Johannes Winckelmann (theologian)

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Johannes Winckelmann, engraving by Melchior Haffner

Johannes Winckelmann (also: Wynckelmann ; * 1551 in Homberg (Ohm) ; † August 13, 1626 in Gießen ) was a German Lutheran theologian.

Life

Epitaph for Winckelmann in the Giessen cemetery chapel

The son of councilor Johann Winkelmann and his wife Maria Witzel enjoyed his first training at the school in his hometown. In 1567 he came to the education department in Marburg and in 1568 began studying theology at the University of Marburg . Here he completed the bachelor's degree in 1570 and the academic degree of master's degree in philosophy in 1571 . Since his parents could no longer finance further studies, he accepted the post of rector at the Latin school in his hometown in 1573. Since he had done an excellent job in that position, he was given the majority of scholarship holders at the Marburg University in 1576 , and he came into close contact with Aegidius Hunnius the Elder .

Later he continued his studies at the request of Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hessen-Kassel . Via Heidelberg , Tübingen and Strasbourg he came to the University of Basel , where he received his doctorate in theology in July 1581 . Returning home, he became court preacher in Kassel in 1582 to Landgrave Wilhelm IV, where he stood out as a representative of Lutheran orthodoxy . After Hunnius went to Wittenberg in 1592, Winckelmann was given the full professorship of theology at the University of Marburg in July 1592 . Winckelmann also took part in the organizational tasks of the Marburg University and was twice (1595/96 and 1600) rector of the Alma Mater.

Although he only completed the professorship under drastic regulations, there was a break with Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel in 1605 , who wanted to introduce the reformed doctrine of Calvinism in his territory. Winckelmann went to Giessen and, on behalf of Landgrave Ludwig V of Hessen-Darmstadt, took part in the founding of the local education department , from which the University of Giessen was to arise in 1607 . There he took over the first professorship in theology and, together with Balthasar Mentzer, helped the elder of the theological faculty to gain a great reputation. In 1612 he became superintendent of Upper Hesse in the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt . In Giessen he also took part in the organizational tasks of the university and was rector of the alma mater four times.

When Ludwig V of Hessen-Darmstadt was awarded the Marburg landscape in the Marburg inheritance dispute by Emperor Ferdinand II , the University of Giessen was relocated to Marburg in 1625. Winckelmann received permission to continue to exercise his spiritual office in Giessen. Occasionally, however, he visited Marburg again, where he continued to take part in academic teaching. Increasing old age alone soon made the latter impossible for him. Winckelmann's importance lies less in his purely scientific and literary effectiveness than in his practical teaching activities and the part he played in the constitutional struggles of the Hessian church in the early 17th century. His body was buried on August 16, 1626 in the Giessen churchyard.

family

Winckelmann was married four times. His first marriage was on April 20, 1583 in Kassel with Magaretha († July 25, 1596), the daughter of the chef Eckard Ungefug. There are four sons and five daughters from this marriage. Of the children, only one daughter survived her father. His second marriage was on October 12, 1601 with Martha († March 5, 1602), the daughter of the administrator of the Heyden monastery, David Müldner (1547-1610). The marriage remained childless. His third marriage was in 1611 with Elisabeth († November 14, 1611), the daughter of the rent master in Wetter. This marriage also remained childless. He concluded his fourth marriage on November 15, 1613 with Barbara, the daughter of the alderman in Alsfeld Justus Stumpf. From this marriage there were four sons and three daughters. Two sons and a daughter survived the father. It is known about the children:

  • Christine Winckelmann († 1606) married. 1605 with the lawyer and Nassau council in Ottweiler Wilhelm Morsel
  • Elisabeth Winckelmann I. Marriage on October 24, 1608 with the lawyer and Oldenburg councilor Johann Boerius, 2nd marriage in 1613 with the lawyer, professor of ethics in Giessen and counselor in Schmalkalden Philipp Krebs (* Grunau (Wetterau); † April 5, 1650 in Giessen)
  • Katherine Winckelmann married with the lawyer and privy councilor Georg Daniel Ebel
  • Georg Winkelmann became a bailiff in Hüttenberg
  • Johann Justus Winckelmann (born August 29, 1620 in Gießen; † July 3, 1699 in Bremen)

literature

  • Fritz Roth : Complete evaluations of funeral sermons for genealogical and cultural-historical purposes. Self-published, Boppard / Rhein, 1980, vol. 10, p. 115, R 9163
  • Julius Pistor:  Winckelmann, Johannes . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 43, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, p. 362 f.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Strieder : Basis for a Hessian scholar and writer story. Bayerhoffer's writings, Marburg, 1819, vol. 17, p. 112 ff. ( Online )
  • Hermann Haupt, Georg Lehnert: Chronicle of the University of Giessen, 1607–1907. Verlag Alfred Tölpelmann, Gießen, 1907, p. 102

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Winckelmann, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Johannes Wynckelmann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Lutheran theologian
DATE OF BIRTH 1551
PLACE OF BIRTH Homberg (Ohm)
DATE OF DEATH August 13, 1626
Place of death to water