1696

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1696
After the death of his brother Ivan V, Peter I becomes the sole ruler of Russia .
The Russian Duma decides to build a navy .	A church is being built on Spiekeroog .
1696 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1144/45 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1688/89 (turn of the year 10/11 September)
Bengali solar calendar	1101/02 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar	2239/40 (southern Buddhism); 2238/39 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	73rd (74th) cycle Year of the Fire Rat丙子 ( at the beginning of the year wood pig 乙亥)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	1058/59 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	4029/30 (2-3 October)
Iranian calendar	1074/75
Islamic calendar	1107/08 (turn of the year 30/31 July)
Jewish calendar	5456/57 (September 26-27)
Coptic calendar	1412/13 (September 10-11)
Malayalam calendar	871/872
Seleucid era	Babylon: 2006/07 (turn of the year April) Syria: 2007/08 (New Year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1752/53 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Russia / Great Turkish War

• April: Tsar Peter I of Russia begins the Second Azov Campaign in the Russo-Turkish War . The Russian army is advancing against Azov along the Voronezh and Don rivers .
• July 28: The Russians under General Alexej Schein recapture the Azov fortress in the fight against the Ottoman Empire .
• August 26th: In the Great Turkish War , imperial troops under the command of Elector Friedrich August of Saxony and an Ottoman army brought up to the relief of Timisoara under Sultan Mustafa II in the Battle of the Bega are undecided after heavy fighting.
• October 20: At the request of Tsar Peter I, the Russian Duma decides to build a navy . As early as May, 23 galleys and four fire engines will be put into service.
• December 6: Tsar Peter announces his plans for a Grand Embassy of the Boyar Duma . The boyars react with dismay to the Tsar's plans.

War of the Palatinate Succession

• August 29: In the Palatinate War of Succession , a separate peace is concluded between Savoy and France after Savoy has left the Augsburg Alliance . France returns the conquered city of Pinerolo . The marriage of the daughter of Viktor Amadeus I , Maria Adelaide of Savoy , with the Dauphin of France, Louis de Bourbon is intended to consolidate the Treaty of Turin .
• October 7th: France and the Duchy of Savoy on the one hand, and Spain and the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy on the other, conclude the Treaty of Vigevano towards the end of the Palatinate War of Succession , with which Italy is neutralized. William III. of Orange describes the treaty as the "betrayal of Vigevano". Eugene of Savoy withdraws his troops from northern Italy, which are thus free for the Great Turkish War .

Other events in Europe

• June 17th: The Polish King Jan III. Sobieski dies. Eighteen candidates are applying for his successor, including Jan's son Jakob Louis Heinrich Sobieski , who is supported by Austria, François Louis de Bourbon, prince de Conti , who is supported by France , and the Saxon Elector Friedrich August I, the Strong .

Asia

• June 13th: The Chinese emperor Kangxi defeats the jungles under Khungtaiji Galdan near Dsuunmod .

economy

• May 2: With the systematic confiscation of the trimmed coins from the days of the tipper and wipper , the English parliament triggers the English money crisis .

Culture

• February 25th: The tragedy Mahumet II by Reinhard Keizer has its world premiere at the Theater am Gänsemarkt in Hamburg. Presumably the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II was taken by Keizer as a model.
• July 11: Elector Friedrich III. von Brandenburg creates the electoral academy of Mahler, Sculptor and Architectural Art , today's Academy of the Arts in Berlin.
• December 27th: The world premiere of the opera Il trionfo di Camilla regina de Volsci by Giovanni Bononcini takes place at the Teatro San Bartolomeo in Naples.
• The university library in Halle (Saale) , today's University and State Library of Saxony-Anhalt , is founded.

society

First page of the Dobbertiner registered book

• The Dobbertiner registered book is opened.

religion

• A church is being built on the North Sea island of Spiekeroog . Today the 'Old Island Church' is the oldest preserved church of all East Frisian Islands and the landmark of Spiekeroog.
• The pilgrimage church of Maria Lanzendorf , destroyed during the siege of Vienna by the Turks in 1683 , is being rebuilt.

Born

First half of the year

• 0January 6th: Friedrich Karl von Hardenberg , German diplomat and garden architect († 1763)
• 0January 6th: Johann Georg Oldekop , German Protestant clergyman († 1758)
• January 25: Jakob Friedrich Duttenhofer , Mayor of Nürtingen, member of the state parliament († 1769)
• 0February 4: Marco Foscarini , 117th Doge of Venice († 1763)
• 0March 5: Giovanni Battista Tiepolo , Italian painter of the late Baroque and Rococo († 1770)
• 0March 6: Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer , important plasterer and sculptor of the Rococo († 1770)
• March 10: Ernst Christoph Arnoldi , German legal scholar († 1744)
• March 13: Louis François Armand de Vignerot du Plessis , Marshal of France († 1788)
• March 13: Johann Tilemann , German university professor († 1773)
• March 17: Ludwig Batthyány , Hungarian court chancellor and palatine († 1765)
• March 17th: Johann Christian Dotzauer , German organ builder († 1773)
• March 27: Antoine Court , French preacher and witness in faith († 1760)
• 0April 2 (baptized): Francesca Cuzzoni , Italian opera singer and Handel interpreter († 1778)
• April 21: Francesco de Mura , Italian painter († 1782)
• April 22nd: Antoinette Amalie , Duchess of Braunschweig and Lüneburg and Princess of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel († 1762)
• 0May 6: Johann Andreas von Franken-Siersdorf , Vicar General in Cologne († 1754)
• 0May 7: Eleonore Wilhelmine von Anhalt-Köthen , Princess of Saxe-Merseburg and Duchess of Saxe-Weimar († 1726)
• 0May 9: Peter Heel , German sculptor († 1767)
• May 16: Franziska Christine von Pfalz-Sulzbach , abbess of the Essen monastery († 1776)
• May 31: Mattia Bortoloni , Italian painter († 1750)
• 0June 5: Franciscus Volckland , German organ builder († 1779)

Second half of the year

• 0August 2: Mahmud I , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire († 1754)
• August 16: Marc-Pierre d'Argenson , French nobleman and minister († 1764)
• August 26th: Johann Zacharias Richter , Leipzig councilor and merchant († 1764)
• August 31: Johann Paul Kunzen , German organist and composer († 1757)
• September 27: Alfonso Maria de Liguori , Italian lawyer, bishop and founder of the order, who was canonized and made a Doctor of the Church († 1787)
• October 17th: August III. , King of Poland and Elector of Saxony († 1763)
• October 18: Gian Pietro Riva , Swiss headmaster and translator († 1785)
• October 28: Paolo Fontana , Italian architect († 1765)
• October 28: Count Moritz von Sachsen ("Marshal of Saxony"), French general († 1750)
• November 15: Albrecht Friedrich von Erlach , mayor of Bern († 1788)
• November 25: Georg von Pfronten-Kreuzegg , Bavarian Capuchin in Kreuzegg (Pfronten parish) († 1762)
• 0December 2: August Wilhelm Reinhart , German Protestant theologian († 1770)
• December 21: Johann Thomas von Quentel , priest and canon in Cologne († 1777)

Exact date of birth unknown

• Chaim b. Mose Attar , Jewish scholar and Kabbalist († 1743)
• David Gregory , English historian († 1767)
• Anna Maria dal violin , Italian violinist and violin teacher († 1782)

Died

Date of death secured

• 0February 1: Johann Peter von Burmann , politician and auxiliary bishop in Cologne (* 1642)
• 0February 8: Ivan V , Tsar of Russia (* 1666)
• February 16: Friedrich von Dönhoff , lieutenant general in Brandenburg-Prussia (* 1639)
• February 20: Ambrosius Ferrethi , imperial court stonemason master (* 1628)
• February 24th: Anna Margaretha Schmidt , victim of the witch hunt in Olpe (* 1684)

• March 25: Heinrich Casimir von Nassau-Dietz , imperial prince and governor of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe (* 1657)
• April 17th: Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, Marquise de Sévigné , French nobleman and letter author (* 1626)

• May 10: Jean de La Bruyère , French writer (* 1645)
• May 16: Maria Anna of Austria , queen, later regent of Spain (* 1634)
• May 24th: Albertine Agnes von Oranien-Nassau , Princess of Nassau-Diez (* 1634)
• May 31: Peter Müller , German legal scholar (* 1640)

Jan Sobieski's sarcophagus

• June 17th: Jan III. Sobieski , King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, is considered to be the savior of Vienna during the Second Turkish Siege (* 1629)

• July 25: Clamor Heinrich Abel , German composer, violinist and organist (* 1634)
• July 28: Charles Colbert , French diplomat and foreign minister (* 1629)

• 0August 2nd: Robert Campbell of Glenlyon , Scottish nobleman and military man (* 1630)
• August 28: Hans Adam von Schöning , field marshal from Brandenburg and Electoral Saxony (* 1641)

• 0September 7th: Paul Philipp Röber , German Lutheran theologian (* 1632)
• 0September 9: Eleonore von Sachsen-Eisenach , Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Electress of Saxony (* 1662)
• September 16: Andreas Herold , German piece and bell caster (* 1623)
• September 16: Lambert Pietkin , composer and organist at the Hochstift Liège (* 1613)
• September 25: Joachim Kunkler , Mayor of St. Gallen (* 1612)

• October 27: Johann Gabriel Löbel , glassworks owner and hammer master (* 1635)
• 0November 1st: Bernhard Rosa , abbot of the Cistercian monastery Grüssau and important reformer of his order (* 1624)

• 0December 4: Meishō , 109th Empress of Japan (* 1624)
• December 10th: Johann Christoph Arnschwanger , German hymn poet (* 1625)
• December 13: Georg Matthäus Vischer , topographer and clergyman (* 1628)
• December 27th: Johann Anton Kirchberger , mayor of Bern (* 1623)
• December 27: Jacob Lüdecke , German lawyer and bailiff (* 1625)
• December 31: Samuel Annesley , English pastor (* 1620)

Exact date of death unknown

• Wacław Potocki , Polish writer (* 1621)

Web links

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