Karl Gatermann the Elder

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Karl Gatermann the Elder (born July 19, 1883 in Mölln / Lauenburg , † February 14, 1959 in Ratzeburg , buried in Mölln) was a German painter , watercolorist , draftsman and graphic artist . He was the uncle of Bruno Gatermann and the painter of the same name Karl Gatermann the Elder. J. , great-uncle of Uwe Gatermann .

Life

On his mother's side, Gatermann came from the Hack family known in Lauenburg, which explains his musicality, as he later set all 82 Fredman's epistles by the Swedish rococo poet Carl Michael Bellman to music for guitar .

After finishing elementary school in Mölln, he completed an apprenticeship as a decorative painter there . Years of traveling from 1901 to 1903 took him to Dessau , Munich and Hesse , after which he studied part-time from 1904 to 1907 at the Lübeck art school under Leo von Lütgendorff . The financial support of the Lübeck doctor and local researcher Rudolf Struck - by illustrating his books The old bourgeois house in Lübeck, Vol. I 1908, Vol. II 1913 - enabled him to study in Munich at the Academy of Fine Arts . There he studied from 1907 to 1914 and became a master student of Hugo von Habermann . He was a member of the Munich artists' association Sema , which was formed from 1911 to 1913 around the painter Paul Klee .

In 1910 he received the First Prize for Painting from the City of Munich for the 2 × 2 m oil painting Das Leben (destroyed in 1942) . In the last three years of study he had his own studio and 50 RM as model money per semester were a very welcome support. During the First World War he met the poet Kurt Erich Meurer in Flanders , and the common Flanders kaleidoscope was created .

From 1919 to 1942 he worked as a freelance artist in Lübeck. He lived and worked first in Beckergrube No. 18, and from 1928 in Breitestr. No. 53. In Lübeck he soon enjoyed the esteem of the museum director Carl Georg Heise . In 1919 he became a co-founder and temporarily vice chairman of the Lübeck Visual Artists Association . In the summer of 1922 he accompanied Rudolf von Laban and his dance group in Gleschendorf , resulting in an expressive cycle of movement studies. In autumn 1922, the first public performance of a Laban's dance poem took place in the Lübeck city theater; She called the swinging temple the poster drawn by Gatermann, a copy of which can be found in Laban's estate in the Leipzig Dance Archive under the number PLK-Laban 29. In 1923 and 1925, two trips to Italy expanded his range, and in 1927 a trip to Holland brought him closer to Rembrandt van Rijn's work . In 1923 and 1925 in Berlin he exhibited his watercolors in Rudolf Wiltschek's galleries, and in Hamburg in 1926 in the Kunsthaus Heumann. Wiltschek carried out an art swap Berlin - London with a London gallery, so that his watercolors were also shown in England and critics in the London Times named Gatermann as one of the best German watercolorists. In the spring of 1928 he exhibited in Berlin at the Paul Cassirer art salon , and Carl Georg Heise as curator involved him with five paintings in an exhibition of Lübeck artists in the Hamburger Kunsthalle . In the same year he made contact with the artists' association Der Große Bär in Ascona and got to know three founding members better, the painters Otto Niemeyer-Holstein , Ernst Frick and Albert Kohler and the writer Werner von der Schulenburg . In 1942 he lost all his belongings in the bombing raid on Lübeck. About 100 oil paintings and 125 watercolors from all creative periods, which he had put back as a kind of pension, were destroyed. With his partner Magdalene Hammerich, he moved to Ratzeburg to his sister Maria Jacobs in Kleine Wallstrasse No. 4. After a stroke, he died in 1959 in the Wilhelm Augusta Hospital in Ratzeburg.

plant

Gatermann found the motifs for his paintings in oils and watercolors as well as for etchings mainly in northern German landscapes and cities. In addition to still lifes and figurative scenes, numerous portraits are also significant. a. by physicist and chemist Marie Curie (Munich 1907), conductor Wilhelm Furtwängler , art dealer Otto Bernheimer , Kapellmeister Julius Kopsch , doctor and local researcher Rudolf Struck , chamber singer Hans-Peter Mainzberg , poet Otto Anthes , theater actor Ernst Albert and his nephew's boy Bruno . The style of painting shows him mainly as a late impressionist , but the works of his early Lübeck time indicate a tendency towards Expressionism , especially those from the 1920s. However, he was not looking for a direct examination of contemporary art movements.

Friendships

Gatermann had friendly connections since his studies in Lübeck and Munich with the painters Albert Aereboe , Hans Bunge-Ottensen , Franz Frankl , Anton Kürmaier and Alfred Mahlau , later in Ratzeburg with the sculptor Karlheinz Goedtke . In the Lübeck artist bar Zur Eule he made good friends a. a. with the writer Otto Anthes , the actress Fita Benkhoff and the journalist and politician Julius Leber , a later victim of July 20, 1944 .

Honor

A special kind of honor was given to the artist in 2000 by his hometown Mölln by naming a street after Karl Gatermann. His grave site in the Old Möllner Friedhof has also been included in the list of important graves for Mölln. a. next to those of Karlheinz Goedtke , Max Ahrens or Uwe Barschel .

Works in museum possession

Fonts (selection)

  • Four travel reports from Italy. In: Lübeck advertisements . ; Trip to Rome in no.149 of March 29, 1923, A Lübeck painter in Rome in no.157, Rome, Florence, Arezzo, Verona in no.173, Tusculum in no.202.
  • Chat about the exhibition: 'Alt-Lübecker Dielen' in the St.-Annen-Museum . Story in: Lübeckische Blätter No. 44, 1928, p. 730 f.
  • This is what happened at Pönitzer See. Story with 3 drawings on August 28, 1934 in: Supplement No. 200 to the Lübecker Volksbote .
  • Changes in art. Story with 2 drawings on February 15, 1936 in: Der Volksbote, 1st year No. 6, Illustrated Sunday paper.
  • My way to art. In: Der Wagen 1954. A Lübeck Yearbook. Pp. 165–167, 1 fig.
  • Breathless chase through the firestorm. In: Helmut von der Lippe (ed.): I'll never forget this night. Lübeck Palmarum 1942 - A city in a hail of bombs. Lübecker Nachrichten GmbH, May 1992. P. 30 f. (Reprint of his description of the events).

literature

  • Rudolf Struck: The old bourgeois house in Lübeck. Publication of the Verein für Heimatschutz in Lübeck, Volume I 1908, 31 drawings and watercolors, text p. 102. Volume II 1913, 18 drawings, text in the foreword p. IV, Verlag Lübcke & Nöhring, Lübeck.
  • Eugen Fink: The staircases in old town houses in the Hanseatic cities of Bremen, Hamburg, Lübeck. 1912. Images from: Rudolf Struck, The old bourgeois house in Lübeck . Publishing house Boysen & Maasch, Hamburg.
  • Conrad Neckels: Israelsdorfer pictures by Karl Gatermann. In: Father-city sheets. No. 11, Lübeck 1920, pp. 41–42 with 3 illustrations.
  • Conrad Neckels: Rudolf v. Laban and his dance group - with three instant drawings by Karl Gatermann. In: Father-city sheets. No. 2, Lübeck 1922, p. 7 f.
  • Rome Landau: Karl Gatermann. In: Deutscher Bote, monthly for literature and art. 33rd Volume, No. 1, Harder Verlag, Hamburg January 1926, pp. 7-11. Distributed in the booklet: 7 illustrations of watercolors from Lübeck, Bremen, Venice and Syracuse, 1 portrait photo.
  • Adolph Donath (ed.): The art wanderer. Born 1922-1923, p. 377 and Born 1925-1926, p. 117.
  • Karl Gatermann the Elder . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 2 : E-J . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1955. P. 207 and Volume 5: Supplements A – G. P. 509, 1961.
  • The homeland mourns Karl Gatermann. In: Lübecker Nachrichten , No. 40, February 17, 1959, with studio and portrait photo.
  • Bruno Schütt, (alias Fritz von der Trave): In memory of Karl Gatermann. In: Father-city sheets. Lübeck 1963, No. 7/8, p. 6, in the text 1 portrait photo from 1957 with beer and cigar.
  • Gustav Lindtke: Old Lübeck city views. In: Lübeck museum books. Issue 7, Lübeck 1968, p. 99.
  • Bernd Gatermann: Karl Gatermann - A life dedicated to art. Kommissionsverlag Weiland, Lübeck 1973, 44 pages, 5 illustrations, 4 of them in color.
  • Wulf Schadendorf : Museum Behnhaus. The house and its rooms. Painting, sculpture, handicrafts (= Lübeck museum catalogs 3). 2nd expanded and changed edition. Museum for Art a. Cultural history d. Hanseatic City, Lübeck 1976, p. 59.
  • Horst Hannemann: Memory of Karl Gatermann (1883–1959): More than a painter of the Holstein landscape. In: Lübeckische Blätter. June 11, 1983, No. 12, pp. 185 f., 3 illustrations of watercolors from Lübeck and Rome.
  • Bernd Gatermann: Karl Gatermann 100 years. In: Father-city sheets. Lübeck 1983, No. 3, p. 36 f., 3 ills.
  • Björn R. Kommer : The Buddenbrookhaus, Reality and Poetry. Museum for Art and Cultural History of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck, 1983, exhibition in the St. Annen Museum Lübeck, ISBN 3-9800517-2-2 , pp. 72, 84, 118.
  • HÖRZU: Original and forgery section. TV newspaper issue 46, November 9, 1984.
  • Bernd Gatermann, Peter Guttkuhn: To the owl. Memories of an artist's pub in Lübeck . In: The car. A Lübeck yearbook . Lübeck, 1986, ISSN  0933-484X , DNB  012790451 , p. 176-183 .
  • Horst Hannemann: Gatermann, Karl. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Neumünster 1987, Volume 8, p. 148 ff., Also in: Alken Bruns (Hrsg.): Lübecker CVs from nine centuries. Neumünster 1993, p. 141 ff.
  • Thomas Illmaier: Visions of the Last Impressionist. In: Der Weg, Evangelical weekly newspaper for the Rhineland. 44/1997, p. 10 ( philosophia-online.com ).
  • Thomas Illmaier: World of the Senses. Karl Gatermann and the world of impressionism. In: Bergische Blätter. Wuppertal, 3/1998, p. 26 ( philosophia-online.com ).
  • General artist lexicon . Volume 50: Gaspare – Geesink. KG Saur, Munich / Leipzig 2006, p. 103 f.
  • Klaus J. Dorsch: SEHENS-WERTES, catalog of the district museum Duchy of Lauenburg in the manor house of Ratzeburg, 2006, Karl Gatermann (1883–1959) p. 106 ff. With 5 ills.
  • ArtProfil, magazine for contemporary art: Karl Gatermann and Otto Pippel. Issue 3/2007, p. 13 f. with 4 fig.
  • Melancholy and departure. North German art between 1890 and 1970, catalog of the exhibitions in 2007 in the Richard Haizmann Museum Niebüll and in 2008 in the Ernst Barlach Foundation Güstrow, Karl Gatermann. Verlag der Kunst, ISBN 978-3-86530-093-5 , pp. 63, 98.
  • Bernd Gatermann, Peter-Alexander Hanke: Melodies by Karl Gatermann d. Ä. to Fredman's Epistles by CM Bellman. Self-published, Ratzeburg 2008, 154 pages, 11 illustrations, 6 of them in color.
  • Jens Ahlers among others: Nationwide. New acquisitions from the regional history collection from 25 years. Schleswig-Holsteinische Landesbibliothek Kiel, exhibition catalog 2009, ISBN 978-3-941713-03-1 , p. 210 Watercolor by Karl Gatermann the Elder. Ä. Forest landscape 1924.
  • Wolfram Kummer: Rudolf von Laban and Karl Gatermann in Klingberg. A cultural and historical encounter. In: Jahrbuch für Heimatkunde. Eutin 2010, pp. 234-241.
  • Bernd Gatermann: Karl Gatermann d. Ä. - Facets of an eventful artist's life. In: Der Wagen 2010. Lübeck contributions to culture and society. Pp. 147–161 with 19 color illustrations.
  • Peter-Alexander Hanke, Bernd Gatermann: The painter Karl Gatermann d. Ä., Life and work. Self-published, Ratzeburg 2005, 726 pages, 427 illustrations, 174 of them in color. - The 2nd revised and supplemented edition 2011 contains 802 pages 477 illustrations, 199 of them in color.
  • Alexander Bastek , Anna Marie Pfäfflin: Thomas Mann and the fine arts. Michael Imhof Verlag 2014. Catalog for the exhibition in the Museum Behnhaus Drägerhaus and Buddenbrookhaus Lübeck. ISBN 978-3-7319-0101-3 , pp. 82, 95, 339.
  • Alexander Bastek, Jacob Helbo Jensen: Møder / Encounters, German and Danish painting 1860–1960. Michael Imhof Verlag 2016. Bilingual catalog of the exhibition in the Danish Fuglsang Art Museum on the island of Lolland and in the Museum Behnhaus Drägerhaus Lübeck. ISBN 978-3-7319-0385-7 , p. 44 f. and 167.
  • Oliver Zybok : All of them. Artists in the Overbeck Society Lübeck 1918–2018. Exhibition catalog, Kerber Verlag, Bielefeld, ISBN 978-3-7356-0556-6 , pp. 72 and 460.
  • Heiko Jäckstein: Gothmund artists' colony . In: Lübeck contributions to family history and heraldry. Volume 69, 2019, ISSN  2366-1240 , p. 230 ff. ( Kuenstlerkolonie-gothmund.de ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Differences in the signatures of the two painters Karl Gatermann
  2. ↑ 03428 Karl Gatermann, register book 1884-1920
  3. ^ Oscar Gehring: The spring exhibition of the Munich Secession 1913. In: The Christian art . IX. Born 1912–1913, p. 259 f., Gatermann was involved with the painting Sehnsucht , also year 8 1911–1912, p. 226
  4. ↑ Flanders kaleidoscope
  5. ↑ Abram B. Enns : Art and Citizenship. The controversial twenties in Lübeck. Christians / Weiland, Hamburg / Lübeck 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0571-8 , p. 278 f.
personal data
SURNAME Gatermann, Karl the Elder
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gatermann, Karl (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter, draftsman and graphic artist
DATE OF BIRTH July 19, 1883
PLACE OF BIRTH Mölln
DATE OF DEATH February 14, 1959
Place of death Ratzeburg