Polnitz
Pölnitz (also Poelnitz , Pöllnitz or Poellnitz ) is the name of an old, originally Saxon - Vogtland noble family with the same parent company in the Saale-Orla district in Thuringia . A line came to Franconia around 1600 and is still located there today. The Pölnitz are of the same tribe and coat of arms as those of Metzsch .
"Gotscalcus von Polnicz" appeared in a document in 1238 as the first member. The lineage of the family that later also belonged to the Franconian and Upper Rhine Imperial Knighthood begins with "Hans von Pollnitz" on Schwarzbach near Triptis , mentioned in a document in 1456 . The spelling Pölnitz was determined by a cabinet order of April 4, 1885.
history
Thuringia
Keep of Pöllnitz Castle in Niederpöllnitz
Oberpöllnitz Round Castle
This noble family had its origins in the present-day localities of Upper , Middle , Lower , Buch , Stein and Mühlpöllnitz in the Saale-Orla district and in the Greiz district in Thuringia . The headquarters was probably the former moated castle in Niederpöllnitz (Greiz district). This was taken over by the von der Planitz family in the 15th century , after which the owners often changed. The moated castle in Oberpöllnitz was mentioned in 1341 as a "round building with a small inner courtyard" and was converted into a Renaissance castle in the 16th century. This seat remained in the family's possession until around 1800.
Over time, the property with the goods Braunsdorf , Dreitzsch , Goseck (1609–1721), Geroda , Gröbitz , Herschdorf , Lindenkreuz , Meilitz, Münchenbernsdorf , Mosen , Molbitz, Oberlödla , Rathewitz , Reinsdorf , Renthendorf , Schwarzbach , Sora, Staitz and Wetzdorf to be expanded. Of these, Oberlödla remained in the possession of the von Pölnitz family until 1945.
Francs
Hans Bruno of Pölnitz († 1592), Elector of Saxony advice and Hofmeister and later princely bambergischer bailiff to Kupferberg , moved his family permanently in francs on. One of his sons became the progenitor of the zu Aschbach line , which was acquired in 1611, and another son founded the Heinersgrün line (now part of the Burgstein community ). On a hill above the village of Heinersgrün near Burgstein stands St. Clara, the grave chapel of the von Feilitzsch and von Pölnitz families from the late Middle Ages, visible from afar . Hundshaupten Castle was acquired in 1661 . Aschbach and Hundshaupten are still owned by the Franconian, Catholic line of the Barons of Pölnitz.
A native of the Aschbacher line Hironymus Christoph von Pölnitz, Bamberger Councilor and marshal , received on 9 February 1670 by Emperor Leopold I the baron . Gottfried Friedemann von Pöllnitz from the Principality of Ansbach-Brandenburg entered the service of the ducal Württemberg and in 1716 became Vice-President of the Noble Upper Council.
After the von Hutten family died out in 1783, the Lords of Pöllnitz received the Frankenberg manor near Uffenheim with large forest and field holdings and smaller manors in Bullenheim and Geckenheim to become imperial knighthood in the knight canton of Odenwald of the Franconian knightly circle from Margrave Carl Alexander von Ansbach in 1783 . Because of Aschbach bei Schlüsselfeld with Hundshaupten Castle , Hohn (Hahnbuch) and Wüstenbuch, they were already enrolled in the knightly canton of Steigerwald at the beginning of the 17th century and in the knightly canton of Altmühl at the beginning of the 18th century . Members of the family also belonged to the Vogtland knighthood.
Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz , who did not belong to the Franconian Pöllnitz, was chamberlain and member of the tobacco college of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm I. Under his son, Frederick the Great , he was appointed chief master of ceremonies and a member of the Academy of Sciences . His memoirs were translated into many foreign languages during his lifetime, but they are also gossip stories.
In the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1812 to 1814, all members of the sex were registered in the baron class of the nobility matriculation. Various branches of the family still exist.
Frankenberg Castle came to Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Pölnitz (1724–1801) after 1783. After the death of the last Baroness von Pölnitz in 1971, the property passed to the Barons von Lerchenfeld, who later lost it through bankruptcy.
Lines and their people
The family consists of several lines and their subdivisions. A total of three lines are distinguished. The first line is not registered in Bavaria. The third line is the Catholic line of Aschbach and Hundshaupten , which allowed Catholic and Jewish families to move into the originally Protestant town.
The further branching of the second line is as follows:
- 1st line: Poellnitz
- 2nd line: Poellnitz, progenitor: Ehrenfried von Pölnitz (around 1577–1627)
- 2nd line, 1st branch, progenitor: Christian Ehrenfried von Pölnitz (1623–1678)
- 2nd line, 1st branch, 1st branch
- 2nd line, 1st branch, 2nd branch, progenitor: Christoph Ehrenfried von Pölnitz (1692–1758)
- 2nd line, 1st branch, 2nd branch, 1st house (Frankenberg, Protestant); Progenitor Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Poellnitz (1724–1801); matriculated in the Kingdom of Bavaria in the Freiherrn class on December 30, 1813; this house went out with Theodor von Poellnitz (born January 9, 1869 in Würzburg, † May 7, 1945 in Frankenberg) and Marimathilde von Poellnitz in 1971, the "Baroness".
- 2nd line, 1st branch, 2nd branch, 2nd house (Altenkirchen, Lutheran and Anglican); this house went out with Arthur von Pölnitz (born May 22, 1845 in Lindau, † August 16, 1935 in Salzburg). It has been continued by adopted children since 1932. These are called Poellnitz-Gnigler
- 2nd line, 1st branch, 2nd branch, 3rd house (Lutheran and Catholic), progenitor Wilhelm Ludwig von Pölnitz (1732–1816); Enrolled in the baron class in the Kingdom of Bavaria on January 8, 1814
- 2nd line, 2nd branch
- 3rd line (Catholic), on Aschbach and Hundshaupten , progenitor Hans Georg von Pöllnitz (1577–1622), envoy and minister from the Electoral Saxony, enrolled in the baron class in the Kingdom of Bavaria on July 22, 1812
Personalities
Polnitz
- Bernhard von Pölnitz (1569–1628), Electoral Saxon Chancellor and Privy Councilor
- Gerhard Bernhard von Pölnitz (1617–1679), major general in Brandenburg and governor of the twin cities of Berlin and Cölln
- Joseph Freiherr von Pölnitz (1792–1865), Royal Bavarian Chamberlain and Land Commissioner
- Sigmund Freiherr von Pölnitz (1901–1978), cathedral capitular in Bamberg and museum director
- Götz Freiherr von Pölnitz (1906–1967), archivist and historian, administrator of the Fürstlich and Graeflich Fugger foundations, rector of the University of Erlangen, founding rector of the University of Regensburg
- Gudila Freifrau von Pölnitz (1913–2002), landowner, monument protector, member of the Bavarian state parliament
- Winfrid von Pölnitz von und zu Egloffstein (* 1933), German administrative lawyer
Pollnitz
- Hans Georg von Pöllnitz (1577–1622), ambassador and minister from the Electorate of Saxony
- Johann Ernst von Pöllnitz (1618–1684), Major General of Brandenburg, Governor of Lippstadt
- Hieronymus Christoph von Pöllnitz (1620–1697), officer and civil servant in the ore monastery of Mainz and in the monastery of Bamberg
- Ludwig Ernst von Pöllnitz (1641–1695), Electoral Saxon Chancellor and Privy Councilor
- Moritz Wilhelm von Pöllnitz (1676–1725), Privy Councilor
- Friedrich Carl von Pöllnitz (1682–1760), electoral Polish high court marshal and lover of the Duchess Henriette Charlotte of Saxony-Merseburg
- Friedrich Moritz von Pöllnitz (1689–1760), Royal Major General of Great Britain and Brunswick-Lüneburg
- Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz (1692–1775), Prussian writer and adventurer
Poellnitz
- Karl von Poellnitz (1896–1945), botanist and manor owner in Oberlödla
- Gisela von Poellnitz (1911–1939), United Press employee and resistance fighter
Poelnitz
- Christiane Freiin von Poelnitz (* 1971), German actress
coat of arms
Coat of arms of the von Metsch family based on Siebmacher's coat of arms book 1605
Coat of arms of the community of Mittelpöllnitz
The family coat of arms shows a blue rafter in silver . On the crowned helmet there are two buffalo horns divided by blue and silver . The helmet covers are blue-silver.
Those of Metzsch are tribal and coats of arms .
The family coat of arms can also be found in parts of local coats of arms, such as those of the former communities of Aschbach and Hundshaupten.
See also
- Pöllnitz (disambiguation)
- List of German noble families
- List of Frankish knight families
- List of Thuringian knight families
literature
- Johann Georg Knup: Historical and genealogical description of the sex of those von Pöllnitz , Leipzig 1745, digitized
- Johann Gottfried Biedermann : genealogy of the praiseworthy knights in Voigtlande , Culmbach 1752, Tabula CLXII (family tables, 17 pages) digitized
- Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New General German Adelslexicon , 7th volume, Leipzig 1867, p.195
- Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: The coats of arms of the German baronial and noble families , 3rd volume, 1856, p. 363
- Pollnitz. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 28, Leipzig 1741, columns 955-959.
- Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon Volume X, Volume 119 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1999, ISSN 0435-2408
- The aristocracy enrolled in Bavaria . Volume 16, ISBN 3-7686-5075-8 , pages 392-403.
- The aristocracy enrolled in Bavaria , Volume 1, 1950, pages 561-566.
- Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses for the year 1857 S.553ff , 1862, S.578ff , 1870 S.655ff
- Gender narrative of the noble families flourishing in Saxony as a continuation to various authors , 1787, p.37
Web links
- The von Pölnitz family in the Wildenfels castle archive
- The family history of those from Pöllnitz on a private homepage about Oberpöllnitz
- To the sex of those from Pöl (l) nitz
- The coat of arms of the von Pöllnitz dynasty in Franconian coat of arms roll
Individual evidence
- ^ Original in the Saxon Main State Archives Dresden , No. 350