Alexander Meissner
Alexander Meißner (sometimes also written with ss) (born September 14, 1883 in Vienna , † January 3, 1958 in Berlin ) was an Austrian physicist . He became known for the development of feedback to generate undamped electromagnetic oscillations and is considered to be the cornerstone of broadcast technology . He is the inventor of the famous Meißner circuit .
Life
Alexander Meißner was born on September 14, 1883 in Vienna, where he attended high school in Döblingen. He then studied mechanical engineering at the Vienna University of Technology (today Vienna University of Technology ). For a short time he was an assistant at this university. He received his doctorate in 1902. At the age of 24 he went to Telefunken in Berlin. As part of his research, he has received numerous honors. Numerous scientific associations made him an honorary member.
Alexander Meißner died on January 3, 1958 at the age of 75 in Berlin. There he is buried in the forest cemetery.
Life's work
Before Meißner's invention, radio frequency for wireless telegraphy could only be generated with machine transmitters ( large radio station Nauen ) or with spark gap transmitters, also known as pop-spark transmitters . These technologies were not suitable for the transmission of speech or music, and the available frequency spectrum was only suitable for operating a few transmitters.
In 1913 Meißner used the feedback principle in such a way that a circuit made of electron tubes could be made to oscillate independently at a certain frequency . The resulting undamped electromagnetic vibrations are the basis for today's communication in radio , radio , television , telephony and information technology , which would be inconceivable without Meissner's invention.
A little later, Edwin Howard Armstrong developed a similar system in New York, which resulted in processes.
The then young company Telefunken gave Meissner the opportunity for research and development in other areas during his almost fifty years of activity as a research assistant. Meißner achieved fundamental knowledge in the antenna sector , frequency stabilization by quartz , but also with thermally conductive insulating materials , precursors of silicones.
Siemens & Halske built according to the results Meissner's a long wave - diathermy , the first medical application of high frequency , which soon spread numerous found.
Honors
- 1922 Dr.-Ing. E. h. of the Technical University of Munich
- 1927 or 1928 honorary professor at the Technical University of Berlin-Charlottenburg
- The highest academic award for the 50th anniversary of the Electrotechnical Institute of the Vienna University of Technology
- 1957 Grand Cross of Merit of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
- 1957 honorary member of the German Physical Society
literature
- Obituary in E and M (electrical engineering and mechanical engineering) , Springer-Verlag Vienna, 75th year, issue 7, 1958.
- Ingrid Ahrens: Meißner, Alexander. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 16, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-428-00197-4 , pp. 695-697 ( digitized version ).
Web links
Single receipts
- ↑ Patent DE291604 : Device for generating electrical vibrations. Registered on April 13, 1913 , inventor: Alexander Meissner ( Online @ DepatisNet ).
- ↑ Patent US1113149 : Wireless Receiving System. Registered on October 29, 1913 , inventor: EH Armstrong.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Meissner, Alexander |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian-German physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 14, 1883 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 3, 1958 |
| Place of death | Berlin |