for the first time since 1505 , a common penny is being collected.

science and technology

Natural sciences

Erasmus Reinhold created the Prutenicae Tabulae Coelestium Motuum , astronomical tables for calculating the positions of the sun, moon and planets. The Prutenic tables replace the previously used Alfonsine tables , whose predicted data increasingly deviated from reality. The first part of Conrad Gessner's four-volume Historia animalium , Quadrupedes vivipares , appears. Up to 1558 he describes in the work on 4500 pages all animal and plant species known around the year 1550 .

Universities

• March 1st : The Collegium St. Hieronymi in Dillingen an der Donau , founded in 1549 , is given by Pope Julius III. raised to the University of Dillingen .
• May 12 : The University of San Marcos in Lima is founded as the first university in South America .
• September 21 : Foundation of the first university ( UNAM ) on North American soil in Mexico City

• The 1505 College, founded in Seville is the city council for the University levied.

society

• The Württemberg Duchess Anna Maria von Brandenburg-Ansbach founds the Hof-Apotheke in Stuttgart as a foundation for the poor, sick and needy in the city. In its early days it is located in the rooms of the Old Castle .

religion

• In the Stoglaw Moral Code , questions from the Russian Tsar Ivan IV to the church council of the same name and its answers are laid down.
• The Bible was first given its detailed division into verses in Geneva from the Parisian printer Robert Estienne .
• Johannes Brenz writes the Lutheran Confessio Virtembergica on behalf of Duke Christoph von Württemberg .

Disasters

• The English sweat breaks out for the last time in England . Due to the unclear sources, it could also be a plague epidemic .

Born

Date of birth saved

• March 21 : Maria Anna of Bavaria , Archduchess of Inner Austria-Styria († 1608 )
• March 30 : Salomon Schweigger , German Protestant preacher, traveler to the Orient and translator of the Koran († 1622 )
• April 30 : Jacopo da Empoli , Italian painter († 1640 )

• May 12 : Kanō Sōshū , Japanese painter († 1601 )
• May 17 : Martin Anton Delrio , Spanish Jesuit and witch theorist († 1608 )
• May 17th : Michael Tryller , Electoral Saxon civil servant († 1610 )

• August 28 : Václav Budovec z Budova , Bohemian politician, diplomat and writer († 1621 )
• August 31 : Lothar von Metternich , Elector and Archbishop of Trier († 1623 )

• September 17 : Anna Erika von Waldeck , abbess of the imperial monastery Gandersheim († 1611 )

Henry III, 1570

• September 19 : Heinrich III. , 1574–1589 King of France and 1572/73 King of Poland († 1589 )

• October 8 : Giulio Caccini , Italian composer, singer, singing teacher and instrumentalist († 1618 )
• November 11 : Giovanni I. Cornaro , 96th Doge of Venice († 1629 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Friedrich von Ahlefeldt , heir to Seestermühe, Seegaad, Kasseedorf and Arlewatt, district councilor of Aabenraa and district administrator of Holstein († 1605 )
• Adrien d'Amboise , French chaplain and bishop of Tréguier († 1616 )
• Abu 'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak , Indian chronicler and historiographer († 1602 )
• Charlotte de Beaune-Semblançay, comtesse de Sauve , French noblewoman, mistress of the French King Henry IV († 1617 )
• Zbynko Berka von Duba and Leipa , Bohemian Cardinal and Archbishop of Prague († 1606 )
• Paul Jenisch , German educator and Lutheran theologian († 1612 )
• Agnes von Mansfeld-Eisleben , the beautiful woman from Mansfeld , Countess von Mansfeld and wife of the former Archbishop of Cologne Gebhard I. von Waldburg († 1637 )
• Fausto Veranzio , Venetian diplomat, clergyman, polymath and inventor († 1617 )
• Johannes Winckelmann , German Lutheran theologian († 1626 )

Born around 1551

• Timothy Bright , English developer of a shorthand system († 1615 )

Died

First half of the year

• January 30th : Andrea Cornaro , Italian cardinal, Bishop of Brescia (* 1511 )
• February 4th : Johann IV. , Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (* 1504 )

• March 1 : Martin Bucer , German theologian of the Reformation (* 1491 )
• March 3 : Thomas Wentworth, 1st Baron Wentworth , English politician (* 1501 )
• March 9th : Andreas Kritzmann , gunsmith and well-known folk hero in Magdeburg (* around 1500 ?)
• March 22nd : Ulrich X. , regent of the counties Regenstein and Blankenburg (* 1499 )

• April 6 : Joachim von Watt (Vadian), Swiss humanist and reformer (* 1484 )
• April 22nd : Christoph I , Count of Ortenburg (* 1480 )

• May 8 : Barbara Radziwiłł , Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (* 1520 )
• May 17th : Shin Saimdang , Korean painter, poet and philosopher (* 1504 )
• May 18 : Domenico Beccafumi , Italian painter (* 1486 )
• May 28 : Johannes Aal , Swiss theologian, composer and playwright (* 1500 )
• June 24th : Charles II. De Croÿ , French nobleman (* 1522 )

Second half of the year

• July 14th : Henry Brandon, 2nd Duke of Suffolk , English nobleman (* 1535 )
• July 14th : Charles Brandon, 3rd Duke of Suffolk , English nobleman (* around 1537 )
• July 21 : Bartholomäus Bernhardi , German Lutheran theologian and reformer (* 1487 )
• August 6 : Henry Holbeach , Bishop of Rochester and Lincoln
• August 8 : Tomás de Berlanga , Catholic Bishop of Panama and discoverer of the Galápagos Island (* 1487 )
• August 12th : Sir Charles Brandon , English Member of Parliament (* around 1521 )
• August 12 : Paul Speratus , German theologian, reformer and song writer (* 1484 )
• August 26 : Margareta Eriksdotter Leijonhufvud , Queen of Sweden (* 1516 )
• September 4th : Philip I , Duke of Braunschweig-Grubenhagen (* 1476 )
• December 15 : Rudolf Schenk zu Schweinsberg , Councilor of the Landgrave of Hesse (* around 1490 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Jehan Ango , Norman shipowner and businessman (* 1480 or 1481 )
• Sahib I. Giray , Khan of Kazan and Khan of the Crimea (* 1501 )
• Heinrich Engelhard , Swiss lawyer and reformed clergyman

Web links

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