Ferdinand IV. (HRR)
Ferdinand IV (born September 8, 1633 in Vienna ; † July 9, 1654 ibid), born as Ferdinand Franz , from the House of Habsburg, was King of the Romans from 1653 to 1654, King of Bohemia from 1646 and King of Hungary from 1647 and Croatia .
Life
Archduke Ferdinand Franz was the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand III. and his first wife Maria Anna of Spain . On the occasion of a visit by several electors to his Prague court in 1652, it was agreed to elect him Roman-German king, which happened on May 31, 1653. On the following June 18th he was crowned by the Elector and Archbishop of Mainz Philipp von Schönborn in Regensburg. A year later, Ferdinand, who was succeeded by the younger brother Leopold I , died of smallpox .
Despite the title of Roman King , Ferdinand IV was never ruler of the Holy Roman Empire . Elected king on the initiative of his father, he died before his father's death in 1657. The younger brother Leopold Ignatius was finally elected emperor in 1658.
death
When Ferdinand died of smallpox in Vienna on July 9, 1654 , the corpse was dissected, embalmed and publicly displayed on a display bed that same evening . The cup with the heart was also displayed on the display bed. One day after his death, at 9 o'clock in the evening, the heart was transferred to the Augustinian Church near the Hofburg , where it was buried in a simple ceremony in the Loreto chapel there. After several days of elaborate funeral ceremonies, the body was finally buried in the Capuchin crypt. Since Ferdinand particularly venerated the Madonna of Loreto , he had issued the testamentary decree that his heart should be buried under the Loreto Chapel of the Augustinian Church. In doing so, he established the tradition that continued into the 19th century that the following Habsburgs also had their hearts buried in an urn there. The entrails of Ferdinand IV were buried in an urn in the ducal crypt in St. Stephen's Cathedral. He is one of the 41 people who received a “ separate burial ” with their bodies being divided among all three traditional Viennese burial sites of the Habsburgs (Imperial Crypt, Heart Crypt, Ducal Crypt).
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Habsburg, Ferdinand IV . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 6th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing House, Vienna 1860, p. 190 ( digitized version ).
- Frank Huss: The Vienna Imperial Court. A cultural history from Leopold I to Leopold II. Gernsbach: Katz 2008.
- Frank Huss: Hindered rulers. Forty tragic crown princes and their fates. Greiz: King 2011.
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://genealogy.euweb.cz/habsburg/habsburg4.html
- ↑ The Habsburgs' Heart Crypt ( Memento from February 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), accessed: November 5, 2011
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Ferdinand III. |
Roman-German king 1653–1654 |
Leopold I. |
| Ferdinand III. |
Titular King of Bohemia 1646–1654 |
Leopold I. |
| Ferdinand III. |
Titular King of Hungary 1647–1654 |
Leopold I. |
| Elisabeth Lucretia |
Duke of Teschen 1653–1654 |
Ferdinand III. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ferdinand IV. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | King of the Holy Roman Empire, of Bohemia and Hungary |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 8, 1633 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 9, 1654 |
| Place of death | Vienna |