University of Dillingen

The University of Dillingen existed from 1551 to 1803 in the Swabian city of Dillingen on the Danube . Their primary task consisted in training the next generation of pastors and the Catholic nobility in southern Germany . Initially, it was the only attempt to transfer the Dominican-Thomistic branch of late Spanish scholasticism to Germany. But historical importance they acquired primarily as the first full-blown Jesuit - University on the floor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation . In addition, it was the first sustainable university foundation of a prince in Germany.

history

Golden Hall of the former University of Dillingen

In 1549 the " Collegium St. Hieronymi " was founded as a result of the reforms of the Council of Trient by the Augsburg Bishop and Cardinal Otto Truchseß von Waldburg at the seat of the high estates' government, which had moved from Augsburg to Dillingen and on March 1, 1551 by Pope Julius III. elevated to university . The survey and the associated privileges were again confirmed by Emperor Charles V on June 30, 1553. In these founding years with six chairs, the Dominicans initially ran the university under the leadership of the important council theologian of Trento Pedro de Soto , the confessor of Emperor Charles V. In addition to Pedro de Soto, who came from Spain, the imperial court chaplain and former professor in Paris, the Spaniard Martinus de Olave, also taught. The first rector was Petrus Endavianus from the Spanish Netherlands. In addition to the three Spaniards, three scholars from the University of Leuven also taught . None of the first professors came from the Reich . After de Soto was brought to Oxford by Reginald Pole in March 1555 , Cardinal Otto, probably influenced by his advisor, the Jesuit Petrus Canisius , aimed at handing the university over to the Jesuits. The first chairs went to the Spanish Jesuits Christoph Herrera , Hieronymus Torres , later Alfons Pisa called Pisanus (1567–1570) and Gregor de Valencia (1573–1575) on October 20, 1563 . It was not until August 17, 1564 that the university was formally handed over to the Jesuit order .

The university initially only consisted of an artistic and a theological faculty, which from 1625 was gradually expanded to include a law faculty (from 1743) and a few years later also a medical and surgical department, which no longer became a fully valid one Faculty developed, could be supplemented.

To set up an academic book printer, Otto von Waldburg brought the printer Sebald Mayer to Dillingen around 1550, who founded the first printer there. This university printing house was taken over by his son Johann Mayer († 1615) from 1576 to 1615. From 1654 to November 30, 1668, Johann and Barbara Mayer's son Ignaz Mayer ran the company, which mainly produced theological prints, especially those written by Jesuits.

In the course of the abolition of the Jesuit order in 1773, the University of Dillingen fell back to the episcopal sovereign, the Augsburg Prince-Bishop Clemens Wenzeslaus of Saxony , and was finally replaced in 1803 as a result of the secularization of the new sovereign, Elector Maximilian IV. Joseph, the later Bavarian King Maximilian I. , dissolved.

As a successor institute, Elector Maximilian IV. Joseph created a lyceum with academic rank in 1804 , from which in 1923 the " Philosophical-Theological University Dillingen " emerged. This was dissolved in April 1971 in favor of the newly established Catholic Theological Department at the University of Augsburg , founded in 1970 , to which several professors and students from Dillingen transferred. The "Academy for Teacher Training", which was founded in 1971 and was renamed " Academy for Teacher Training and Personnel Management " in 1996, has resided in the university building .

Although traditional lines inevitably go back from its Catholic-Theological Faculty to the Philosophical-Theological University of Dillingen and the University there, the University of Augsburg sees itself less than ever as its successor, but instead emphasizes its status as a newly founded reform university.

Important professors at the University of Dillingen

Sculpture by Johann Michael Sailer in front of the Academy for Teacher Training and Personnel Management in Dillingen

Ferdinand Alber (1548–1617), Jesuit, studied in Dillingen in 1569, where professor of philosophy
Sebastian Heiß (1571–1614), Jesuit and controversial, professor of theology until 1609
Andreas Brunner (1589–1650), Jesuit, historian (“Bavarian Livy”) and poet, from 1622 professor of moral theology and preacher in Dillingen
Albert Curtz (1600–1671), Jesuit, writer and translator, as well as an important astronomer
Bartholomäus Kleindienst (before 1530–1560), Dominican, theologian and professor of the Holy Scriptures in Dillingen
Paul Laymann (1575–1635), Jesuit, 1625–1632 the first professor of canon law in Dillingen
Wilhelm Damasi Lindanus (1525–1588), bishop, inquisitor and professor of theology in Dillingen from 1554 to 1556
Joseph Mangold (1716–1787), Jesuit, 1763–1770 professor of dogmatics
Kaspar Manz (1606–1677), legal scholar and Chancellor of Pfalz-Neuburg, 1635 professor of the institutions
Johann Christoph Raßler (1654–1723), Jesuit, since 1691 professor of moral theology and dogmatics, from 1714 to 1716 rector
Pedro de Soto (around 1500–1563), Dominican theologian and advisor to Emperor Charles V.
Johann Michael Sailer (1751–1832), Catholic theologian and Bishop of Regensburg, 1784–1794 professor of theology
Franz Schmalzgrueber (1663–1735), canon lawyer, 1698 professor of logic, 1702 of morality and 1705 professor of canon law; 1716 to 1724 and 1730 to 1735 chancellor of the university
Daniel Stadler (1705–1764), Jesuit, historian, confessor and advisor to Elector Maximilian III. Joseph von Bayern , professor for philosophy
Adam Tanner (1572–1632), is considered one of the greatest Jesuit theologians, professor of theology
Heinrich Wangnereck (1595–1664) Jesuit, theologian and philosopher, chancellor of the university
Joseph von Weber (1753–1831), natural scientist and theologian
Patritius Benedikt Zimmer (1752–1820), Catholic theologian

List of rectors at the University of Dillingen

Petrus Endavianus resigned as rector of the college before it was promoted to university.
1. Cornelius Herlenus von Rosenthal, Rector from March 1, 1551 (= the day the college was promoted to university) to August 17, 1564
2. Heinrich Dionysius from August 17, 1564 to March 28, 1565
3. Theodorich Dionysius from March 28, 1565 to? March 1585
4. Richard Haller from May 5, 1585 to? January 1589
5. Julius Priscianensis from? January 1589 to? December 1589
6. Andreas Sylvius from December 9, 1589 to May 9, 1594
7. Matthias Mayrhofer from May 9, 1594 to November 1, 1599
8. Julius Priscianensis from November 1, 1599 to December 16, 1603
9. Christoph Grenzing from December 16, 1603 to August 1, 1618
10. Petrus Gottrau from August 1, 1618 to October 19, 1622
11. Johann Mocquetius from October 19, 1622 to January 6, 1625
12.Johann Siegersreitter from January 6, 1625 to April 30, 1631
13. Wolfgang Gravenegg from April 30, 1631 to May 13, 1635
14. Georg Reeb from May 13, 1635 to April 8, 1640
15. Georg Stengel from April 8, 1640 to April 12, 1643
16. Johann Bernhard from April 12, 1643 to September 30, 1644
17. Heinrich Lampartner from September 30, 1644 to September 29, 1647
18. Adam Griesser from October 6, 1647 to October 6, 1650
19. Sigmund Schnuernberger from October 6, 1650 to October 6, 1653
20. Nikolaus Wysing from October 6, 1653 to October 8, 1656
21. Sigmund Schnuernberger from October 8, 1656 to? April 1662
22. Franz Strobel from September 5, 1662 to April 27, 1668
23. Johann Schirmbeck from December 4, 1668 to August 19, 1671
24. Johann Thanner from October 14, 1671 to April 24, 1674
25. Christoph Meindl from June 17, 1674 to September 8, 1678
26. Jakob Prugger from September 8, 1678 to October 16, 1681
27. Franz Rhem from October 16, 1681 to November 13, 1685
28. Friedrich Ininger from November 13, 1685 to January 15, 1690
29. Eustach Furtenbach from January 27, 1680 to June 6, 1693
30. Franz Baroni from June 16, 1693 to January 13, 1697
31. Georg Spiznagel from January 13, 1697 to June 9, 1700
32. Johann Banholzer from June 9, 1700 to January 10, 1705
33. Johann Frölich from February 1, 1705 to March 24, 1706
34. Franz Bryat from August 29, 1706 to February 27, 1708
35. Andreas Paul from August 2, 1708 to October 8, 1711
36.Simon Zanna from October 8, 1711 to October 15, 1714
37. Johann Christoph Raßler from October 15, 1714 to September 17, 1716
38. Johann Banholzer from September 17, 1716 to October 12, 1719
39. Georg Prugger from October 12, 1719 to December 7, 1722
40. Paul Zettl from December 7, 1722 to December 12, 1725
41. Franz Mossu from December 12, 1725 to November 11, 1727
42. Joseph Mayr from November 11, 1727 to February 28, 1730
43. Jakob Spreng from February 28, 1730 to April 14, 1733
44. Konrad Vogler from April 14, 1733 to April 29, 1736
45. Franz Halden from April 29, 1736 to August 4, 1739
46. Franz Xaver Jacolet from August 4, 1739 to October 18, 1742
47. Adam Dichel from October 18, 1742 to May 12, 1743
48. Georg Hermann from July 16, 1743 to October 25, 1746
49. Jakob Dedelley from October 25, 1746 to October 23, 1749
50. Petrus Froidevaux from November 13, 1749 to October 5, 1752
51.Sebastian Hundred Pounds from October 5, 1752 to March 30, 1756
52. Ignaz Thierbeck from March 30, 1756 to June 10, 1759
53. Johann Bernstich from June 10, 1759 to November 6, 1762
54. Joseph Zwinger from November 9, 1762 to May 17, 1763
55. Johann Bernstich from June 1, 1763 to October 9, 1766
56. Joseph Mangold from October 13, 1766 to November 13, 1769
57.Sigmund Raith from November 19, 1769 to October 29, 1772
58. Joseph Gräbl from October 29, 1772 to? October 1773
59. Christian Anton von Sichlern (Councilor) from? 1773 to? 1799
60. Philipp von Frech (Councilor) from? 1799 to? 1803

literature

Dillingen. In: Ludwig Koch: Jesuit encyclopedia. The Society of Jesus then and now, Paderborn 1934, columns 426–427.
Landsberger as a student at the University of Dillingen in the years 1556-1694 . In: Archive for the history of the Hochstift Augsburg . Ed. Dr. Alfred Schröder, Dillingen a. D., 1914/1915, 70, p. 42 f.
Thomas Specht: The register of the University of Dillingen , Bd. 1 (1551-1645), Dillingen 1909/11; Vol. 2 (1646-1695), Dillingen 1912/13; Vol. 3 (Register 1551–1695), Dillingen 1914/15
Thomas Specht: History of the former University of Dillingen (1549–1804) and the teaching and educational institutions associated with it. Freiburg im Breisgau 1902 Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
Karl M. Mayer, Die Rektoren der Universität Dillingen, in: Yearbook of the historical association Dillingen, Volume 9 (1896), pp. 255–256
Thomas Specht, The privileges of the former University of Dillingen, in: Yearbook of the historical association Dillingen, Volume 8 (1895), pp. 1-10
Thomas Specht, The oldest statutes of the University of Dillingen, in: Yearbook of the historical association Dillingen, Volume 10 (1897), pp. 92–96
Thomas Specht, directory of the rectors of the University of Dillingen, in: Yearbook of the historical association Dillingen, Volume 12 (1899), pp. 93–94
Ewald Horn : The doctorates at the Dillinger University 1555-1760 . Za. for Catholic theology, vol. 21, Innsbruck 1897, pp. 448–475.
Rolf Kießling (Ed.): The University of Dillingen and its successors. Stations and aspects of a university in Swabia , Dillingen an der Donau, 1999.
Franz Dionys Reithofer : Chronological history of the Bavarian cities of Dillingen , Lauingen and Rain ; collects materials on the history of the former University of Dillingen, and notes from strange Lauingen residents from unused handwritten sources . Dillingen 1821 ( e-copy ).

Web links

Commons : Academy for Teacher Training and Personnel Management (Dillingen an der Donau) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: University History - Sources and Full Texts

100 selected authors, Tirolensia Latina, History of Latin Literature in Tyrol, University of Innsbruck, Institute for Languages and Literatures

Individual evidence

↑ Otto Bucher: Ignaz Mayer as a printer in Dillingen / Danube (1654–1668). In: Gutenberg yearbook. 1957, pp. 200-206.
↑ Otto Bucher: Bibliography of the printed works of the Dillinger book printer Ignaz Mayer (1654–1668). In: Börsenblatt for the German book trade - Frankfurt edition. No. 89, November 5, 1968 (= Archive for the History of Books. Volume 62), pp. 2888–2912, here: p. 2888.

48.577629 10.4916Coordinates: 48 ° 34 ′ 39.5 ″ N , 10 ° 29 ′ 29.8 ″ E

[1] Otto Bucher: Ignaz Mayer as a printer in Dillingen / Danube (1654–1668). In: Gutenberg yearbook. 1957, pp. 200-206.

[2] Otto Bucher: Bibliography of the printed works of the Dillinger book printer Ignaz Mayer (1654–1668). In: Börsenblatt for the German book trade - Frankfurt edition. No. 89, November 5, 1968 (= Archive for the History of Books. Volume 62), pp. 2888–2912, here: p. 2888.