Leonhard Grebe

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Gravestone of Leonhard Grebe

Leonhard Grebe (born December 15, 1883 in Elberfeld , now Wuppertal , † May 20, 1967 in Bonn ) was a German physicist .

Life

His father was the teacher Friedrich Emanuel Grebe. Leonhard Grebe passed his Abitur in Elberfeld in 1902. He then studied mathematics , physics and geography at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Bonn from 1902 to 1905 . His academic teachers were Alfred Heinrich Bucherer, P. Clemen, Dietzel, Benno (?) Erdmann, Paul Eversheim, Eberhard Gothein, August Hagenbach, Feffter, Jäger, Kaufmann, Heinrich Kayser , Konen, Kortum, Kowalewski, Küstner, Rudolf Otto Sigismund Lischitz , Loeschcke, London, Carl Mönnichmeyer, H. Rauff, Rein, Sachsse, Sell, Eduard Christian Hugo Study and Wentscher.

In 1905 he published his dissertation to obtain the philosophical doctorate with H. Kayser with the title on absorption of the vapors of benzene and some of its derivatives in the ultraviolet . Grebe stood u. a. also in contact with Albert Einstein (see web links below). In April 1919 Albert Einstein suggested to the Bonn physicists Leonard Grebe and Albert Bachem to apply for the support of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics for their investigations into the redshift of the spectral lines in the solar spectrum, which aimed to provide experimental evidence for the general theory of relativity deliver. Grebe was u. a. also the founder of the X-ray research institute at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (1922) and its director (until 1945?). The physicist Arnold Sommerfeld mentions Leonhard Grebe (and others) in his letter to the Nobel Prize Committee, in which he suggests Einstein for that prize. 1951 retirement. In 1952 he was awarded the city of Remscheid's x-ray plaque .

Married to the daughter of the secret mountain councilor Paul Klose (* June 28, 1851 † January 17, 1914), Gerda (* May 16, 1890; † September 2, 1985).

NS functions

In 1932 Grebe was elected President of the German Radiological Society at its 23rd Congress in Dresden. In 1933 he joined the NSDAP . Block leader and head of department in the local group. In 1935 he became associate professor and leader of the Nazi lecturers' association in Bonn.

Important inventions

  • Grebe photograms (redshift)
  • Construction of the first cyclotron in Germany (1937–1942).

Fonts

  • On the absorption of the vapors of benzene and some of its derivatives in the ultraviolet.
  • Spectroscopy. Series: From nature and the spiritual world. Volume 284. Teubner, Leipzig 1910 and 1919.
  • Introduction to the physics of X-rays for doctors. Cohen, Bonn 1921.
  • Introduction to the physics of X-rays for doctors and students. Series: Bonner Röntgenbucher. Volume 1. Cohen, Bonn 1923.
  • Light as wave motion. Series: Handbuch der Physik. Volume 20. Springer, Berlin 1928.
  • Light and matter. Series: Handbuch der Physik. Volume 21. Springer, Berlin 1929.
  • Color photography. Series: Handbook of Scientific and Applied Photography. Volume 8. Springer, Vienna 1929.
  • X-ray dosage tables. Special volumes on radiation therapy. Volume 14. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin 1930 and 1950.

items

  • For displaying geographic maps in cone projection. Mathematische-Naturwissenschaftliche Blatt 2. 1905, pp. 21–22.
  • The radiance of mercury arc lamps. Annals of Physics. 36 (14), 1911, pp. 834-840.
  • Unsprung and structure of ultraviolet water vapor bands lambda = 3064. Annals of Physics. 39 (16), 1912, pp. 1243-1250.
  • with A. Bachem: About the Einstein effect in the gravitational field of the sun. Reports of the German Physical Society in 1919. 21. Vol. 13/14, 1919, pp. 454–464.
  • with A. Bachem: About the Einstein shift in the gravitational field of the sun. Magazine for physics. 3rd vol., 1, 1920, pp. 51-54.
  • with A. Bachem: Einstein's gravitational shift in the solar spectrum of the nitrogen band Lambda 3883 A E. Journal for Physics. 3rd vol., 2, 1920, pp. 415-422.
  • Solar gravity and redshift. Magazine for physics. 4th vol., 1, 1921, pp. 105-109.
  • About the electrical conductivity of solid dielectrics when exposed to X-rays. Journal of Physics A Hadrons and Nuclei. 17 Jg., 1, 1923, pp. 295-300.
  • with L. Kriegesmann: About the energy consumption during ionization of air by X-rays of different wavelengths. Magazine for physics. 1924, pp. 91-94.
  • The world view of physics in the light of modern radiation research. Bremen contributions to natural science. 3, 2, 1936, pp. 26-66.
  • with A. Krost and L. Peukert: Experiments for the physical detection of mitogenic radiation. Radiotherapy. 60, 1937, pp. 575-581.

Letters

  • Grebe to Einstein. April 17, 1919, Archive for the History of the Max Planck Society Berlin-Dahlem (AMPG), Department I, Rep. 34, No. 3.
  • further correspondence Einstein / Grebe. See The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein, Vol. 9, The Berlin Years: Correspondence January 1919 - April 1920 einsteinpapers.press.princeton.edu

Article on Grebe's research

Secondary literature

  • Hans-Paul Höpfner: The University of Bonn in the Third Reich. Academic biographies under National Socialist rule. (= Academica Bonnensia, publications of the archive of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn, Volume 12). Bouvier, Bonn 1999.
  • Ernst Klee: The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2003.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ [Paul] Klose, mine director Grube von der Heydt. (PDF) Digiporta, March 17, 2016, accessed April 22, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Glückauf. Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitung. Volume 50, Issue 4. (PDF) January 24, 1914, accessed on April 22, 2016 .
personal data
SURNAME Grebe, Leonhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist
DATE OF BIRTH December 15, 1883
PLACE OF BIRTH Elberfeld
DATE OF DEATH May 20, 1967
Place of death Bonn