Aschbach (Schlüsselfeld)

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Aschbach
City key field
Aschbach coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 46 ′ 21 ″  N , 10 ° 33 ′ 44 ″  E
Height : 322 m above sea level NN
Residents : 1032  (June 30, 2019)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 96132
Area code : 09555
Aschbach from the south (2011)
Aschbach from the south (2011)

Aschbach is a district of Schlüsselfeld in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg with a good 1000 inhabitants. The Franconian Marienweg runs through the village .

coat of arms

The coat of arms shows the hat of a governor . The three trees stand for the villages of Aschbach, Wüstenbuch and Hohn am Berg, which formed the former Aschbach market. Since it was incorporated into the town of Schlüsselfeld in 1978, the coat of arms is no longer officially used.

history

The first written mention of Aschbach was in 1136, when the place was spun off from the Burghaslach parish association and raised to its own parish by the Würzburg bishop Embricho (1127–1146). The outsourcing happened at the request of the widow Gudrun des Edelfrei Winezo (possibly from the later Fuchs von Bimbach family ), who donated a Lady Chapel and set up a parish. She donated the goods to Aschbach, Heuchelheim and Dietersdorf to the Bamberg monastery Michelsberg .

With the Reformation that took Lutheranism input; until the end of the 17th century the place was purely Protestant . This changed with the takeover of Aschbach by the Catholic line of Pölnitz on November 25, 1611. Only Catholics and Jews were accepted. The line also acquired Hundshaupten Castle in Franconian Switzerland in 1661 . The aristocratic family founded a hospice for Dominicans in 1684 , the current rectory. Aschbach came to Bavaria in 1802. In 1978 the Aschbach market was incorporated into the town of Schlüsselfeld.

Attractions

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Aschbach Castle

The Aschbacher Schloss , built by Hieronymus Christoph von Pöllnitz , is a simple two-wing complex from 1672 and is still inhabited by the Barons of Pölnitz.

Evangelical Parish Church of St. Laurentius

The altar of the Virgin Mary in St. Laurentius from around 1470/75 with a Turkish maon

The basement of the parish church dates from the end of the 15th century. From 1736, with the new building of the nave, the elevation of the tower and its roof closure, measures were carried out to make it baroque. The church was used for a long time by both the Catholic and the Protestant community, and bitter disputes arose again and again. The simultaneous use lasted until the new construction of the Catholic Church in 1922. The font from the second half of the 16th century was reserved for Protestant use. A remarkable carved altar from around 1470/75, from which the sacrament niche probably also originates, is a Nuremberg work attributed to the Martha master. Particularly noteworthy is the central figure of Mary on a human head lying on a crescent moon. It is a so-called Turkish Madonna , which addresses the threat from the Ottoman Empire at the time (see also Old Dechantei ).

Grave monuments: NN von Thüngfeld († 1438); Georg von Ebnet († 1590); Anastasia Fuchs von Rügheim († 1597)

Catholic parish church Maria Himmelfahrt

The Catholic population only received a church in 1921/1922. The architect was Fritz Fuchsenberger . The rich baroque furnishings, which come from the nearby Cistercian monastery of Ebrach , which was secularized at the beginning of the 19th century , contrasts with the rather simple building. The high altar from the Michael's Chapel in Ebrach is a work by Giovanni Battista Brenno around 1700, the side altars were made around 1735. Franz Ferdinand Richter from Breslau painted the altar panel on the right side altar. The Way of the Cross by Sebastian Güthlein from Bamberg dates back to 1834. The church was consecrated on September 10, 1922 by Jacobus von Hauck , Archbishop of Bamberg.

Jews in Aschbach

Jewish cemetery in Aschbach, 2011

The Jewish population of Burghaslach used the Jewish cemetery in Aschbach as early as 1725. The community of Aschbach, which existed until 1942, had a synagogue (rebuilt in 1763), classrooms , a teacher's apartment, a ritual bath ( mikveh ) and a cemetery . During the November pogroms in 1938 , the synagogue was desecrated and the building itself was preserved. The niche of Aron ha-Qodesch has also been preserved , the synagogal window arches are clearly visible. The cemetery is in a well-tended condition, with newer grave monuments and a memorial stone for the victims of the Holocaust .

The Aschbach Jews originally belonged to the Burgebrach district rabbinate . After its dissolution and connection to Bamberg, the Jews in Aschbach joined the orthodox direction and belonged to the district rabbinate of Burgkunstadt with the orthodox rabbi Dr. Goitein. After several attempts to found its own rabbinate, the community joined the Kitzingen district rabbinate in 1920 .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ J. Kestler: St. Laurentius zu Aschbach. Church leaders . Ed .: Evangelical Lutheran Parish Office Ascgbach-Hohn am Berg. S. 6 .