1883

Portal history | Portal Biographies | Current events | Annual calendar

◄ | 18th century | 19th century | 20th century | ►
◄ | 1850s | 1860s | 1870s | 1880s | 1890s | 1900s | 1910s | ►
◄◄ | ◄ | 1879 | 1880 | 1881 | 1882 | 1883 | 1884 | 1885 | 1886 | 1887 | ► |►►

Heads of State · Elections · Necrology · Music Year · Sports Year

 Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

1883
The Brooklyn Bridge in New York City opens.
The first Orient Express starts in Paris .	The eruption of the Indonesian volcano Krakatau kills around 36,000 people.
William Frederick Cody performs his Wild West show for the first time.
1883 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1331/32 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1875/76 (September 11-12)
Baha'i calendar	39/40 (March 20/21)
Bengali solar calendar	1288/89 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar	2426/27 (southern Buddhism); 2425/26 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	76th (77th) cycle Year of the Water Sheep癸未 ( at the beginning of the year Water Horse 壬午)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	1245/46 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	4216/17 (October 2-3)
Iranian calendar	1261/62 (around March 21)
Islamic calendar	1300/01 (November 1st / 2nd)
Japanese calendar	Meiji 16 ( 明治 16 年 ); Koki 2543
Jewish calendar	5643/44 (October 1-2)
Coptic calendar	1599/1600 (September 11-12)
Malayalam calendar	1058/59
Rumi Calendar (Ottoman Empire)	1298/99 (March 1)
Seleucid era	Babylon: 2193/94 (turn of the year April) Syria: 2194/95 (New Year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1939/40 (April)

Events

Politics and world events

Africa

• January 19 : As part of the rebellion against Egyptian rule in the Sudan provinces , Muhammad Ahmad's armed forces take the city of Al-Ubayyid after a four-month siege .
• November 3 to 5 : A Mahdist army defeats an Egyptian army in the Battle of Sheican .

Europe

• January 1 : Louis Ruchonnet becomes President of Switzerland .
• June 15 : As part of Bismarck's social legislation, the German Reichstag passes the law on health insurance for workers . The health insurance is a compulsory insurance .
• August 3 : Jews accused of alleged ritual murder in Szabolcs County are acquitted in court. The Tiszaeszlár affair, portrayed in agitation , becomes the starting point for anti-Semitism in Hungary .
• September 28th : The Niederwald monument is inaugurated. An assassination attempt on Kaiser Wilhelm I and the assembled princes fails.
• October 30 : Romania joins the Triple Alliance .

America

• October 20 : The Treaty of Ancón ends the saltpeter war between Chile and Peru .
• Chile subjugates the Mapuche and annexes their territory.

Asia

National flag of the Joseon Dynasty

• March 6 : King Gojong proclaimed the Taegeukgi to be the first national flag of Korea .

economy

Money economy

• January 12th : Georg Coch founds the kk Postsparcassenamt (today's Bawag PSK ) in Austria and introduces the world's first postal check .
• February 13th : The Deutsche Reichsbank sets up clearing houses in the larger cities of Germany to make it easier for the banks to settle their mutual claims.

Patents

• May 8 : Moritz Honigmann receives a patent for the fireless soda locomotive .
• September 4th : The inventor Emil Berliner receives a patent for a type of parquet design in the United States .

Business start-ups

• January 17th : Ludwig Fredholm and Jonas Wenström found Elektriska Aktiebolaget in Stockholm . The corporation is after mergers the forerunner of Electrical Engineering - group Asea Brown Boveri (ABB) .
• April 21 : The brothers Carl and Adolf Vorwerk found the Barmer Teppichwerke Vorwerk & Co in Barmen . With looms and weavers from England, the production of woven carpets with imitated motifs of oriental knotted carpets starts.

The Löwenbräukeller around 1888,
the gazebo

• June 14 : The Löwenbräukeller , built according to plans by Albert Schmidt , opens in Munich .
• June 28 : The Santa Radegonda power plant in Milan, the first thermal power plant in continental Europe to transfer the electrical energy generated to an electrical distribution network and sell it to several customers, goes into operation.

traffic

• April 27 : The Altona-Kaltenkirchener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft receives the royal license to establish it.
• June 5th : The first Orient-Express starts from the Paris Ostbahnhof for the journey to Varna on the Black Sea , where travelers can take a ship to Constantinople .
• October 4th : The official inauguration of the Orient-Express - after the first train departure on June 5th - begins at Gare de l'Est station in Paris . The initiating Belgian travel company Georges Nagelmackers has also invited journalists. As a result, his company Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits , which operates sleeping and dining cars , benefits from reports on the trip.

Others

• April 5 : From the established court to arbitrate domestic and transnational disputes within London, the world-wide operating court of arbitration, the London Court of International Arbitration , grows .

• The first Swiss national exhibition is held in Zurich .

science and technology

astronomy

• August 30 : Edward Barnard discovers the galaxy known as NGC 1255 in the chemical furnace constellation .
• October 2 : Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan finds the galaxy NGC 22 in the constellation Pegasus .
• October 4th : Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan notices the galaxy cataloged as NGC 149 in the constellation Andromeda .
• October 6th : Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan discovers the galaxies NGC 181 , NGC 183 and NGC 184, later named in the constellation Andromeda .
• October 8 : Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan tracks down the galaxy NGC 62 in the constellation Whale .

Criminology and medicine

• February 20 : Alphonse Bertillon uses a system he developed to identify a criminal based on the size of the relapsed person.

• Robert Koch , together with Fischer and Georg Gaffky, isolated the cholera pathogen from the intestines of deceased patients.

Other scientific and technical events

• May 24 : The Brooklyn Bridge opens under the name East River Bridge between Manhattan and Brooklyn in New York City .

• Film history : Étienne-Jules Marey developed the chronophotographic shotgun , which allowed objects to be aimed at and photographed in space.
• The world's first electrical engineering course is set up at the Technical University of Darmstadt .

Culture

Visual arts

• October 20 : The Aachen Museum Association opens the Suermondt Museum , donated by entrepreneur and art patron Barthold Suermondt , in the Alte Redoute in Aachen .
• October 28 : The artist group Société des Vingt is founded in Brussels .

literature

Title of the first edition of the later so-called "First Part"

• The first part of Friedrich Nietzsche's poetic and philosophical work Also sprach Zarathustra appears.
• Conrad Ferdinand Meyer publishes his novella The Suffering of a Boy under the title: Julian Boufflers. The suffering of a child in the weekly Schores Familienblatt .
• The princess and Curdie

Music and theater

→ Main article : Music year 1883

• February 16 : The world premiere of the opera The Prisoner in the Caucasus by César Cui takes place at the Mariinsky Theater in Saint Petersburg.
• March 17 : The drama Dejanice of Alfredo Catalani is at Teatro alla Scala di Milano premiered in Milan.
• April 14 : The opera Lakmé by Léo Delibes with the libretto by Edmond Gondinet based on the novel Rarahu ou Le Mariage de Loti by Pierre Loti experienced at the Paris Opéra-Comique its premiere .

Illustration for the premiere of Henry VIII

• May 5 : The opera Henry VIII by Camille Saint-Saëns with a libretto by Pierre-Léonce Détroyat and Paul-Armand Silvestre based on Pedro Calderón de la Barca's historical drama La cisma de Ingalaterra is premiered at the Grand Opéra Paris .
• October 3rd : The operetta One Night in Venice by Johann Strauss (son) is premiered at the New Friedrich-Wilhelmstädtisches Theater in Berlin . The Viennese operetta of the golden era with the texts by Friedrich Zell and Richard Genée fails with audience and critics alike. Only a revised version, which premieres in the Theater an der Wien on October 9th , is successful.
• October 22 : The newly built Metropolitan Opera on Broadway in New York City is the opera Faust by Charles Gounod opened.

• The London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art emerges from the merger of several institutions .
• César Franck : Psalm 150

Others

• May 19 : William Frederick Cody , better known as Buffalo Bill , first performed his Wild West show in Omaha , Nebraska , and then went on tour .

• The American surgeon George Howard Monks invents the game Halma .
• Opening of the Reformation History Museum " Lutherhaus " in Wittenberg .

society

• April 24th : The Bavarian King Ludwig II elevates the spa town of Kissingen to the status of a royal Bavarian "state spa ".
• April 27th : The Royal Red Cross is launched by Queen Victoria as a military award for merit in nursing.

Disasters

• January 19 : The German passenger steamer Cimbria sinks after a collision near Borkum , killing 437 people.
• July 28 : An earthquake on Ischia destroys 1,200 houses in Casamicciola Terme and Lacco Ameno and kills 2,000.
• August 27th : The Indonesian volcano Krakatau erupts. A tsunami follows with 40 meter high waves within a radius of 80 km. In total there are about 36,000 dead.
• September 2 : Between 39 and 70 people are killed in the Steglitz railway accident.
• November: The steamers 'Rhone' and 'Cygne' collide on Lake Geneva , 14 people lose their lives.

nature and environment

• August 12th : The world's last specimen of the quaggas , an atypically colored subspecies of the plains zebra, dies in the Artis Zoo in Amsterdam .

Sports

→ Main article : Sports year 1883

• March 18 : The first German rowing association is founded in Cologne .
• February 24th : The Wiener Cyclisten Club , the oldest sports club in Austria, is founded as a pure cycling club.
• April 26th to June 23rd : Johannes Hermann Zukertort wins ahead of Wilhelm Steinitz at the busy chess tournament in London . The two players fight three years later for the world chess championship .
• July 24 : While attempting to swim the Whirlpool Rapids of the Niagara River for £ 12,000 prize money , Matthew Webb is dragged down by a whirlpool . His body is found four days later. Around eight years earlier, Webb was the first to swim the English Channel without aids.

• The Philadelphia Quakers baseball team is formed.

Born

January

• 0January 1 : Alberto Barberis , Italian football player and lawyer († 1976 )
• 0January 1 : William Joseph Donovan , American secret service employee († 1959 )

Clement Attlee, 1945

• 0January 3 : Clement Attlee , British Prime Minister from 1945 to 1951 († 1967 )
• 0January 3 : Sylvie , French actress († 1970 )
• 0January 4 : Max Eastman , American writer († 1969 )
• 0January 5 : Döme Sztójay , Hungarian military and politician († 1946 )
• 0January 6 : Khalil Gibran , Lebanese artist and poet († 1931 )
• 0January 6 : Friedrich Pfister , German philologist († 1967 )
• 0January 8 : Edwin Arthur Kraft , American organist and composer († 1962 )
• 0January 8 : Hugo Prinz , German ancient historian († 1934 )
• 0January 9 : William Garbutt , English football player and coach († 1964 )
• January 10 : Alfred Saalwächter , German admiral († 1945 )
• January 10 : Alexei Nikolajewitsch Tolstoy , Russian writer († 1945 )
• January 11th : Carlo Maffeis , Italian motorcycle racer († 1921 )
• January 11 : Jacob Picard , German poet († 1967 )
• January 12 : Wilhelm Groß , German artist and preacher († 1974 )
• January 12th : Gustav Otto , German aircraft manufacturer († 1926 )
• January 13 : Nate Cartmell , American athlete and Olympic participant († 1967 )
• January 13 : Friedrich Klinge , German politician († 1949 )
• January 15 : Heinrich Roman Abt , Swiss politician († 1942 )
• January 15 : Carlo Colombi , Swiss engineer and university professor († 1966 )
• January 18 : Edith Andreae , German Salonnière († 1952 )
• January 18 : George Oliver , American golfer († 1965 )
• January 19 : Hermann Abendroth , German conductor († 1956 )
• January 20 : Bertram Ramsay , British admiral († 1945 )
• January 21 : Olav Aukrust , Norwegian poet († 1929 )
• January 21 : James H. Duff , American politician († 1969 )
• January 25 : Homer Bone , American lawyer and politician († 1970 )
• January 26 : Kees Bekker , Dutch football player († 1964 )
• January 26 : Hans Georg von Mackensen , German State Secretary and Ambassador († 1947 )
• January 27 : Bernhard Aschner , Austrian physiologist and doctor († 1960 )
• January 27 : Gottfried Feder , German economic theorist and politician of the NSDAP († 1941 )
• January 27 : Bok de Korver , Dutch football player († 1957 )
• January 28 : Otto Ostrowski , German politician († 1963 )
• January 29 : Charles Méré , French writer († 1970 )
• January 30th : Hildegard Burjan , founder of the German order and politician († 1933 )
• January 31 : Paul Hennicke , German Nazi politician, SS group leader († 1967 )
• January 31 : Oskar von Hindenburg , German military, son of Paul von Hindenburg († 1960 )
• January 31 : Hermann Höpker-Aschoff , German politician and President of the Constitutional Court († 1954 )

February

• 0February 2 : Mikhail Gnessin , Russian composer († 1957 )
• 0February 2 : Adolf Helbok , Austrian historian and folklorist († 1968 )
• 0February 2 : Hugo Wolfgang Philipp , German writer († 1969 )
• 0February 4 : Mary Achenbach , British-German painter († 1975 )
• 0February 4 : George Kennedy Allen Bell , Anglican Bishop († 1958 )
• 0February 5 : Teddy Tetzlaff , American automobile racing driver († 1929 )
• 0February 6 : Dmitri Pawlowitsch Grigorowitsch , Soviet aircraft designer († 1938 )
• 0February 6 : Frederick Hulford , British athlete († 1976 )
• 0February 6 : Carl Arthur Richter , Swiss composer and conductor († 1957 )
• 0February 7 : Eric Temple Bell , Scottish-American mathematician († 1960 )
• 0February 8 : Gregori Aminoff , Swedish artist († 1947 )
• 0February 8 : Joseph Schumpeter , Austrian economist and widely read author († 1950 )
• 0February 9 : Fritz August Breuhaus de Groot , German architect and designer († 1960 )
• 0February 9 : Fritz Windgassen , German singer (tenor) († 1963 )
• February 11 : Brigitte Adolphsen , German writer († 1968 )
• February 11 : Arthur Grimm , German painter († 1948 )
• February 12 : Alexandra Ramm-Pfemfert , German-Russian translator, publicist and gallery owner († 1963 )
• February 14 : Heinrich Wienken , Bishop of the Diocese of Meißen († 1961 )
• February 15 : Fritz Gerlich , German journalist and historian († 1934 )
• February 15 : Sax Rohmer , English crime writer and esotericist († 1959 )
• February 19 : Hugo Atzwanger , Austrian painter, graphic artist, photographer and folklorist († 1960 )
• February 20 : Lucie Höflich , German actress († 1956 )
• February 23 : Adolf II , Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe († 1936 )
• February 23 : Ludwig Bergsträsser , German politician († 1960 )

Karl Jaspers

• February 23 : Karl Jaspers , German philosopher and psychiatrist († 1969 )
• February 23 : Otto Nuschke , German politician and Deputy Prime Minister of the GDR († 1957 )

Karl Stanka

• January 23 : Karl Stanka , German painter, draftsman and chronicler († 1947 )
• February 24th : Amleto Giovanni Cicognani , Italian Cardinal Secretary of State of the Catholic Church († 1973 )
• February 26 : Frederik Muller Jzn. , Dutch classical philologist († 1944 )

March

• 0March 2 : Nikos Kazantzakis , Greek writer († 1957 )
• 0March 3 : Cyril Burt , British psychologist († 1971 )
• 0March 4 : JR Tremblay , Canadian actor and author († 1959 )
• 0March 5 : Hans Adam , German naval officer († 1948 )
• 0March 5 : Marius Barbeau , Canadian anthropologist, ethnologist and folklore researcher († 1969 )
• 0March 5 : Otto Schmitz , German lawyer and politician († 1942 )
• 0March 7th : Année Rinzes de Jong , Dutch pastor and anarchist († 1970 )
• 0March 8 : Adolf Köster , German politician and diplomat († 1930 )
• 0March 9 : Umberto Saba , Italian poet and writer († 1957 )
• March 11 : Paul Levi , German lawyer and politician († 1930 )
• March 12 : Oskar Wackerzapp , German politician († 1965 )
• March 13 : Takamura Kōtarō , Japanese poet, essayist and sculptor († 1956 )
• March 13 : Mehmed Spaho , Yugoslav politician († 1939 )
• March 16 : Leopold doctor , Austrian physician († 1955 )
• March 16 : Leo Schwering , German historian, philologist, high school teacher and politician († 1971 )
• March 17th : Johan Bierens de Haan , Dutch bio and ethologist († 1958 )
• March 18 : Chino Shōshō , Japanese Germanist and translator († 1946 )
• March 19 : Josef Matthias Hauer , Austrian composer († 1959 )
• March 19 : Walter Norman Haworth , British chemist († 1950 )
• March 19 : Joseph Stilwell , American general († 1946 )
• March 19 : Gladys Willan , Canadian music teacher and pianist († 1964 )
• March 20 : Martin Karl Hasse , German university professor, composer and music writer († 1960 )
• March 20 : George Wallach , British cross and long distance runner († 1980 )
• March 21 : Karl Pündter , German actor, director, radio play speaker and after 1945 head of the school radio department at NWDR in Hamburg († 1975 )
• March 23 : Basilio Khouri , Syrian Archbishop († 1941 )
• March 23 : Rudolf Nilius , Austrian conductor and composer († 1962 )
• March 27 : Edgar J. Anzola , Venezuelan film producer, radio pioneer, journalist and cartoonist († 1981 )
• March 27 : Felix Daniel Ascher , German architect († 1952 )
• March 28 : Herbert Schlink , Australian physician, hospital manager and winter sports enthusiast († 1962 )

April

• 0April 1 : Karl Arnold , German artist, draftsman of Simplicissimus († 1953 )
• 0April 1 : Lon Chaney , American actor of the silent film era († 1930 )
• 0April 1 : Wladimir Kenig , Polish composer († 1929 )
• 0April 3 : Walter Walker , American politician († 1956 )
• 0April 4 : Josip Mandić , Croatian composer († 1959 )
• 0April 5 : Victor Julius Franz , German zoologist († 1950 )
• 0April 5 : Tan Cheng Lock , Malaysian businessman, founder of the Malaysian Chinese Association († 1960 )
• 0April 6 : Vernon Dalhart , American singer and country musician († 1948 )
• 0April 7 : Gino Severini , Italian painter († 1966 )
• April 12 : Otto Bartning , German architect and architectural theorist († 1959 )
• April 12 : Francis Cadell , Scottish painter († 1937 )
• April 12 : Imogen Cunningham , American photographer († 1976 )
• April 13 : Alexander Alexandrow , Russian composer († 1946 )
• April 15 : Stanley Bruce , Australian politician and Prime Minister († 1967 )
• April 15 : Lucien Molon , French racing car driver († 1957 )
• April 17 : Walter Wilhelm Goetze , German operetta composer († 1961 )
• April 19 : Anton Becker , German politician († 1965 )
• April 19 : Hans Burgeff , German botanist and university professor († 1976 )
• April 19 : Richard von Mises , Austrian mathematician († 1953 )
• April 20 : Hubert Rickelmann , German homeland researcher and author († 1961 )
• April 20 : Georg Wiegner , German agricultural chemist and soil scientist († 1936 )
• April 25 : Semyon Budjonny , Marshal of the Soviet Union, three-time Hero of the Soviet Union († 1973 )
• April 26 : Wilhelm Kattwinkel , German member of the Reichstag († 1953 )
• April 26 : Bruno Neumann , German general and eventing rider († 1943 )
• April 27 : Richard Arnold Bermann , Austrian journalist and travel writer († 1939 )
• April 30th : Hans Breuer , German doctor and hiking bird, publisher of the Zupfgeigenhansl († 1918 )
• April 30 : Jaroslav Hašek , Czech writer († 1923 )
• April 30 : Indalecio Prieto , Spanish politician († 1962 )

May

• 0May 1 : Karel Heijting , Dutch football player († 1951 )
• 0May 2 : Alessandro Cagno , Italian racing driver († 1971 )
• 0May 2 : Otto Weidt , German owner of a workshop for the blind and anti-Nazi opponent, Righteous Among the Nations († 1947 )
• 0May 5 : Georg Achtelstetter , German painter and writer († 1973 )
• 0May 5 : Petar Konjović , Serbian composer, music teacher and musicologist († 1970 )
• 0May 5 : Rudolf Spielmann , Austrian chess grandmaster († 1942 )
• 0May 9 : Armin Berg , Austrian cabaret artist († 1956 )
• 0May 9 : José Ortega y Gasset , Spanish philosopher, sociologist and essayist († 1955 )
• May 10 : Heinz von Hennig , German chess player († 1947 )
• May 10 : Victor Johnson , British cyclist, Olympic champion and world champion († 1951 )
• May 10 : Eugen Leviné , German communist († 1919 )
• May 11 : Johannes Maria Verweyen , German philosopher († 1945 )
• May 13 : George Nicolas Papanicolaou , Greek-American doctor and pathologist († 1962 )
• May 14 : Karl Barwick , German classical philologist († 1965 )
• May 15 : Maurice Feltin , Archbishop of Paris and Cardinal († 1975 )
• May 15 : Bolesław Fotygo-Folański , Polish actor, opera singer and director († 1954 )
• May 16 : Celâl Bayar , Turkish President († 1986 )
• May 17 : Karl Vesper , German communist and resistance fighter († 1933 )

Walter Gropius, 1919

• May 18 : Walter Gropius , German architect († 1969 )
• May 18 : Theodor Loos , German actor († 1954 )
• May 20 : Faisal I , ruler in Iraq and Syria († 1933 )
• May 20 : Jan Kašpar , Czech engineer and first aircraft designer and pilot in the Czech Republic († 1927 )
• May 23 : Ewald Banse , German geographer and writer († 1953 )

Douglas Fairbanks senior, 1921

• May 23 : Douglas Fairbanks Sr. , American actor († 1939 )
• May 25 : Arthur Catterall , English violinist, conductor and music teacher († 1943 )
• May 26th : Peter Kürten , German sex murderer († 1931 )
• May 28 : George Dyson , English composer († 1964 )
• May 29 : George Alexander Parks , American politician († 1984 )
• May 30 : Riccardo Zandonai , Italian composer († 1944 )
• May 31 : Barry Conners , American actor, playwright and screenwriter († 1933 )

June

• 0June 1 : Alfred Amonn , Austrian economist († 1962 )
• 0June 2 : August Ackermann , Swiss pastor and publicist († 1968 )
• 0June 2 : Henri Stoffel , French racing car driver († 1972 )
• 0June 3 : Josef Ponten , German architect, art historian and writer († 1940 )
• 0June 4 : Hans Ehrenberg , German theologian († 1958 )
• 0June 4 : Adolf Maurer , Swiss theologian and poet († 1976 )
• 0June 5 : John Maynard Keynes , English mathematician and economist († 1946 )
• 0June 7th : Horst Goeldel-Bronikowen , German marksman († unknown)
• 0June 8 : Valentin Appel , German actor and director († 1950 )
• 0June 8 : Alfred Leonhard Tietz , German entrepreneur († 1941 )
• June 10 : Josef Weiger , German Roman Catholic pastor and theologian († 1966 )
• June 14 : Franz Landsberger , German art historian († 1964 )
• June 17 : Johann Wartner , German politician († 1963 )
• June 20 : Hermann Rützler , Austrian photographer and racing car driver († 1960 )
• June 21 : Emil Preetorius , German graphic artist and set designer († 1973 )
• June 24th : Fritz Löhner-Beda , Austrian librettist, songwriter and writer († 1942 )

Victor Franz Hess

• June 24 : Victor Franz Hess , German physicist and Nobel Prize winner († 1964 )
• June 28 : Pierre Laval , French politician († 1945 )
• June 28 : Weiß Ferdl , German (Bavarian) folk singer and actor († 1949 )
• June 30 : Ed Wachter , American basketball player († 1966 )

July

• 0July 2 : Próspero López Buchardo , Argentine composer († 1964 )

Franz Kafka, around 1906

• 0July 3 : Franz Kafka , German-Austrian writer († 1924 )
• 0July 3 : Fried Lübbecke , German art historian († 1965 )
• 0July 4 : Fritz Reiche , German physicist († 1969 )
• 0July 4th : Maximilian Ossejewitsch Steinberg , Russian composer († 1946 )
• 0July 4th : Rube Goldberg , American cartoonist († 1970 )
• 0July 6 : Arnold Kohlschütter , German astrophysicist († 1969 )
• 0July 7th : Albert Clément , French racing driver († 1907 )
• 0July 7th : Eitel Friedrich von Prussia , Prussian major general († 1942 )
• 0July 7 : Toivo Kuula , Finnish composer († 1918 )
• July 10 : Friedrich Flick , German entrepreneur († 1972 )
• July 10 : Johannes Blaskowitz , German Colonel General († 1948 )
• July 10 : Sam Wood , American film director († 1949 )
• July 13 : Kurt Assmann , German naval officer († 1962 )
• July 13 : Peter Feit (later Phra Chenduriyang), Thai composer († 1968 )
• July 14 : Arthur Horace James , American politician († 1973 )
• July 14 : Alexandru Zirra , Romanian composer († 1946 )
• July 15 : Albert Anselmi , Italian-American hit man († 1929 )
• July 16 : Franz Nabl , Austrian writer († 1974 )
• July 17 : James Abbe , American photojournalist and radio presenter († 1973 )
• July 17 : Friedrich Ahlers-Hestermann , German painter and art writer († 1973 )
• July 17 : Bart de Ligt , Dutch theologian, author and anarchist († 1938 )
• July 17 : Mauritz Stiller , Swedish silent film director and discoverer of Greta Garbo († 1928 )
• July 18 : Lev Borisovich Kamenev , Soviet politician († 1936 )
• July 18 : Hermann Baden , President of the Association of Jewish Communities in the GDR († 1962 )
• July 18 : Chiang K'ang-Hu , Chinese politician and literary scholar († 1954 )
• July 19 : Karl Gatermann the Elder , German painter, draftsman and graphic artist († 1959 )
• July 20 : Hans Jauch , German officer and free corps leader († 1965 )
• July 20 : Christian Jensen , German classical philologist and papyrologist († 1940 )
• July 21 : Nat Phillips , Australian theater director, comedian and entertainer († 1932 )
• July 22 : Friedrich Brunstäd , German Protestant theologian and philosopher († 1944 )
• July 22 : Karl Preisendanz , German classical philologist, papyrologist and librarian († 1968 )
• July 24th : Katia Mann , wife of Thomas Mann († 1980 )
• July 25 : Alfredo Casella , Italian composer, musician and music critic († 1947 )
• July 26 : Eberhard Arnold , German theologian, philosopher, educator and publicist († 1935 )
• July 27 : Maeda Yūgure , Japanese lyric poet († 1951 )
• July 27 : Oswald Adolf Erich , German painter and folklorist († 1946 )

Benito Mussolini (around 1940)

• July 29 : Benito Mussolini , fascist dictator of Italy († 1945 )
• July 29 : Henry Bowers , British polar explorer († 1912 )
• July 31 : Erich Heckel , German expressionist painter († 1970 )

August

• 0August 2 : Jonathan Wainwright , American general († 1953 )
• 0August 4th : Karl Caspar , German pilot and entrepreneur († 1954 )
• 0August 4th : René Schickele , French writer († 1940 )
• 0August 6 : Scott Nearing , American environmentalist and writer († 1983 )
• 0August 7th : Arturo Gordon , Chilean painter († 1944 )

Joachim Ringelnatz, before 1925

• 0August 7 : Joachim Ringelnatz , German writer and painter († 1934 )
• 0August 7th : Hans-Caspar von Zobeltitz , German writer and editor († 1940 )
• 0August 8 : Doihara Kenji , Japanese spy († 1948 )
• August 10 : Fernando Cento , Vatican diplomat and cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1973 )
• August 10 : Konrad Kain , Canadian mountaineer († 1934 )
• August 10 : Carlos Lavín , Chilean composer and musicologist († 1962 )
• August 11 : Ernst Stadler , Alsatian poet († 1914 )
• August 11th : Harry Kahn , German journalist, writer, screenwriter and translator († 1970 )
• August 12 : Lorenz Bock , German lawyer and politician († 1948 )
• August 13 : Gustav Zindel , artist from the Bohemian Ore Mountains († 1959 )
• August 15 : Ivan Meštrović , Croatian professor of sculpture († 1962 )
• August 19 : Coco Chanel , French fashion designer († 1971 )
• August 20 : Robert Lehr , German politician († 1956 )
• August 20 : Henry Schricker , American politician († 1966 )
• August 20 : Sergio Tofano , Italian comic artist, writer, director, actor and make-up artist († 1973 )
• August 27 : Josef Miller , German politician († 1964 )
• August 29 : Erich Freiherr Wolff von Gudenberg , German musician and composer († 1955 )
• August 30 : Walter Amstalden , Swiss politician and lawyer († 1966 )
• August 31 : Ramón Fonst , Cuban fencer († 1959 )

September

• 0September 1 : Justin Elie , Haitian composer and pianist († 1931 )
• 0September 2 : Elisabeth Marie of Austria , daughter of Crown Prince Rudolf († 1963 )
• 0September 2 : Rudolf Weigl , Polish biologist and physician († 1957 )
• 0September 3 : Harold DeForest Arnold , American electrical engineer († 1933 )
• 0September 3 : Ernst Pein , German forest nursery entrepreneur († 1962 )
• 0September 5 : Otto Erich Deutsch , Austrian musicologist († 1967 )
• 0September 5 : Oskar Pollak , German-Austrian art historian († 1915 )
• 0September 5 : Mel Sheppard , American athlete and Olympic champion († 1942 )
• 0September 5 : Guy Weitz , Belgian organist and composer († 1970 )
• 0September 6 : Norman Birkett , Deputy British Judge at the Nuremberg Trials († 1962 )
• September 10 : Nerses W. Akinian , Armenian church historian, philologist and Armenian († 1963 )
• September 12 : Gus Cannon , American blues musician († 1979 )
• September 12 : Theodore Christianson , American politician († 1948 )
• September 13 : Hugo Bieber , German journalist and literary historian († 1950 )
• September 13 : LeRoy Samse , American athlete († 1956 )
• September 13 : August Zaleski , Polish diplomat and politician († 1972 )
• September 14 : Martin Dibelius , German theologian († 1947 )
• September 14 : Alexander Meißner , German physicist († 1958 )
• September 16 : Johann Culemeyer , German engineer († 1951 )
• September 17th : Käthe Kruse , German doll maker († 1968 )
• September 17 : William Carlos Williams , American writer and doctor († 1963 )
• September 18 : Saladin Schmitt , German director and theater director († 1951 )
• September 19 : Hjalmar Bergman , Swedish writer († 1931 )
• September 20 : Albrecht Alt , German Protestant theologian († 1956 )
• September 21 : Léopold Jouguet , French racing car driver († unknown)
• September 21 : Hall S. Lusk , American lawyer and politician († 1983 )
• September 23 : Grigori Zinoviev , Russian politician, communist († 1936 )
• September 24 : Frank C. Mars , American entrepreneur († 1934 )
• September 29 : Hans Ankwicz-Kleehoven , Austrian art historian and state librarian († 1962 )
• September 30 : Nora Stanton Blatch Barney , American civil engineer, architect and suffragette († 1971 )
• September 30th : Ernst Hellinger , German mathematician († 1950 )
• September 30 : Bernhard Rust , German politician, Reich Minister for Education, Science and Public Education († 1945 )

October

• 0October 2 : Lesley T. Ashburner , American hurdler († 1950 )
• 0October 2 : Bartholomäus Koßmann , German politician († 1952 )
• 0October 2 : Karl von Terzaghi , Austrian-American founder of soil mechanics († 1963 )
• 0October 3 : Fritz Arnold , German painter († 1921 )
• 0October 3 : Gustav Wilhelm Auler , German economist († 1955 )

Otto Warburg

• 0October 8 : Otto Warburg , German biochemist, doctor and physiologist († 1970 )
• October 11 : Archibald Thompson Davison , American musicologist, music teacher and choir conductor († 1961 )
• October 11 : Wilhelm Hamacher , German politician († 1951 )
• October 13 : Karl Blume , German composer and singer († 1947 )
• October 13 : Frederick Steiwer , American politician († 1939 )
• October 15 : Kurt Arnold Findeisen , German writer († 1963 )
• October 17th : Alexander Sutherland Neill , Scottish reform pedagogue († 1973 )
• October 20 : Hans Andrias Djurhuus , Faroese poet († 1951 )
• October 21 : Fritz Knoll , Austrian botanist and rector of the University of Vienna († 1981 )
• October 22 : Adolf Joffe , Russian-Soviet revolutionary and companion of Leon Trotsky († 1927 )
• October 22 : Hugo Wast , Argentine writer († 1962 )
• October 24 : Walter Buch , Reichsleiter of the NSDAP († 1949 )
• October 24 : Paul Scheurich , German painter, graphic artist and small sculptor († 1945 )
• October 25 : Alexander Yegorov , military leader of the Red Army in the Russian Civil War and Marshal of the Soviet Union († 1939 )
• October 26 : Napoleon Hill , American writer († 1970 )
• October 26 : Paul Pilgrim , American athlete and Olympic champion († 1958 )
• October 26 : Leon R. Taylor , American politician († 1924 )
• October 30 : Karel Gleenewinkel Kamperdijk , Dutch national soccer player († 1975 )
• October 31 : Anthony Wilding , New Zealand tennis player († 1915 )

November

• 0November 1 : Charles Oulmont , French writer († 1984 )
• 0November 2 : Henry Heinemann , German-Dutch tropical medicine specialist († 1958 )
• 0November 2 : Jean-Marie-Rodrigue Villeneuve , Canadian clergyman, Archbishop of Québec and Cardinal († 1947 )
• 0November 2 : João Pernambuco , Brazilian guitarist and composer († 1947 )
• 0November 2 : Theodor Bannier , German politician († unknown)
• 0November 2 : Willem Boerdam , Dutch football player († 1966 )
• 0November 5 : Louis Otten , Dutch football player and medic († 1946 )
• 0November 6 : Joseph Lamb Bodine , American lawyer († 1950 )
• 0November 6 : Giuseppe Fietta , Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal († 1960 )
• 0November 6th : Henri Nibelle , French organist and composer († 1967 )
• 0November 7th : Valerio Valeri , Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal († 1963 )
• 0November 8 : Alexander Fersman , Soviet mineralogist and crystallographer († 1945 )
• 0November 8 : Arnold Bax , English composer († 1953 )
• 0November 9 : Franz Doelle , German musician and composer († 1965 )
• November 10 : Olaf Bull , Norwegian poet († 1933 )
• November 11th : Ernest Ansermet , Swiss conductor († 1969 )
• November 14 : Fritz Arnold , German politician († 1950 )
• November 17 : Henk Robijns , Dutch carom player and world champion († 1959 )
• November 18 : Carl Vinson , American politician († 1981 )
• November 19 : Ned Sparks , Canadian actor († 1957 )
• November 20 : Alcibíades Arosemena , 26th President of Panama († 1958 )
• November 20 : Theodor Roemer , German agricultural scientist († 1951 )
• November 22 : Konrad von Bayern , Bavarian Prince († 1969 )
• November 25 : Franz Aenderl , German politician and writer († 1951 )
• November 26th : Mihály Babits , Hungarian poet, translator and publicist († 1941 )
• November 28 : Eduard Reventlow , Danish diplomat († 1963 )
• November 29 : Dorothee von Velsen , German writer and women's rights activist († 1970 )
• November 29 : Oskar Sillén , Swedish Professor of Business Administration († 1965 )
• November 30 : James Garfield Gardiner , Canadian politician († 1962 )

December

• 0December 2 : Hermann Schaff , German theologian, religious socialist, government director in Kassel († 1959 )
• 0December 3 : Marie von Buddenbrock , German painter and illustrator († 1979 )
• 0December 3 : Anton Webern , Austrian composer († 1945 )
• 0December 4 : Lewis L. Lorwin , American economist and social scientist († 1970 )
• 0December 6 : Kurt Faber , German travel writer († 1929 )
• 0December 8th : Ludwig Berwald , Austrian mathematician of Bohemian origin († 1942 )
• 0December 9 : Alexandros Papagos , Greek politician and head of government († 1955 )
• December 10 : Andrei Januaryevich Wyschinski , Soviet politician, Foreign Minister († 1954 )
• December 10 : Giovanni Messe , Italian general and politician († 1968 )
• December 11th : Arthur Stanley Angwin , British radio pioneer († 1959 )
• December 14 : Manolis Kalomiris , Greek composer († 1962 )
• December 14 : Ueshiba Morihei , Japanese athlete (founder of the martial art Aikidō ) († 1969 )
• December 15 : Gioacchino Armano , Italian football player († 1965 )

Victor Andrés Belaúnde (1920)

• December 15 : Víctor Andrés Belaúnde , Peruvian diplomat, writer and historian († 1966 )
• December 15 : Leonhard Grebe , German physicist († 1967 )
• December 20 : Otakar Hřímalý , Czech composer († 1945 )
• December 22nd : Rudolf Kalvach , Austrian graphic artist († 1932 )
• December 22nd : Edgar Varèse , French-American composer and conductor († 1965 )
• December 23 : Adolf Reinach , German philosopher, phenomenologist and legal theorist († 1917 )
• December 25th : Anne-Dora Arnold , German art and portrait painter († 1971 )
• December 25th : Samuel Hugo Bergman , German-Austrian religious philosopher and Zionist († 1975 )
• December 25 : Walter Friedrich , German biophysicist († 1968 )
• December 25th : Fran Lhotka , Croatian composer († 1962 )
• December 26th : Carl Ahues , German chess player († 1968 )
• December 26 : Maurice Utrillo , French painter († 1955 )
• December 28 : Alfred Wolfenstein , German expressionist poet, playwright and translator († 1945 )
• December 30th : Maurice Bedel , French writer († 1954 )
• December 30th : João Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa , Portuguese military and politician, Prime Minister of Portugal († 1948 )
• December: Black Elk , Indian medicine man († 1950 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Chajim Jehuda Leib Auerbach , Israeli rabbi († 1954 )
• Borghild Bryhn-Langgaard , Norwegian singer and music teacher († 1939 )
• Rem Fowler , British motorcycle racer († 1963 )
• Frank O. King , American cartoonist and comic artist († 1969 )
• Mohammad Sa'ed Maraghei , Iranian politician and two-time Prime Minister († 1973 )
• Abdolhossein Teymurtash , Iranian politician, court minister under Reza Shah Pahlavi († 1933 )

Died

First quarter

• 0January 2 : Samuel Read Anderson , American Brigadier General (* 1804 )
• 0January 8 : Augustin Keller , Swiss politician (* 1805 )
• January 10 : Samuel Mudd , American doctor and politician, alleged co-conspirator in the assassination attempt on Abraham Lincoln (* 1833 )
• January 11 : Jenny Longuet , daughter of Karl Marx (* 1844 )
• January 13 : Josef Kleutgen , German Catholic theologian (* 1811 )
• January 15 : Karl Reimer , German chemist and industrialist (* 1845 )
• January 19 : Georg Ferdinand Howaldt , German goldsmith, sculptor and ore caster (* 1802 )
• January 21 : Carl von Prussia , son of Friedrich Wilhelm III. and Queen Luise (* 1801 )
• January 23 : Gustave Doré , French painter and graphic artist (* 1832 )
• January 24th : Friedrich von Flotow , German composer (* 1812 )
• January 31 : Wilhelm von Lenz , Russian music writer (* 1808 )

• 0February 7 : Tassilo Festetics de Tolna , Austrian officer, most recently general of the cavalry (* 1813 )
• 0February 8 : Mary SB Dana , American writer (* 1810 )
• February 10 : Marshall Jewell , American politician (* 1825 )
• February 11 : Franz von Hauslab , old Austrian general and cartographer (* 1798 )

Richard Wagner, 1871

• February 13 : Richard Wagner , German composer (* 1813 )
• February 14 : Edwin D. Morgan , American politician (* 1811 )
• February 16 : Stephen Hempstead , American politician (* 1812 )
• February 17th : Napoléon Coste , French guitarist of the 19th century, guitar teacher and composer (* 1805 )
• February 20 : Bertrando Spaventa , Italian philosopher (* 1817 )
• February 25 : William Barnett Armson , New Zealand architect, surveyor and engineer
• February 27 : Julius Stern , German music teacher, conductor and composer (* 1820 )
• February 28 : Louis-Adolphe Bertillon , French doctor, anthropologist, statistician and demographer (* 1821 )

• 0March 4 : Alexander Hamilton Stephens , American politician and Vice President of the Confederate States of America (* 1812 )
• 0March 7 : John Richard Green , British priest, historian and geographer (* 1837 )
• March 11 : Alexander Gorchakov , Russian diplomat, foreign minister and chancellor (* 1798 )
• March 13 : Adelbert von Keller , German Germanist and Romanist (* 1812 )

Karl Marx, 1875

• March 14 : Karl Marx , German philosopher, economist and journalist (* 1818 )
• March 24th : Viriato Figueira , Brazilian composer, flautist and saxophonist (* 1851 )
• March 25 : Timothy Otis Howe , American politician (* 1816 )
• March 28 : Lorenz Diefenbach , German writer and linguist (* 1806 )
• March 28 : Gustav Anton Friedrich Langerfeldt , Brunswick lawyer and politician (* 1802 )

Second quarter

• 0April 4 : Christian Hengst , German teacher, founder of the fire service and master builder in Durlach (* 1804 )
• 0April 4 : Peter Cooper , American industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (* 1791 )
• 0April 5 : Louis Friedrich Daniel von Arentsschildt , Hanoverian officer, poet and translator (* 1807 )
• 0April 7 : George Alfred Arney , New Zealand judge (* 1810 )
• April 10 : Emilie Mayer , German composer (* 1812 )
• April 15 : Friedrich Franz II. , Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (* 1823 )
• April 18 : Édouard Albert Roche , French mathematician (* 1820 )
• April 20 : Wilhelm Peters , German naturalist, zoologist, anatomist and explorer (* 1815 )
• April 29 : Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch , German politician (* 1808 )

Edouard Manet

• April 30th : Édouard Manet , French painter (* 1832 )

• 0May 1 : Butrus al-Bustani , Lebanese writer, lecturer, editor and philologist (* 1819 )
• 0May 5th : Eva Gonzalès , French impressionist painter (* 1847 )
• 0May 7 : Gustav Wilhelm Teschner , German composer (* 1800 )
• May 11 : Jost Schiffmann , Swiss painter, museum director and preservationist (* 1822 )
• May 21 : Thomas Alexander Scott , Deputy Secretary of War in the American Civil War (* 1823 )
• May 23 : Ludwig Doll , German Protestant pastor, founder of an orphanage and the Neukirchen Mission (* 1846 )
• May 24th : Gabriel Gustav Valentin , German doctor and physiologist (* 1810 )
• May 26 : Abd el-Kader , Algerian emir and freedom fighter (* 1808 )
• May 29 : Marianne von Oranien-Nassau , Prussian princess (* 1810 )
• May 31 : Georg Achleitner , Austrian lawyer and politician (* 1806 )

• 0June 6 : Heinrich Schröder , German missionary and martyr (* 1850 )
• June 11 : Karl Graedener , German composer (* 1812 )
• June 10 : Atto Vannucci , Italian historian and professor (* 1808 )
• June 14 : Eugene Casserly , American politician (* 1820 )
• June 14 : Charles J. Jenkins , American politician (* 1805 )
• June 18 : George B. Rodney , American politician (* 1803 )
• June 20 : Gustave Aimard , French writer (* 1818 )

Third quarter

• 0July 1 : Manuel Gregorio Tavárez , Puerto Rican composer, pianist and music teacher (* 1843 )
• 0July 2 : Wilhelm Christoph Friedrich Arnold , German lawyer, legal, economic and cultural historian and politician (* 1826 )
• 0July 6 : Abraham Rencher , American politician (* 1798 )
• July 10 : Carl Julius von Abel , Württemberg railway engineer (* 1818 )
• July 19 : Isaac Adams , American inventor (* 1802 )
• July 19 : Tự Đức , fourth emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty (* 1829 )
• July 22nd : Josef Plachutta , German chess player (* 1827 )
• July 24th : Thomas Swann , American politician (* 1809 )
• July 25 : William Nelson Rector Beall , Brigadier General of the Confederate Army in the Civil War (* 1825 )
• July 27 : Montgomery Blair , American politician (* 1813 )
• July 27 : Franz Doppler , Hungarian composer (* 1821 )
• July 26 : William Fenwick Williams , British General and Governor of Gibraltar (* 1800 )
• July 28 : Kazimierz Góralczyk , Polish writer, poet and playwright (* 1823 )
• July 30 : Dục Đức , fifth emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty (* 1852 )

• 0August 4 : August Howaldt , German engineer, designer, inventor, entrepreneur (* 1809 )
• August 19 : Jeremiah S. Black , American politician (* 1810 )
• August 24th : Henri d'Artois , French (titular) king (* 1820 )
• August 25 : Hermann Müller , German botanist, correspondent of Charles Darwin , discovered the coevolution (* 1829 )
• August 27 : Richard La Nicca , Swiss engineer (* 1794 )
• August 31 : Ernst Marno , Austrian explorer of Africa (* 1844 )
• August 31 : Levin Schücking , German writer (* 1814 )

• 0September 3 : Ivan Turgenew , Russian writer (* 1818 )
• 0September 7th : Carl Kuntze , German composer and musician (* 1817 )
• September 13 : Johann August Roderich von Stintzing , German lawyer and legal historian (* 1825 )
• September 15 : Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau , Belgian physicist (* 1801 )
• September 19 : August Siemering , German-American writer, journalist and newspaper publisher (* 1830 )
• September 21 : Conrad Bursian , German philologist and archaeologist (* 1830 )
• September 21 : Wilhelm Clemm , German classical philologist (* 1843 )
• September 22nd : Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch , German (Mecklenburg) archaeologist (* 1801 )
• September 27 : Oswald Heer , Swiss paleontologist, botanist and entomologist (* 1809 )

Fourth Quarter

• October 18 : Reinhard Friedrich von Adelebsen , German politician (* 1826 )
• October 21 : John Nevins Andrews , American travel preacher, Bible theologian, and President of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists (* 1829 )
• October 30 : Robert Volkmann , German composer (* 1815 )

• 0November 7th : Theodore Fitz Randolph , American politician (* 1826 )
• 0November 8 : Karl Friedrich Adler , German politician (* 1828 )
• November 12th : Nathaniel Head , American politician (* 1828 )
• November 15 : Josef Barák , Czech politician, journalist and poet (* 1833 )
• November 19 : Arnold Dietrich Schaefer , German historian (* 1819 )
• November 19 : Carl Wilhelm Siemens , German industrialist (* 1823 )
• November 20 : Augustus C. Dodge , American politician (* 1812 )
• November 21 : Caesar Achatius von Auerswald , German judge and administrative lawyer (* 1818 )
• November 23 : James Broome , American politician (* 1808 )
• November 23 : Johann Gungl , Hungarian-German violinist, composer and conductor (* 1818 )
• November 25th : Ludwig Erk , German folk song researcher and folk song collector (* 1807 )
• November 26th : Sojourner Truth , American abolitionist and women's rights activist (* 1798 )
• November 30th : Hiệp Hòa , sixth emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty (* 1847 )

• 0December 5 : Josef František Hunke , Bohemian composer (* 1802 )
• December 13 : Victor de Laprade , French poet (* 1812 )
• December 22nd : Julius Wilhelm Gintl , Austrian physicist and engineer (* 1804 )
• December 22nd : Ralph Lowe , American politician (* 1805 )
• December 25th : Carl von Noorden , German historian (* 1833 )
• December 29 : Carl Hoffmann (1802–1883), German publisher, printer and bookseller (* 1802 )

Web links

Commons : 1883  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

• At a diving station in Lake Geneva