Lyceum (university)

In the Kingdom of Bavaria, an institution for philosophical and theological studies with academic rank attached to the grammar school was designated as a lyceum . Its function was similar to the corresponding faculties of a university . First and foremost, future priests received academic training at the lycees , but they were open to other students well into the 19th century.

In contrast to the traditionally equipped universities with at least four faculties (philosophy, theology, law and medicine ), the lycees usually consisted of a philosophy and a theological department. The lycees were not allowed to award any academic degrees ( doctorate , habilitation ) and, with very few self-administration rights, had a school-like study , examination and disciplinary system . At first they did not know about academic freedom .

In the 20th century the lyceums were transformed into " philosophical-theological colleges ". Between 1966 and 1978, all universities were dismantled or incorporated as Catholic theological faculties or departments in newly founded universities and comprehensive colleges.

Locations of the royal Bavarian lyceums

• Amberg - founded in 1723, it was dissolved in 1865
• Aschaffenburg - founded in 1798 as a university, lyceum in 1818, dissolved in 1873
• Augsburg - founded in 1834 as an extension of the grammar school near St. Stephan , from 1923 Philosophical University. In 1969 lectures were stopped
• Bamberg - founded in 1803, from 1923 Philosophical-Theological University, 1972 University of Bamberg
• Dillingen founded in 1551 as - University , 1804 Lyceum, 1923 philosophical-theological college , 1971 Theological Catholic in favor of the newly established Faculty of the University of Augsburg dissolved
• Freising - moved in 1834 from Landshut to Freising, 1923 philosophical-theological college Freising , 1969 Theological Catholic in favor of the newly established Faculty of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich dissolved
• Landshut - founded in 1826, relocated to Freising in 1834
• Munich - reduced in 1807 by the closure of the theological faculty.
• Passau - founded in 1803, 1923 Philosophical-Theological University, 1978 University of Passau
• Regensburg - founded in 1773 as an episcopal lyceum, became electoral lyceum in 1803 , Regensburg University of Philosophy and Theology in 1923, Regensburg University in 1968
• Salzburg - founded as a university in 1622, royal Bavarian lyceum in 1810 (Austrian since 1816), dissolved in 1850
• Speyer - founded in 1839 as an extension of the existing college (grammar school and Latin school), only philosophical course. Repealed in 1880

Web links

• The state philosophical-theological universities in Bavaria from 1923 to 1978; Dissertation; Ingo Schröder; Munich 2004 (PDF; 1.3 MB)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Royal Bavarian Official and Intelligence Gazette for the Palatinate , No. 46 of September 12, 1839.
2. ↑ Manfred Baldus : The philosophical-theological universities in the Federal Republic of Germany , Berlin 1965, p. 40.