Willibald Leo von Lütgendorff-Leinburg

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Willibald Leo von Lütgendorff-Leinburg

Willibald Leo Freiherr von Lütgendorff-Leinburg (* July 8, 1856 in Augsburg ; † December 31, 1937 in Weimar ) was a German history and genre painter , art educator and art historian of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, who from 1901 in Lübeck also worked as the museum director of a department of the Museum am Dom .

Life

origin

Willibald Leo von Lütgendorff-Leinburg was the son of the Germanist and translator of the Tegnér'schen Frithjofssage Otto Gottfried von Lütgendorff-Leinburg and his first wife, the youthful writer Maria von Andechs (Anna Maria (Fanny), née Schüler, called v. Andechs , * August 20, 1836 in Aschaffenburg ; † August 15, 1867 in Preßburg).

career

He spent his childhood in Pressburg . Pressburg would later remain closely linked to his art. His city ​​theater is adorned with four paintings that the 29-year-old painter executed as the winner of a competition.

The talent of his grandfather Ferdinand von Lütgendorff-Leinburg , a well-known painter and engraver , had passed on to his grandson. After he attended the Maximiliansgymnasium in Munich , he devoted himself to the Munich Academy under the history painters Carl von Piloty , Alexander von Liezen-Mayer and under August Eisenmenger at the Vienna Academy of Painting . In 1880 he received a prize at the art exhibition in Budapest . After completing his mission in Pressburg, he painted in 1886 in churches in the Allgäu and Leipzig, but also in Kiel and Schwerin . When he became aware of him, City Planning Director Adolf Schwiening invited him to Lübeck in 1889 to paint the admiral's room in the Ratskeller .

The by mercenary under the barrel set monk and the mercenaries with their funny Lübeck's Sange "just El Bottermilk / Tein El Klümp, / And if de Schor besapen sin, / Because danzt we up de Strümp." All the wine-loving droll figures they were reminiscent of Eduard von Grützner's figures and were of a really lovely character. Above all, however, it was the impressive structure of the Germania in front of the town hall gable and the giant family tree of the Luebian admirals that gave the pictures the big draw .

North front of the town hall with the pictures of the councilors (1891)

The applause that Lütgendorff's first work found in the Hanseatic city soon called the artist back to Lübeck to paint the emperors and the Lübeck councilors and the chroniclers on the north facade of the town hall . The 22 portraits of outstanding Lübeck mayors created there since the Middle Ages fell victim to the flames and the heat after the air raid on Lübeck on March 29, 1942 and could not be restored. At the same time he also carried out larger decorative paintings in Kiel.

In 1890 the room called rose in the council cellar in Lübeck was painted . For the illustration, Lütgendorff was inspired by Emanuel Geibel's Kneiplied Lob der noble Musika ( Ein lust'ger Musikante ). In the same year von Lütgendorff settled in Lübeck. He settled in so well that he was soon regarded as a thorough expert on history, culture, customs and the ancient language of Lübeck. He became the historian of the Lübeck painters 'office and painters' guild from 1425 to 1925, or wrote the history of the sponsoring company. Most of his works appeared in the Lübeckische advertisements , of which he was editor for a while, and in their father-city papers . He had collected chapters from old Lübeck under the title "Lübecker Bilderbogen".

In addition to his historical knowledge, with which he rendered valuable services to the city ​​archive , and his extensive knowledge of art history , v. Lütgendorff is a particular expert on violin making . With the knowledge you gained on site in Mittenwald , he wrote the standard work “The violin and lute makers from the Middle Ages to the present” , published in 1904 . He founded the collection of historical musical instruments that is now in the St. Anne's Museum . In addition, he had a special love for watchmaking, on which he wrote a comprehensive work in 1926.

Painting school in the house on the horse market / corner of Kapitelstraße

In 1890 v. Lüttgendorf the art school and worked at the trade school since 1892 . His art school finally found permanent residence in the cathedral district and played a decisive role in shaping Lübeck's art life for around fifty years. The former cathedral curia on the corner of Kapitelstrasse had been the home of the art historian Karl Friedrich von Rumohr 100 years earlier . Karl Gatermann the Elder , Erich Klahn and many others were among his students, whom he prepared for the visit to the art academy . He also trained artisans from Lübeck who were interested in art, such as master glazier Carl Berkentien, who did a lot of work for many stained glass windows in Lübeck churches, especially St. Marien . Almost all visual artists who emerged from Lübeck owe this to his leadership. His knowledge of human nature enabled the teacher to be particularly empathetic.

v. Lütgendorff belonged to the Overbeck circle and was one of the pioneers of the reorientation towards him in word and writing. He made sure that Lübeck received a large number of Overbeck's paintings and drawings.

Cathedral Museum in Lübeck, around 1900
Cathedral Museum after the air raid in 1942

From 1896 v. Lütgendorff in the art collection of 1,890 newly built museum at the cathedral hired, was organized by the non-profit Society for the transport activity in 1901 in the wake of Theodor Hach appointed head of their paintings and art collection including plaster casts, 1902 curator , took over in 1919 as chairman of the "Community Lübeck painter and sculptor ”and was appointed director in 1923. The art historian worked at a time when the processing of medieval art treasures on Rumohr's initiative and implemented by Carl Julius Milde as a pioneer of cultural property maintenance, following the work of Adolph Goldschmidt (1889), also experienced an increasingly broader international scientific processing. As head of the painting collection of the non-profit society , a focus of Lütgendorff's work was also on the Nazarenes Friedrich Overbeck and his brother-in-law Theodor Rehbenitz , whose works he added to the Lübeck collection with donations from local patrons. He was the managing director of the first art exhibitions of the Kunstverein in the Katharinenkirche and initiated the first Lübeck arts and crafts exhibitions. His work as custodian of this collection came under fire outside of Lübeck even before the First World War . The criticism increased throughout Germany after the war. The key point was roughly that the collection of paintings was so bad that it was not even accessible to criticism. This eventually led to the collection being dissolved. Several hundred pictures below gallery level were sold on the art market, the higher quality pieces were taken over by the museum director Carl Georg Heise in the collection of the Behnhaus , who knew how to build up a collection appropriate to the city, taking into account the trends of the time. In addition to his commitment to the Nazarenes and the Nazarenes successor Milde, v. Lütgendorff the basis of the collection of paintings by the Lübeck painter Gotthardt Kuehl , which are now also in the collection of the Behnhaus.

(first) Brunswick lion in the garden of the museum

At his request, Otto Mantzel worked out a free copy of about ¾ the original size of the Braunschweig lion from an artificial basalt block . Consequently it was to be regarded as an original work piece. The pedestal was made of artificial Odenwald sandstone . The unveiling took place on October 9, 1930 at the point in the museum garden that Henry the Lion was likely to have entered first when the cathedral was founded on the wooded hill near the Trave. During the celebration, the memorial was presented to the director of the non-profit society , Dr. Ihde , passed. The memorial was destroyed in 1942 . In 1975 the Elfriede Dräger Memorial Foundation donated a new copy of the lion and placed it not far from the original location on the other side of the cathedral . However, since there is no reference to the Lübeck previous version on it, this is almost unknown today.

At the end of 1937 he traveled to his family in Weimar, where he died of complications from pneumonia.

Awards and honors

Grave site at the Burgtorfriedhof in Lübeck
  • 1905: The Senate awarded the head of the new art school the title of professor for his “services to the artistic and scientific life of Lübeck”
  • 1926: On the occasion of his 70th birthday, a big ceremony was held on his morning in the Haus der Gemeinnützige at which the Senate , the citizenship, the city archive, the non-profit society and its subsidiaries, the high school authority and schools, the Chamber of Commerce, Lübeck art societies and foreign art societies, friends and students were represented. In the evening there was a feast in the Ratskeller.
  • The city of Lübeck granted him a grave of honor in the Lübeck Burgtorfriedhof
  • 1938: Before the cathedral museum instead of the newly built Museum of Nature and the Environment Lubeck in 1938 a park on the corner of the mill pond Mühlendamm / Musterbahn as Lütgendorff Park named

Well-known pupils of Lütgendorff

Works (selection)

painting

Still life
Last supper
  • Last Supper (1904)
  • Still life (1874)
  • Finding the dead body of a martyr
  • Farewell to the Condemned (1880)
  • The rescued flag (Hungarian War of Independence 1848)
  • The victim
  • A wonderful appearance
  • Difficult choice of model
  • A sonata by Haydn (1912)
  • At the antiquarian
  • Flower market in Baden near Vienna
  • Bursprake (1914/15)

30 pictures from Capodistria (today Koper )

Numerous pictures from Lübeck

Fonts

  • (as Willibald Leo): The entire literature of Walther von der Vogelweide: A critical-comparative study on the history of Walther research (1880). Supplemented reprint with a Walther bibliography 1880-1969 by Erich Carlsohn. M. Sendet, Niederwalluf b. Wiesbaden 1971.
  • (as Willibald Leo): Poems by a painter. Schaefer, Munich 1885.
  • Mineral painting and its practical application: new process for the production of weather-resistant wall paintings, unchangeable easel paintings and imitation tapestries. With instructions for the painting technique . Wüst, Munich 1887.
  • Materials on a story of Baron v. Lütgendorff-Leinburg mainly in the XVIII. Century: Provisional notification. (Printed as a manuscript). Book printing of the St. Petersburg Herald , St. Petersburg 1890.
  • Family history, family tree and ancestry sample. Concise guide for family history researchers. 1st edition, Rommel, Frankfurt / M. 1890 ( digitized version , University and State Library Düsseldorf ); 2nd, revised and enlarged edition, W. Keller, Frankfurt / M. 1910 ( digitized version , University and State Library Düsseldorf).
  • The family book of David v. Mandelsloh. A contribution to the nobility history of the 17th century. Publishing house and printing company A.-G. (formerly J. F. Richter), Hamburg 1893 ( digitized version , University and State Library Düsseldorf ).
  • (as Willibald Leo): Lübeck picture sheet: Joke and seriousness from the small life of the old Hanseatic city. Borchers, Lübeck 1897.
  • The works of Lübeck painters in the painting collection of the Museum zu Lübeck. Separate print from The Museum zu Lübeck. Charles Coleman, Lübeck 1900 ( digitized copy from the Bauhaus University Weimar ).
  • The painter and etcher Ferdinand von Lütgendorff 1785–1858. His life and his works. H. Keller, Frankfurt / M. 1906.
  • Nöhring's new guide through Lübeck for locals and foreigners with a special focus on its architectural and art monuments . 8th edition. Nöhring, Lübeck 1907.
  • The porters in Lübeck . (2nd edition) Borchers, Lübeck 1913.
  • The art collections of the Museum zu Lübeck,
  • Volume 1: The collection of plaster casts of classical sculptures in an art-historical arrangement. Borchers, Lübeck (around 1908).
  • Volume 2: Descriptive Directory of the Painting Collection. Borchers, Lübeck 1908.
  • Volume 3: The Overbeck room in the Museum am Dom zu Lübeck: a descriptive directory. Borchers, Lübeck 1915.
  • Carl Julius Milde (Milde Album). Borchers, Lübeck 1919.
  • The violin and lute makers from the Middle Ages to the present day. Keller, Frankfurt 1904 ( digitized in the Internet Archive ); 3rd, expanded edition, Frankfurter Verlags-Anstalt, Frankfurt 1922 (2 volumes; digitized volume 2 in the Internet Archive); Unchanged reprint of the 6th, revised edition, Schneider, Tutzing 1975, ISBN 3-7952-0061-X (with a supplement by Thomas Drescher, 1990, ISBN 3-7952-0616-2 ).
  • Lübeck art and artists. Anniversary contribution to the 700th anniversary of the freedom of the Reich in Lübeck, in: Lübeck - since the middle of the 18th century 1751. Printed and published by Gebr. Borchers GMBH, Lübeck 1926.
  • Lübeck at the time of our grandfathers. Verlag Bernhard Nöhring, printed by Gebr. Borchers, Lübeck 1907 (large format with 64 images).
  • The history of the Lübeck painters 'office and the painters' guild from 1425 to 1925. Borchers, Lübeck 1925.
  • Brief review of the history of Lübeck (history tables) . Lübeck advertisements , Lübeck 1926.
  • The Queen of the Hanseatic League: Pictures from Lübeck's heyday. Coleman, Lübeck 1931.
  • Lübeck at the time of our grandparents (4 volumes). Borchers (from vol. 3: Coleman), Lübeck 1931–1938.
  • Julius Mildness. In: The Car, 1938.

Apparently Lütgendorff's extensive private library was sold through the Kiel antiquarian bookshop Lipsius & Tischer as early as 1930:

  • Library of the museum director W. Leo Freiherr v. Lütgendorff-Leinburg, Lübeck. T. 1. Lipsius & Tischer, Kiel (approx. 1930).

literature

Sources and Notes

  1. Schwiening has just rebuilt the brick -Gothic town hall in the neo-Gothic style.
  2. In addition to the old language of Lübeck, he spoke the new languages Danish , Swedish , Old Icelandic , Italian and Hungarian .
  3. The museum was directly adjacent to Lübeck Cathedral and connected to it and the remains of the old cloister . The neo-Gothic building and large parts of its collections fell victim to the air raid in 1942.
  4. Ulrich Huebner was certainly the best known of the 25 or so members of the “Community of Lübeck Painters and Sculptors” .
  5. ^ Otto Grautoff: Lübeck. The cultural sites series , Volume 9 (with illustrations by Fidus ), Leipzig 1908, pp. 138 ff.
  6. Abram B. Enns: Art and Citizenship. Lübeck 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0571-8 , p. 31 ff.
  7. ^ With Gotthardt Kuehl connected v. Lütgendorff an old friendship.
  8. Monument to Heinrich the Lion, the second founder of Lübeck. In: Lübeckische advertisements , year 1930, no.237, issue of October 10, 1930.
  9. ^ Rubric: Chronicle. In; Urban leaves . Born 1925/26, No. 23, edition of July 25, 1926, p. 98.
  10. Ferdinand Kayser donated the evening meal for the room in the Marienwerkhaus that served as a board room and confirmation room (1904)

Web links

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