Johann Christoph Wagenseil

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Johann Christoph Wagenseil
Ex-libris by Johann Christoph Wagenseil

Johann Christoph Wagenseil (born November 26, 1633 in Nuremberg ; † October 9, 1705 in Altdorf ) was a German polyhistor , legal scholar and orientalist .

Life

He studied at the University of Altdorf - recognized in 1622 . As court master and educator of the princes, he worked for various noble families in Bavaria and Austria from 1654 to 1667 and undertook educational trips with his students through Europe and the Middle East. In Amsterdam in 1666 he acquired the first of his Hebrew books, which were to form the basis of his extensive library.

In the same year (1666) he published in Paris, together with the royal historian Adrien Valois, the Dissertationes de Cena Trimalcionis nuper sub Petronij nomine vulgata . In it he argued u. a. with the fact that the Hebraisms he found in the Cena des Petronius speak against the authenticity of the fragment recently rediscovered in Trau.

He received his doctorate in law from the University of Orléans and was then appointed full professor of history and public law at the University of Altdorf in 1667. In the same year he became a member of the Greater Nuremberg Council. He took over the chair for oriental studies at the University of Altdorf in 1674, and in 1697 he was given the chair for canon law.

He was best known for his book Von der MeisterSinger gracious art , published in 1697 as an appendix to a history of the city of Nuremberg . Richard Wagner later used this as the most important source for his monumental opera Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg .

He also worked at the University of Altdorf as one of the first Hebraists. As a teacher of Hebrew and Jewish literature, he employed Beer Perlhefter , who later played an important role in Sabbatianism . His highly educated wife Bella Perlhefter was supposed to teach Wagenseil's daughter Helena Sybilla to play zither and dance. Wagenseil wrote some writings in defense of the Jews , but also translated a collection of anti-Christian Hebrew writings into Latin in 1681 with the Tela Ignea Satanae ( The Fire Arrows of Satan ). It also includes a polemical story of Jesus Christ, the Libellus Toldos Jeshu . There it is claimed, based on the Roman philosopher Celsus , that Jesus was the son of a Roman legionnaire named Pandira and a whore.

His contribution to the history of the encyclopedia , the Pera librorum juvenilium of 1695, is important. This was a collection of the then mandatory school knowledge; Loosely translated the title is a backpack with books for young people . His extensive collection of old Hebrew sources in particular is famous.

His invention of a device for rescue from distress, the so-called hydraspis, is original .

Johann Christoph Wagenseil was characterized above all by his open attitude towards Judaism, which was open to dialogue, which was an exception at the time.

He bequeathed his extensive library to the University of Altdorf and the City Council Library, which has been called the Leipzig City Library since 1832 . Since the Altdorf University Library was closed in 1808, Wagenseil's books were transferred to the University of Erlangen in 1818 , where they were integrated into the existing book inventory. His legendary library could no longer be found. In the 1990s, Hermann Süß succeeded in almost completely reconstructing the Wagenseil library using the sales catalog that had been discovered shortly before. His book collection consisted of around 300 volumes, of which around 150 were books written in Hebrew by Jews for Jews. Another 55 volumes were written by Christian Hebraists and 95 volumes were philological literature in the languages ​​Syriac, Persian, Ethiopian, Arabic, Greek and Japanese.

Helena Sybilla Wagenseilin

His educated daughter Helena Sibylla Wagenseil (* 1669; † 1735) married the Nuremberg professor of history and metaphysics Daniel Wilhelm Moller .

Namesake mates

He is only distantly related to Georg Christoph Wagenseil (* 1715; † 1777), a very well-known composer in Vienna who worked for the imperial court for a long time and was the teacher of Johann Baptist Schenk .

The same applies to the writer Christian Jacob Wagenseil (* 1756; † 1839).

Latin works

Original editions

  • Sotah , Altdorf 1675 (a Latin translation of the Talmudic Sotah )
  • De loco classico Gen. 49, 10., ad Ch. Arnoldum. Altdorf 1876 . ( Digitized version )
  • De loco classico Es. 7.14; Wagenseilius, Joh.Christophorus , Altdorfii Nor .: Schönnerstaedt, (1678) (Altdorf, Phil. Diss. 23 Oct. 1678) ( digitized version )
  • Ad Johannem Fechtium Joh. Christophori Wagenseilii de infundibuli sui occasione, consilio, & instituto dissertatio epistolica; In qua etiam asseritur Hydraspis. Simul fit praeparatio Judicii sanguinio ... , Altdorfii Noric., 1693. ( digitized version )
  • Pera librorum juvenilium , Altdorfii Noricorum, 1695
  • Joh. Christophori Wagenseilii Doct. & in Acad. Altdorf. Prof. Exercitationes Sex Varii Argvmenti , Editio altera, Altdorfi [i] Noricorum, printed by Jobst Wilhelm Kohles in 1697. ( digitized version )
  • De sacri Rome. imperii libera civitate Noribergensi commentatio; Joh. Christophorus Wagenseilius; Acc. de Germaniae phonascorum. From the Meister-Singer origine, praestantia, utilitate, et institutis sermone vernaculo liber , [With portr.], Altdorfii Noricorum, printed by Jobst Wilhelm Kohles in 1697 ( digital copy )
  • Disputatio Circularis de Judæis , Altdorf, 1705. ( digitized version )

Modern editions

  • Tela ignea Satanae; Hoc est: arcani & horribiles Judaeorum adversus Christum Deum & christianam religionem libri anekdotoi. Joh. Christophorus Wagenseilius ex Europae Africaeque latebris erutos, in lucem protrusit. Additae sunt Latinae interpretationes, et duplex confutatio. Accedit Mantissa de LXX. hebdomadibus Danielis , edition: Altdorfi Noricorum: Schönnerstaedt 1681, facsimile, Farnborough 1970

German works

Original editions

  • Instruction in the Jewish-Teutonic way of speaking and writing , Königsberg 1699. ( digitized version )
  • Rabbi Moses Stendal's Psalms of David recently rhymed in the Jewish speech style , Leipzig 1700
  • Johann Christof Wagenseil's Denunciatio Christiana, or Christian announcement because of the blasphemies with which the Jews, our Heyland Jesum Christum, especially cease, blaspheme , Altdorf 1703
  • To all high rulers and magistrates, which Jews under their sway have , 2nd edition Berlin 1704. ( digitized )
  • The Adriatic Lion, that is, Kurtze Anzeigung, of the entire lineage of the lucid Venetian nobility, recording, as well as their innate tribe coats of arms: From the Roem. Kays. Majesty and a Löbl. Magistrate of the City of Leipzig Libraries, old Jtalian manuscripts, as well as some new Hülffs funds, taken from / by Johann Christof Wagenseil, D. of the University of Altdorf Professore, and the Venetian State-sponsored Academie de 'Ricovrati, or the Geborgenen, member , Altdorf: Printed ... by Jobst Wilhelm Kohles, 1704. ( digitized )
  • Of the upbringing of a boy Printzen who has a disgust for all studies, That he will nevertheless be taught and sent: Thoughts are added: What shape each person, about his gender, age, and quality of life, well-pending science in spiritual and worldly matters, easy to cite ... / Designed by Johann Christof Wägenseilen ... , Leipzig: Printed by Johann Heinrich Richter, 1705 digitized from the Kiel University Library
  • Notification about some important matters concerning the Jews , Leipzig 1705 (posthumously)
  • [Hope of the redemption of Israelis, or clear proof of the imminent and, as it seems, general approaching great Jewish conversion] Joh. Christophori Wagenseilii, JUD Juris Canonici & Publici, nec non LL. Oriental. Prof. Publici Altdorfini, hope of the redemption of Israelis, or clear evidence of the imminent, and, as it seems, general approaching large Jewish conversion: together with unpredictable thoughts on how to promote such the next bestowal of divine help / Johann Christoph Wagenseil , Editio altera , priore in 8. multò correctior, & octo aliis rarioribus Beati Autoris Opusculis, quorum conspectum sequens pagina exhibebit, adaucta, Nuremberg 1707
  • Joh. Christoph Wagenseils, famous legal scholar Philologi zu Altorff, dissertation from Popess Johanna , published in German translation in: Friedrich Spanheim: Merckworthy history of the Pope Johanna from d. Mr. von Spanheim latin. Diss. By d. Mr. Lenfant pulled, ... together with: Johann Christoph Wagenseil: From the Popess Johanna ... ed. u. has been added as an appendix in German. Franckfurth [et al.] , 1737, pp. 437ff. University of Düsseldorf

therein the individual works:

    • The two Jews aroused doubts about the truth of their doctrine of faith. That is how a Christian has to behave in a casual conversation with a Jew so that he may be aroused a doubt about the truth of his Jewish doctrine of the faith
    • The falsely attributed use of Christian blood to those Jews, that is, irreconcilable refutation of the appalling unawareness, that the Jews must have Christian blood for their needs, which has deprived so many thousands of these innocent people of their possessions, property, body and life
    • Wol-intended display and reminder, How it is very easy to accomplish, That the Jews must from now on completely stand up, To plague the Christians with usury and scoundrels and to bring them into poverty
    • Kurtz-summarized report, What is the real concern with the so badly called Jewish prayer Olenu, which is also forbidden to use in some places
    • Denunciatio Christiana, or Christian announcement, to all rulers who have Jews under their authority, because of the blasphemies with which the Jews cease to blaspheme our Heyland Jesus Christ. With the most humble pleading, such heaven-screaming evil dermaleins, It is high time, and it can be easy, to defend God's will
    • Christian announcement to all high rulers and authorities, which Jews have under their submissiveness, because of the interference which the Jews are subordinate to to do in their sovereignty, regalia and jurisdiction
    • A concern about the question: whether a good Christian, with an unharmed conscience, should give a Jew at his Shabbas, a helping hand? : To his trusted friend Fulano
    • Concerning whether a Christian could take his deceased wife's sister or sister-daughter into marriage with a clear conscience
    • Friendly memories of the Christian idea that someone opposed the Denunciationi Christianæ

Modern editions

  • Book of Master-Singer Hold-Blessed Art. Johann Christoph Wagenseil (= Litterae. Vol. 38). Published by Horst Brunner. Göppingen 1975, ISBN 3-87452-290-3 (from: De civitate Noribergensi commentatio. Altdorf 1697).

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Johann Christoph Wagenseil  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Johann Christoph Wagenseil  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See also: Family tree of the Wagenseil families
personal data
SURNAME Wagenseil, Johann Christoph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German polyhistor, lawyer and orientalist
DATE OF BIRTH November 26, 1633
PLACE OF BIRTH Nuremberg
DATE OF DEATH October 9, 1705
Place of death Altdorf