Hans Adam von Schöning

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Field Marshal General Hans Adam von Schöning
Engraving by August Christian Fleischmann (after 1691)

Hans Adam von Schöning (born October 1, 1641 on Tamsel near Küstrin , † August 28, 1696 in Dresden ) was a Brandenburg and Electoral Saxon field marshal .

Life

He came from the Pomeranian noble family von Schöning and was the son of Hans Adam von Schöning († 1665) and his wife Marianne von Schapelow († 1664).

After his studies in Wittenberg and Strasbourg from 1657 to 1660, joined Schoening, after he had spent traveling in Western and Southern Europe five years in 1665 as Counselor and then as an officer in the service of the Great Elector of Brandenburg. He distinguished himself in the war against Sweden 1675-79, especially in the conquest of Stettin , Rügen and Stralsund as well as in the hunt over the Curonian Lagoon , from where he chased the Swedes after the battle near Telschi to Riga , so that he did 1677 Major General, 1684 Lieutenant General, Governor of Berlin and Colonel of the Life Guard . In 1685 he was appointed to the Real Secret Council of State and War. His early retreat while hunting across the Curonian Lagoon on February 12, 1679 sparked controversy in the Prussian officer corps, but had no consequences due to his other achievements. Until the 18th century, however, the derision of the Schönsen maneuver persisted in the Prussian officer corps.

He commanded the 8,000 auxiliary troops that the elector sent to aid the emperor against the Turks , and in 1686 helped storm Ofen (now Budapest ). He brought with him two captured Ottoman women from the campaigns against the Turks, which he gave as gifts to Prussian nobles.

From 1688–89, at the beginning of the War of the Palatinate Succession , he led the Brandenburg troops against the French on the Lower Rhine as Lieutenant Field Marshal . On March 12, 1689, he was victorious in the battle of Uerdingen . In the camp before Bonn in September 1689 as a result of a dispute with General von Barfus relieved of his command, he was released from military service Brandenburg 1690th Thereupon he entered the Electoral Saxon service and was in 1691 by Elector Johann Georg III. appointed Field Marshal General and Real Secret War Council. In 1692 he was arrested during a spa stay in Teplitz on the orders of the emperor and brought to the Spielberg because he was accused of treasonous negotiations with the French and was only released again in 1694. As a result of the imprisonment for a fortress, his health was so weakened that he was only able to function as head of the aristocratic cadet corps in Dresden for a short time , where he died at the age of 55.

Double epitaph for Hans Adam von Schöning and his wife in the church in Tamsel

He found his final resting place in the village church of Tamsel , where a double epitaph with his wife, the work of the Saxon sculptor George Heermann , was erected in his honor . Just like the magnificent tomb for his third son and heir, Johann Ludwig, it has withstood the ages and is one of the sights of the place today.

In the “Turkish War Quarter” in Berlin-Wedding , Schöningstrasse was named after him.

Theodor Fontane - Walks through the Mark Brandenburg

“Soon after his return his father died (1665) and Hans Adam became the owner of Tamsel at barely twenty-four years old. At about the same time he entered the electoral service, married a Fraulein von Pöllnitz in 1670, advanced quickly, became captain, colonel, governor of Spandau and was major general at barely thirty-six. "

- Theodor Fontane : Hikes through the Mark Brandenburg - The Oderland: "Tamsel"

Marriage and offspring

Hans Adam von Schöning had been married to Johanna Margarethe Luise von Pöllnitz (1641–1698) since 1668 , the only daughter of the Brandenburg Major General, Chamberlain and Governor of Lippstadt , Johann Ernst von Pöllnitz . Five of her twelve children died in early childhood. Reached adulthood:

  • Bogislaus (born October 14, 1669 - † May 23, 1693), lieutenant colonel in the Saxon bodyguard
  • Luise (March 3, 1671; † 1709)
⚭ Erasmus Conrad von Carnitz (1658–1689)
⚭ Freiherr Johann Georg von Rechenberg auf Eythra († 1729), Saxon envoy in Hanover, son of Johann Georg von Rechenberg (scandal over Wolf Dietrich von Beichlingen )
  • Charlotte Catharina (April 3, 1674; † February 2, 1735) ⚭ March 15, 1693 Hieronymus August von der Asseburg (* May 9, 1664; † December 19, 1717)
  • Johann Ludwig (born December 25, 1675 - † October 29, 1713), Saxon colonel, heir to his father's property
⚭ 1699 Countess Juliane Charlotte von Dönhoff (1682–1733), daughter of Count Friedrich von Dönhoff
  • Carl (* May 2, 1679; †?), Canon of Halberstadt
  • Dorothea Henriette (August 1, 1682 - May 15, 1714) ⚭ June 5, 1698 Busso von Hagen auf Biendorf (* August 15, 1665 - December 18, 1734)
  • Sophie Wilhelmine (May 18, 1686 - November 17, 1730)
⚭ Count Adam Ludwig von Blumenthal (1666–1704)
⚭ Sigmund von Erlach (1671–1722)

literature

Web links

Commons : Hans Adam von Schöning  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schöningstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )

This article is based on a text in the public domain from Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , 4th edition from 1888 to 1890.

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personal data
SURNAME Schöning, Hans Adam from
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Elector Brandenburg and Electoral Saxon field marshal
DATE OF BIRTH October 1, 1641
PLACE OF BIRTH Tamsel near Küstrin
DATE OF DEATH August 28, 1696
Place of death Dresden