Polnitz

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Coat of arms of those of Pölnitz (Poellnitz)

Pölnitz (also Poelnitz , Pöllnitz or Poellnitz ) is the name of an old, originally Saxon - Vogtland noble family with the same parent company in the Saale-Orla district in Thuringia . A line came to Franconia around 1600 and is still located there today. The Pölnitz are of the same tribe and coat of arms as those of Metzsch .

"Gotscalcus von Polnicz" appeared in a document in 1238 as the first member. The lineage of the family that later also belonged to the Franconian and Upper Rhine Imperial Knighthood begins with "Hans von Pollnitz" on Schwarzbach near Triptis , mentioned in a document in 1456 . The spelling Pölnitz was determined by a cabinet order of April 4, 1885.

history

Thuringia

This noble family had its origins in the present-day localities of Upper , Middle , Lower , Buch , Stein and Mühlpöllnitz in the Saale-Orla district and in the Greiz district in Thuringia . The headquarters was probably the former moated castle in Niederpöllnitz (Greiz district). This was taken over by the von der Planitz family in the 15th century , after which the owners often changed. The moated castle in Oberpöllnitz was mentioned in 1341 as a "round building with a small inner courtyard" and was converted into a Renaissance castle in the 16th century. This seat remained in the family's possession until around 1800.

Over time, the property with the goods Braunsdorf , Dreitzsch , Goseck (1609–1721), Geroda , Gröbitz , Herschdorf , Lindenkreuz , Meilitz, Münchenbernsdorf , Mosen , Molbitz, Oberlödla , Rathewitz , Reinsdorf , Renthendorf , Schwarzbach , Sora, Staitz and Wetzdorf to be expanded. Of these, Oberlödla remained in the possession of the von Pölnitz family until 1945.

Francs

Hans Bruno of Pölnitz († 1592), Elector of Saxony advice and Hofmeister and later princely bambergischer bailiff to Kupferberg , moved his family permanently in francs on. One of his sons became the progenitor of the zu Aschbach line , which was acquired in 1611, and another son founded the Heinersgrün line (now part of the Burgstein community ). On a hill above the village of Heinersgrün near Burgstein stands St. Clara, the grave chapel of the von Feilitzsch and von Pölnitz families from the late Middle Ages, visible from afar . Hundshaupten Castle was acquired in 1661 . Aschbach and Hundshaupten are still owned by the Franconian, Catholic line of the Barons of Pölnitz.

A native of the Aschbacher line Hironymus Christoph von Pölnitz, Bamberger Councilor and marshal , received on 9 February 1670 by Emperor Leopold I the baron . Gottfried Friedemann von Pöllnitz from the Principality of Ansbach-Brandenburg entered the service of the ducal Württemberg and in 1716 became Vice-President of the Noble Upper Council.

After the von Hutten family died out in 1783, the Lords of Pöllnitz received the Frankenberg manor near Uffenheim with large forest and field holdings and smaller manors in Bullenheim and Geckenheim to become imperial knighthood in the knight canton of Odenwald of the Franconian knightly circle from Margrave Carl Alexander von Ansbach in 1783 . Because of Aschbach bei Schlüsselfeld with Hundshaupten Castle , Hohn (Hahnbuch) and Wüstenbuch, they were already enrolled in the knightly canton of Steigerwald at the beginning of the 17th century and in the knightly canton of Altmühl at the beginning of the 18th century . Members of the family also belonged to the Vogtland knighthood.

Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz , who did not belong to the Franconian Pöllnitz, was chamberlain and member of the tobacco college of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm I. Under his son, Frederick the Great , he was appointed chief master of ceremonies and a member of the Academy of Sciences . His memoirs were translated into many foreign languages ​​during his lifetime, but they are also gossip stories.

In the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1812 to 1814, all members of the sex were registered in the baron class of the nobility matriculation. Various branches of the family still exist.

Frankenberg Castle came to Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Pölnitz (1724–1801) after 1783. After the death of the last Baroness von Pölnitz in 1971, the property passed to the Barons von Lerchenfeld, who later lost it through bankruptcy.

Lines and their people

The family consists of several lines and their subdivisions. A total of three lines are distinguished. The first line is not registered in Bavaria. The third line is the Catholic line of Aschbach and Hundshaupten , which allowed Catholic and Jewish families to move into the originally Protestant town.

The further branching of the second line is as follows:

  • 1st line: Poellnitz
  • 2nd line: Poellnitz, progenitor: Ehrenfried von Pölnitz (around 1577–1627)
  • 2nd line, 1st branch, progenitor: Christian Ehrenfried von Pölnitz (1623–1678)
  • 2nd line, 1st branch, 1st branch
  • 2nd line, 1st branch, 2nd branch, progenitor: Christoph Ehrenfried von Pölnitz (1692–1758)
  • 2nd line, 1st branch, 2nd branch, 1st house (Frankenberg, Protestant); Progenitor Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Poellnitz (1724–1801); matriculated in the Kingdom of Bavaria in the Freiherrn class on December 30, 1813; this house went out with Theodor von Poellnitz (born January 9, 1869 in Würzburg, † May 7, 1945 in Frankenberg) and Marimathilde von Poellnitz in 1971, the "Baroness".
  • 2nd line, 1st branch, 2nd branch, 2nd house (Altenkirchen, Lutheran and Anglican); this house went out with Arthur von Pölnitz (born May 22, 1845 in Lindau, † August 16, 1935 in Salzburg). It has been continued by adopted children since 1932. These are called Poellnitz-Gnigler
  • 2nd line, 1st branch, 2nd branch, 3rd house (Lutheran and Catholic), progenitor Wilhelm Ludwig von Pölnitz (1732–1816); Enrolled in the baron class in the Kingdom of Bavaria on January 8, 1814
  • 2nd line, 2nd branch
  • 3rd line (Catholic), on Aschbach and Hundshaupten , progenitor Hans Georg von Pöllnitz (1577–1622), envoy and minister from the Electoral Saxony, enrolled in the baron class in the Kingdom of Bavaria on July 22, 1812

Personalities

Polnitz

Pollnitz

Poellnitz

Poelnitz

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a blue rafter in silver . On the crowned helmet there are two buffalo horns divided by blue and silver . The helmet covers are blue-silver.

Those of Metzsch are tribal and coats of arms .

The family coat of arms can also be found in parts of local coats of arms, such as those of the former communities of Aschbach and Hundshaupten.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Pölnitz (noble family)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Original in the Saxon Main State Archives Dresden , No. 350