Maria Holl (witch trial)

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Maria-Holl-Brunnen at the Noerdlinger Weinmarkt

Maria Holl (* approx. 1549 in Altenstadt near Geislingen an der Steige ; † 1634 ) was an innkeeper and a victim of the witch hunt in Nördlingen . She was imprisoned as an alleged witch in 1593 . When she still hadn't made a confession after being tortured for 62 years, she was released after almost a year.

Life

Maria Holl was the daughter of the bailiff Jerg Löhlin from Altenstadt. She married Michael Holl on May 20, 1586 in Ulm Minster . With him she moved to Nördlingen, where she became a citizen of the city on May 30, 1587. There the couple opened the inn "Die goldene Krone" on the wine market.

In Nördlingen, out of envy, Maria Holl was charged with alleged witchcraft because of her well-run economy . Which also accused of witchcraft Maria Marb accused several women of witchcraft, including under torture Barbara Lierheimer and Maria Holl. She was the first of the women accused to survive the torture. In total, she was tortured 62 times. She always confessed to God. No cruelty made her admit that she was in league with the devil . Many citizens stood up for them. On October 11, 1594, she was acquitted of charges of witchcraft.

Her case was one of the last witch trials in Nördlingen . Maria Holl survived all of her tormentors and was married three times. On September 22, 1634 she was buried after the devastating battle near Nördlingen .

Honors

On the wall of the former inn "Zur Krone", Weinmarkt 8, there is an information board with the following reference to Maria Holl: 

Die Kronenwirtin Maria Holl (um 1549-1634) wurde am 2. Nov. 1593 als vermeintliche Hexe inhaftiert, am 11. Okt. 1594 nach 62 Folterungen aus der Haft entlassen. Ihre Standhaftigkeit bewirkte ein Abklingen des Hexenwahns in Nördlingen.

The fountain

The fountain, mostly made of wood, was inaugurated for the 1966 Stabenfest , donated by Emil Eigner. The material used and the shape should be reminiscent of a pyre. In 2010 the fountain was restored by the Wilburgstetten sculptor Rudolf Siegmayer, which was made possible by a donation from the Alt Nördlingen Association. Inscription: 

Der standhaften Maria Holl zum Gedenken

literature

Non-fiction

  • Wolfgang Behringer : witch hunt in Bavaria . Folk magic, zeal for faith and reasons of state in the early modern period. 3rd improved edition. Oldenbourg, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-486-53903-5 (with a detailed overview of sources and literature).
  • Gloria Eschbaumer: Modest ordeal . The honorable council of the city of Nördlingen in the witch trial 1593/94 against the crown landlady Maria Holl. Greno, Nördlingen 1983.
  • Gloria Rüdel-Eschbaumer: The witch trial Maria Holl . With original protocols from the Nördlingen city archive from 1593/94. Steinmeier, Nördlingen 1998, ISBN 3-927496-53-7 .
  • Sonja Kinzler: From the trial file to the home hero . How the "witch" Maria Holl came to be famous. In: Rieser Kulturtage (2004) . Documentation (=  a landscape introduces itself ). tape 15 . Verlag Riesener Kulturtage, Nördlingen 2005, ISBN 3-923373-59-7 , p. 205-211 .
  • Sonja Kinzler: Between belief in progress and fatalism . The reception of the Nördlinger witch trials in the 19th and 20th centuries. Steinmeier, Nördlingen 2005, ISBN 3-936363-27-7 .
  • Dietmar-H. Voges: Nördlinger witch trials . Aspects of their historical evaluation. In: Dietmar-H. Voges (Ed.): Nördlingen since the Reformation . From the life of a city. Beck, Munich 1997, ISBN 978-3-406-43360-3 , pp. 46-88 and 408-415 .

Fiction

Web links

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gerhard Beck: Death Register St. Georg Nördlingen, 1634, fol. 363 .
  2. ↑ Traudl Kleefeld: Against forgetting. Witch persecution in Franconia - places of remembrance. J. H. Röll, Dettelbach 2016. p. 51.
personal data
SURNAME Holl, Maria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German innkeeper, persecuted as a witch and acquitted
DATE OF BIRTH 1549
PLACE OF BIRTH Altenstadt near Geislingen an der Steige
DATE OF DEATH 1634
Place of death Nordlingen