The feast of the Trimalchio

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The Banquet of Trimalchio (Latin Cena Trimalchionis ) is the longest surviving and the most famous episode from the fragmentary Roman Satyricon by Petronius Arbiter .

Emergence

The origin is usually dated to the Neronian period between 60 and 65 AD, 64 or 65 AD is often mentioned, even if some researchers assume that it was created by another author at the end of the 2nd or 3rd century to have.

Rediscovery

After the Cena Trimalchionis had already been rediscovered around 1645 in the library of Niccolò Cippico in Trogir (Trau, Dalmatia), it was first published in 1664 in Padua. The authenticity of the fragment was initially hotly disputed, with the most important scholars of the time (including Reinesius , Scheffer, Adrien Valois, Johann Christoph Wagenseil , Tilebom, Giovanni Lucio, Lotichius and many others) speaking out partly for and partly against the authenticity.

The authenticity finally emerged from quotations from John of Salisbury as well as an entry which fixed the transcription to around 1423. At this point in time, Poggio Bracciolini was looking for ancient authors a. a. also discovered a Petron text.

The original location of the Cena (England or Cologne?) And the original book division are controversial.

content

According to today's count, the content includes chapters 26.7 to 79 of the Satyricon .

The protagonists of the novel, Encolpius and his companions Ascyltos and Giton, are taken by an acquaintance, Agamemnon, to a feast that is hosted by Trimalchio, a former slave, i.e. a freedman (Latin libertus ) and newly wealthy upstart from southern Italy. Trimalchio tries to impress his guests with extraordinary dishes and performances as well as with his own erudition - he reveals all too clearly his tastelessness and half-education. The staging of his own funeral towards the end of the feast is particularly repugnant (and at the same time amusing).

In terms of linguistic history, the conversations between the freedmen among Trimalchio's friends are of particular interest, as they are the only literary presentation of Vulgar Latin .

criticism

A German-language edition that was published by Insel Verlag in 2006 was announced as follows: “A gang of blackheads and parasites is gathering around the freed slave Trimalchio, who has come to be madly rich. A cloaca maxima opens its locks on his table: a vulgar Latin stream of folk and gutter language, articulating a world without gods, a civilization that relativizes all human conditions. ” In his afterword to this edition, Durs Grünbein wrote that reading was his Youth "exploded in the unconscious"; the text is "old and yet strangely fresh, strangely cool, downright hyperactive".

media

The feast of the Trimalchio was staged by Federico Fellini in the film Satyricon in 1969 .

Editions and translations

  • Titus Petronius Arbiter: Banquet of Trimalchio. Edited by Friedrich Spiro after W. Heinses translation with introduction and explanations . Leipzig 1927.
  • Martin S. Smith (Ed.): Petronii Arbitri Cena Trimalchionis. Oxford 1975.
  • Jan Öberg (Ed.): Cena Trimalchionis. Stockholm 1999.
  • Titus Petronius Arbiter: The Banquet of Trimalchio. Latin-German, edited and translated by Wilhelm Ehlers and Konrad Müller . Düsseldorf [and others] 2002.
  • Titus Petronius Arbiter: Satyrica. Latin, selected and edited by Reinhard Pohlke. Stuttgart 2012.
  • Titus Petronius Arbiter: Cena Trimalchionis, The Supper of Trimalchio. edited and translated by Karl-Wilhelm Weeber , Reclam, Stuttgart 2016, ISBN 978-3-15-019385-3 .

literature

  • Gilbert Bagnani: The House of Trimalchio. In: American Journal of Philology . Vol. 75, 1954, pp. 16-39.
  • Bret Boyce: The Language of the Freedmen in Petronius' Cena Trimalchionis. Leiden 1991.
  • Peter Grossardt : The “Cena Trimalchionis” read as a parody of the “Iliad” . In: Hermes . Vol. 137, 2009, pp. 335-355.
  • Josef Hosner: Studies on Latin-Romance language development using the example of the spoken parts in the "Cena Trimalchionis" . Bochum Univ. Diss. 1984.
  • Florian Hurka: The literary literary barbarism of the Trimalchio. In: Luigi Castagna [u. a.] (Ed.): Studies on Petron and its reception. Berlin [u. a.] 2007, pp. 213-224.
  • Michael Mordine: Odyssean Adventures in the Cena Trimalchionis. In: Classical Antiquity. Vol. 32, 2013, pp. 176-199.
  • Aarne H. Salonius: The Greeks and the Greek in Petrons Cena Trimalchionis. Helsingfors 1927.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Ludwig Bieler: History of Roman Literature. Volume 2: The Literature of the Imperial Era. 3rd, improved edition. De Gruyter, Berlin, New York 1972, p. 90.
  2. Théodore Petrequin: Découverte d'un manuscrit de Petrone a maid, en 1663. Épisode de l'histoire littéraire de Lyon au 17e siècle. In: Revue du Lyonnais, esquisses Physiques, Morales et Historiques. Vol. 2, 1835, pp. 417-431 (digitized version ) ; Remigio Sabbadini: Per la storia del Codice Traurino di Petronio. In: Rivista di filologia e di istruzione classica. Vol. 48, 1920, pp. 27-39 (digitized version ) .
  3. Thomas Reinesius: T. Petroni Arbitri in Dalmatia nuper repertum Fragmentum cum epicrisi & scholiis etc. Leipzig 1666.
  4. ^ Johannes Scheffer: De Fragmenti hujus Traguriano vero auctore Dissertatio.
  5. ^ Adrien Valois, Joh. Chr. Wagenseil: De Cena Trimalcionis nuper sub Petronij nomine vulgata Dissertationes. Paris 1666.
  6. Johann C. Tilebom: De Tragurienso Fragmento Petronii. Judicium ad typographo.
  7. ^ G. Lucio: Memorie istoriche di Tragurio, ora detto Trau. Venice 1673.
  8. See J. Farrer: Literary Forgeries. London 1907.
  9. The Codex Traguriensis was probably written in Florence; AC de la Mare: The Return of Petronius to Italy. In: JJG Alexander, MT Gibson: Medieval Learning and Literature. Essays presented to Richard William Hunt. Oxford 1976, pp. 220-254, esp. 243f.
  10. G. Berger: On the rediscovery of Petrons in Italy (Poggio's findings and the Codex Traguriensis). In: Actes de la XIIe Conférence internationale d'études classiques 'Eirene' Clúj-Napoca 2-7 octobre 1972 (published 1975), pp. 429-434.
  11. ^ Albert C. Clark: The Trau MS. of Petronius. In: Classical Review. Vol. 22, 1908, p. 178 f. (Digitized version) .
  12. ^ Stephen J. Harrison: Dividing the Dinner: Book Divisions in Petronius' Cena Trimalchionis. In: Classical Quarterly . Vol. 92 (= New Series Vol. 48), 1998, pp. 580-585.
  13. The Banquet of Trimalchio / Petronius Arbiter. Transferred from Otto Weinreich . Afterword by Durs Grünbein . Insel, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 978-3-458-19267-1 , announcement ( memento of the original from March 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at Suhrkamp.de. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.suhrkamp.de