Lucie politely
Lucie Höflich actually Helene Lucie von Holwede (born February 20, 1883 in Hanover , † October 9, 1956 in Berlin ) was a German actress .
Life
Theater and film work
Her mother was Dora von Holwede, her stepfather and adoptive father Georg Höflich, actor and director at the Berliner Schauspielhaus . Lucie Höflich began her long theater career at the age of 16 at the Theater von Bromberg and came to the Intime Theater of Nuremberg in 1901, and the following year at the Raimund Theater in Vienna . In 1903 she made her debut at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin. She stayed here with a few interruptions until 1932.
During this time she was particularly convincing in naturalistic plays by Gerhart Hauptmann such as Rose Bernd or Henrik Ibsen and Nora . She also gained general recognition as Franziska in Minna von Barnhelm and Gretchen in Faust .
Her film career began in 1913. She never dominated the screen as she did on the theater, but over the decades she played in many important supporting roles. Mostly she played mothers, including in the two propaganda films Der Fuchs von Glenarvon and Ohm Krüger .
In 1933 Höflich left the Deutsches Theater for political reasons and took over the management of the State Drama School in Berlin . From 1936 on she ran her own studio for young actors at the Volksbühne in Berlin . During the Nazi era , she was awarded the title of State Actress in 1937. Until 1940 she gave guest performances as an actress, in particular at the Volksbühne and the Schillertheater . After the war she was Werner Bernhardy's successor and headed the Schwerin State Theater from 1947/48 to 1950 . Then she appeared again on West Berlin stages, including the Hebbel , Schlosspark and Schiller theaters .
She was a member of the 1st People's Council of the Soviet Zone .
Lucie Höflich was married to the art historian Anton Mayer from 1910 until the divorce in 1917 . The actress Ursula Höflich (* 1911) comes from this marriage. After that she was the wife of the actor Emil Jannings for some time . In April 1956, Höflich suffered a severe heart attack on a tour of the Schlossparktheater in Iserlohn , from which, however, she recovered. She died in 1956 at the age of 73 in her Berlin apartment. Posthumously, she was awarded the German Film Prize for Best Supporting Actress in 1957 for her performance as Mrs. Bäumle in the feature film Anastasia, the last Tsar's daughter (1956) .
She found her final resting place in an honorary grave of the city of Berlin in field 7 (grave location: 15–26) of the Berlin cemetery in Dahlem .
The "Polite Case"
In connection with Lucie Höflich's death, a discussion developed about the problem of pensions for stage performers. Lucie Höflich did not have a pension, as the Munich pension fund , which was set up by the German Theater Members' Cooperative (GDBA) , only accepted artists who had not yet reached the age of 45 when compulsory insurance was introduced in 1938. Shortly before Höflich's death, Boleslaw Barlog , director of the West Berlin State Drama Theaters, informed her by letter that her contract would expire on July 31, 1957. After allegations in the press, Barlog said that he had stopped Höflich at his two houses for five years, although the Berlin Court of Auditors had repeatedly warned not to employ such a rarely occurring actress as a permanent member of the ensemble. He also promised the actress that he would continue to employ her under piece contracts . At the time of Höflich's death, the Berlin Senate was planning to introduce an honorary salary for older artists to ensure retirement benefits.
Filmography
- 1913: Gendarme Möbius
- 1919: Free love
- 1919: Maria Magdalena
- 1920: Catherine the Great
- 1920: The slow death
- 1920: The beast in humans
- 1921: The rats
- 1921: seafaring is necessary!
- 1921: The heiress of Tordis
- 1922: Nora
- 1922: A glass of water
- 1923: The lost shoe
- 1923: The street
- 1924: The secret agent
- 1924: Kaddish
- 1925: Götz von Berlichingen named with the iron hand
- 1925: Tartüff (Director: Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau )
- 1925: The House of Lies
- 1925: A waltz dream
- 1926: Only one dancer ( Bara en dansera )
- 1927: The dangerous age
- 1927: Manege
- 1928: the beaver fur
- 1930: 1914, the last days before the world fire
- 1931: To the golden anchor
- 1932: Van Geldern criminal case
- 1932: Kampf (Direction: Erich Schönfelder )
- 1932: The White Demon (Director: Kurt Gerron )
- 1933: Burning secret
- 1934: Peer Gynt (Director: Fritz Wendhausen )
- 1936: The Tsar's courier
- 1936: The robbery of the Sabine women
- 1936: Shadows of the Past
- 1936: Fridericus
- 1937: The Warsaw Citadel
- 1937: strong hearts
- 1937: The mountain is calling
- 1938: Was it the one on the 3rd floor?
- 1939: Robert Koch, the fighter against death
- 1939: We dance around the world
- 1940: The Glenarvon Fox
- 1941: Ohm Krüger
- 1942: The big game
- 1942: White laundry
- 1942: Old heart becomes young again
- 1942: Lache Bajazzo
- 1955: Heaven without stars
- 1956: Anastasia, the last daughter of the Tsar
theatre
- 1907: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing : Minna von Barnhelm (Franziska) - Director: Max Reinhardt ( Deutsches Theater Berlin - Kammerspiele)
- 1913: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing: Emilia Galotti (Emilia) - Director: Max Reinhardt (Deutsches Theater Berlin)
Awards
- 1937: Appointment as state actress
- 1946: Honorary member of the Deutsches Theater Berlin
- 1947: appointed professor
- 1953: Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
- 1957: German Film Award for Anastasia, the last daughter of the Tsar (posthumously as Best Supporting Actress )
literature
- Rolf Burgmer: Polite, Lucie. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , p. 316 ( digitized version ).
- Walther Killy (Ed.): German Biographical Encyclopedia . Volume 5: Hesselbach - Kofler. Saur, Munich et al. 1997, ISBN 3-598-23165-2 , p. 91.
- Wilhelm Kosch : German Theater Lexicon. Biographical and bibliographical manual. Volume 1: A - Hurk. Kleinmayr, Klagenfurt et al. 1953, p. 811.
- Hiltrud Schroeder (Ed.): Sophie & Co. Important women of Hanover. Biographical portraits. Fackelträger-Verlag, Hannover 1991, ISBN 3-7716-1521-6 , p. 238.
- Rolf Aurich, Susanne Fuhrmann, Pamela Müller (Red.): Dreams of film. Cinema in Hanover 1896–1991. Catalog for the exhibition of the same name in the Theater am Aegi from October 6 to November 24, 1991. Society for Film Studies, Hanover 1991, p. 164f.
- Hugo Thielen : Polite, Lucie. In: Dirk Böttcher , Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 171 online via Google books .
- Hugo Thielen: Polite, Lucie. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 301.
Web links
- Literature by and about Lucie Höflich in the catalog of the German National Library
- Lucie Polite in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Lucie politely. In: FemBio. Women's biography research (with references and citations).
- Lucie Höflich at filmportal.de
- Pictures by Lucie Höflich In: Virtual History
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Lucie Polite . In: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 50/1956 from December 3, 1956, supplemented by news from MA-Journal up to week 17/2005 (accessed via Munzinger Online ).
- ↑ Harry Waibel : Servants of many masters. Former Nazi functionaries in the Soviet Zone / GDR. Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 2011, ISBN 978-3-631-63542-1 , p. 144.
- ↑ a b dpa : Lucie Höflich died . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , October 10, 1956, p. 12.
- ^ Lietzmann, Sabine: The German Film Prize 1957 . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , June 24, 1957, p. 10.
- ↑ Barlog and the "Höflich case" . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , October 24, 1956, p. 12.
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Polite, Lucie |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Holwede, Helene Lucie von (maiden name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German actress |
DATE OF BIRTH | February 20, 1883 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Hanover |
DATE OF DEATH | October 9, 1956 |
Place of death | Berlin |