1634
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Calendar overview 1634
Map with all linked sites: | 1634 | |
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 in Eger with some of his followers with the imperial approval . |
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| 1634 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1082/83 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1626/27 (September 10-11) |
| Bengali solar calendar | 1039/40 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2177/78 (southern Buddhism); 2176/77 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 72nd (73rd) cycle
Year of the Wood Dog甲戌 ( at the beginning of the year water tap 癸酉) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 996/997 (turn of the year April) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 3967/68 (October 2/3) |
| Iranian calendar | 1012/13 (around March 21) |
| Islamic calendar | 1043/44 (June 26-27) |
| Jewish calendar | 5394/95 (September 22-23) |
| Coptic calendar | 1350/51 (September 10-11) |
| Malayalam calendar | 809/810 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1944/45 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1945/46 (turn of the year October) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1690/91 (April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Thirty Years' War
- January 13th : In the address of allegiance known as Pilsen Revers , which is largely promoted by Generals Christian von Ilow and Adam Erdmann Trčka von Lípa , his officer corps assures Wallenstein of loyalty. Emperor Ferdinand II rates the confession as high treason by his generalissimo and subsequently orders his arrest.
- January 24 : Emperor Ferdinand II dismisses the Duke of Friedland , Wallenstein , as commander of the imperial troops in the Thirty Years War . He is suspected of planning a coup.
- 25 February : Wallenstein's followers Count Trčka , Christian von Ilow , Count Kinsky and Rittmeister Neumann are murdered at a banquet in Eger Castle . Subsequently, the deposed Generalissimo Albrecht von Wallenstein was also killed in the house of City Commandant John Gordon by a group of officers from Walter Butler's regiment with the approval of the Kaiser.
- May 2 : Before leaving, the Imperial Colonel von der Goltz had the city of Bautzen , which was captured in November of the previous year, burned down. 700 residents are killed.
- May 13 : Electoral Saxon troops under Hans Georg von Arnim-Boitzenburg defeat the imperial army under Hieronymus von Colloredo in the battle of Liegnitz .
- July 26th : During the Thirty Years' War, imperial troops recaptured Regensburg , which was captured on November 14th, 1633 by the army of Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar .
- August 18 to September 7 : The siege of Nördlingen ends with the capture of the city occupied by Swedish garrisons by the Catholic League.
- September 6th : Battle of Nördlingen : The Swedes and their Saxon allies suffer a heavy defeat against the Habsburg troops near Nördlingen . As a result, the Swedes evacuate southern Germany.
- November 1st : The Treaty of Paris finally embroils France in the Thirty Years War . The French King Louis XIII undertook to do so . to provide the Protestant side and Sweden with 12,000 warriors for the religiously motivated power struggle in Germany and to pay a subsidy of 500,000 livres for the costs of the war.
Other events in Europe
- June 14 : Russia and Poland-Lithuania make an Eternal Peace and end the Russo-Polish War . By and large, the status quo ante bellum is being restored.
- September 19 : The Ottoman-Polish War ends. The contract of Chocim from 1621 is renewed, extended and confirmed by both sides.
- November 19 : The regimental constitution of 1634 is published as a basic law for the Duchy of Pomerania in order to guarantee order in the country after the Pomeranian ducal dynasty has died out through an interim government .
- Stockholm is officially declared the capital of Sweden .
America
- March 25th : The first Catholic settlers arrive in the colony of Maryland . They found St. Marys City , the fourth permanent English settlement in North America.
economy
- The Paulaner brewery is founded in Munich.
- In the tulip mania , the prices for tulip bulbs increase 50 times between 1634 and 1637 and finally collapse again.
- Era of the Nanban trade : With the ban on overseas travel by the Tokugawa Shogunate , the time of the red seal trade ends in Japan .
Culture and society
- June 22nd : The Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn marries Saskia van Uylenburgh and paints the picture Saskia as Flora in the same year .
- Rembrandt van Rijn paints Diana's Bath with Actaeon and Callisto .
- The Passion Play is performed for the first time in Oberammergau .
religion
- August 18 : In Loudun , Urbain Grandier , a Catholic priest convicted of witchcraft , is burned at the stake . Grandier was accused of a pact with the devil , which he denies despite torture .
Disasters
- October 11th : Large storm surge on the North Sea ( Burchardi flood , also called Second Grote Mandränke ). The largest island in the Wadden Sea, Strand , is falling apart. The flood kills around 10,000 people and an estimated 50,000 head of cattle are lost. The natural disaster creates today's coastline.
Historical maps and views
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Born
First half of the year
- January 7th : Adam Krieger , German composer and church musician († 1666 )
- January 7th : Sophie Eleonore von Hessen-Darmstadt , Countess of Hessen-Homburg († 1663 )
- January 24 : Paolo Amato , Italian architect († 1714 )
- January 29 : Adrian Beier the Younger , German lawyer († 1712 )
- February 2 : Alfonso IV. D'Este , son of Duke Francesco I d'Este († 1662 )
- February: Benjamin Raule , Dutch shipowner and General Naval Director of Brandenburg († 1707 )
- March 18 : Marie-Madeleine de La Fayette , French writer († 1693 )
- March 20 : Balthasar Bekker , German-Dutch theologian and philosopher († 1698 )
- March 24 : Kurt Christoph Graf von Königsmarck , Swedish military leader († 1673 )
- April 9 : Albertine Agnes of Orange-Nassau , Princess of Nassau-Diez († 1696 )
- April 22nd : Wolf von Lindenau , manor owner and governor († 1710 )
- June 6 : Marie Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , Countess of Hesse-Darmstadt († 1665 )
- June 20 : Charles Emanuel II , Duke of Savoy († 1675 )
Second half of the year
- July 12 : Johann Georg I , Duke of Saxony-Eisenach († 1686 )
- July 18 : Johannes Camphuys , Governor General of the Dutch East Indies († 1695 )
- August 12 : Adam Colonia , Dutch painter († 1685 )
- August 31 : Paul Ammann , German physician and botanist († 1691 )
- September 16 : Anselm Franz von Ingelheim , Archbishop and Elector of Mainz († 1695 )
- October 4 : Burchard Graf von Ahlefeldt , German district administrator († 1695 )
- October 6 : Viktor I. Amadeus , Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg († 1718 )
- October 17 : Simon Rettenpacher , neo-Latin writer († 1706 )
- October 18 : Luca Giordano , Neapolitan painter and fresco artist († 1705 )
- November 28 : Marie Luise von Degenfeld , Raugräfin zu Pfalz († 1677 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Clamor Heinrich Abel , German composer, violinist and organist († 1696 )
- Franz Ulrich Graf Kinsky von Wichinitz, Czech diplomat and statesman, highest Bohemian chancellor, († 1699 )
Died
First half of the year
- February 10 : Caspar Pezel , German lawyer, archivist and librarian (* 1573 )
- February 25 : Wilhelm Graf Kinsky von Wichinitz, Czech Chancellor (* 1574 )
- 25 February : Adam Erdmann Trčka von Lípa , imperial general in the Thirty Years War (* around 1599 )
- February 25 : Albrecht von Wallenstein , duke, general and politician (* 1583 )
- May 15 : Hendrick Avercamp , Dutch painter (* 1585 )
- May 18 : Benedikt von Ahlefeldt , heir to Haseldorf, Osterrade, Kluvensiek and monastery provost of Uetersen (* 1593 )
- May 19 : Ortolph Fomann the Elder , German philosopher and legal scholar (* 1560 )
- June 20 : Nicolas Ager , French botanist (* 1568 )
Second half of the year
- July 22nd : Johann Graf von Aldringen , General of the Catholic League , (* 1588 )
- July 31 : Hermann Vultejus , German lawyer (* 1555 )
- August 11th : Friedrich Ulrich , Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg, Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (* 1591 )
- August 18 : Urbain Grandier , French Catholic priest, was convicted as a witcher and burned at the stake (* 1590 )
- September 3 : Johann Friedrich von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , Archbishop of Bremen, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck and Bishop of Verden (* 1579 )
- September 12 : Johann Philipp Abelin , German chronicler and translator (* 1600 )
- October 21 : Otto von Preen , German lawyer and court official (* 1579 )
- October 31 : Erasmus Widmann , German organist and composer (* 1572 )
- December 13 : Johann Suevus , German legal scholar (* 1564 )
- December 25 : Walter Butler , Colonel in Wallenstein's Army (* around 1600 )
- December 26th : Lettice Knollys , lady-in-waiting to Queen Elizabeth I of England (* 1543 )
- December 26th : Wilhelm Schmuck , German jurist (* 1575 )
- December 29th : Johann Albert Wasa , Prince of Poland-Lithuania, Prince-Bishop of Warmia and Cracow (* 1612 )
- December: William Paddy , royal physician in England (* 1554 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Hernando Arias de Saavedra , Spanish politician and officer (* 1561 )
- Maria Holl , German innkeeper, survivor of one of the last witch trials in Germany (* 1549 )
- Georg Petel , German sculptor and carver (* 1601 or 1602 )
Web links
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