Lucie politely

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lucie Höflich as viola in William Shakespeare's "Was ihr wollt" (1907)
Polite in your apartment (1912)
Memorial plaque on the house, Kleiner Moor 11, in Schwerin

Lucie Höflich actually Helene Lucie von Holwede (born February 20, 1883 in Hanover , † October 9, 1956 in Berlin ) was a German actress .

Life

Theater and film work

Her mother was Dora von Holwede, her stepfather and adoptive father Georg Höflich, actor and director at the Berliner Schauspielhaus . Lucie Höflich began her long theater career at the age of 16 at the Theater von Bromberg and came to the Intime Theater of Nuremberg in 1901, and the following year at the Raimund Theater in Vienna . In 1903 she made her debut at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin. She stayed here with a few interruptions until 1932.

During this time she was particularly convincing in naturalistic plays by Gerhart Hauptmann such as Rose Bernd or Henrik Ibsen and Nora . She also gained general recognition as Franziska in Minna von Barnhelm and Gretchen in Faust .

Her film career began in 1913. She never dominated the screen as she did on the theater, but over the decades she played in many important supporting roles. Mostly she played mothers, including in the two propaganda films Der Fuchs von Glenarvon and Ohm Krüger .

In 1933 Höflich left the Deutsches Theater for political reasons and took over the management of the State Drama School in Berlin . From 1936 on she ran her own studio for young actors at the Volksbühne in Berlin . During the Nazi era , she was awarded the title of State Actress in 1937. Until 1940 she gave guest performances as an actress, in particular at the Volksbühne and the Schillertheater . After the war she was Werner Bernhardy's successor and headed the Schwerin State Theater from 1947/48 to 1950 . Then she appeared again on West Berlin stages, including the Hebbel , Schlosspark and Schiller theaters .

She was a member of the 1st People's Council of the Soviet Zone .

Lucie Höflich was married to the art historian Anton Mayer from 1910 until the divorce in 1917 . The actress Ursula Höflich (* 1911) comes from this marriage. After that she was the wife of the actor Emil Jannings for some time . In April 1956, Höflich suffered a severe heart attack on a tour of the Schlossparktheater in Iserlohn , from which, however, she recovered. She died in 1956 at the age of 73 in her Berlin apartment. Posthumously, she was awarded the German Film Prize for Best Supporting Actress in 1957 for her performance as Mrs. Bäumle in the feature film Anastasia, the last Tsar's daughter (1956) .

She found her final resting place in an honorary grave of the city of Berlin in field 7 (grave location: 15–26) of the Berlin cemetery in Dahlem .

The "Polite Case"

In connection with Lucie Höflich's death, a discussion developed about the problem of pensions for stage performers. Lucie Höflich did not have a pension, as the Munich pension fund , which was set up by the German Theater Members' Cooperative (GDBA) , only accepted artists who had not yet reached the age of 45 when compulsory insurance was introduced in 1938. Shortly before Höflich's death, Boleslaw Barlog , director of the West Berlin State Drama Theaters, informed her by letter that her contract would expire on July 31, 1957. After allegations in the press, Barlog said that he had stopped Höflich at his two houses for five years, although the Berlin Court of Auditors had repeatedly warned not to employ such a rarely occurring actress as a permanent member of the ensemble. He also promised the actress that he would continue to employ her under piece contracts . At the time of Höflich's death, the Berlin Senate was planning to introduce an honorary salary for older artists to ensure retirement benefits.

Filmography

theatre

Awards

literature

Web links

Commons : Lucie Höflich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Lucie Polite . In: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 50/1956 from December 3, 1956, supplemented by news from MA-Journal up to week 17/2005 (accessed via Munzinger Online ).
  2. Harry Waibel : Servants of many masters. Former Nazi functionaries in the Soviet Zone / GDR. Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 2011, ISBN 978-3-631-63542-1 , p. 144.
  3. a b dpa : Lucie Höflich died . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , October 10, 1956, p. 12.
  4. ^ Lietzmann, Sabine: The German Film Prize 1957 . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , June 24, 1957, p. 10.
  5. Barlog and the "Höflich case" . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , October 24, 1956, p. 12.