René Schickele

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René Schickele Signature René Schickele.JPG

René Schickele (born August 4, 1883 in Oberehnheim in Alsace ; † January 31, 1940 in Vence , Alpes-Maritimes ) was a German-French writer , essayist , translator and pacifist .

Life

René Schickele was the son of an Alsatian winery owner and police officer who originally came from Mutzig , and a French mother. He studied literary history, natural sciences and philosophy in Strasbourg , Munich , Paris and Berlin . Then he edited several magazines one after the other with his friends Otto Flake and Ernst Stadler and he published several volumes of poetry. Schickele became editor of Die Weißen Blätter in 1914 , which he made into one of the most important periodicals of Expressionism . Even before the First World War , he was also active as a journalist and politician. During the war, pacifist authors such as Johannes R. Becher , Leonhard Frank , Walter Hasenclever and Heinrich Mann published in the White Papers . The body easily supported the New Fatherland Federation . Together with Helene Stöcker , Magnus Hirschfeld and other activists, he campaigned for the establishment of a democratic-socialist republic at the end of 1918, but also against a peace that contradicted Woodrow Wilson's ideas and wanted to take areas such as Alsace-Lorraine from the German Reich without a referendum .

From 1918, Schickele often visited Henry van de Velde in Uttwil and lived for a short time with his family in the neighborhood of van de Velde.

After the First World War, Schickele moved to Badenweiler and was passionate about promoting understanding between Germany and France. This happened, among other things, as part of his work in the poetry section of the Prussian Academy of Arts . In Badenweiler he became friends with the writer Annette Kolb and the painter Emil Bizer .

Already in 1932 he suspected the impending seizure of power by the National Socialists and emigrated to Sanary-sur-Mer in the south of France . Heinrich and Thomas Mann , Arnold Zweig , Franz Werfel , Lion Feuchtwanger , Ernst Toller , Bert Brecht and other German writers also lived in this small fishing village, in which Katherine Mansfield had already lived . Schickele died of heart failure in January 1940, a few months before the western campaign .

Grave of René Schickele

In 1956, Schickele's remains were transferred to the Badenweiler-Lipburg cemetery. The grave can be found near the cemetery chapel under grave number 159/160. The place of his final resting place reflects what René Schickele lived for: From the cemetery, which is high outside the town, you have a wide view of the German and French landscape on the Upper Rhine. In Lipburg, in the former “Schwanen” inn, there was a René Schickele parlor with memorabilia from the poet, who was often a guest there, preferably in the garden. The former inn has now been converted into apartments. Nothing is known about the whereabouts of the memorabilia.

The American composer Peter Schickele is his grandson.

plant

René Schickele's work as a writer is shaped by the special position of Alsace in the field of tension between French and German culture. He was a keen observer of his time who sharply characterized and criticized politics, society and culture.

He published his essayistic texts in his books Schreie auf dem Boulevard (1913), Die Genfer Reise (1919) and We don't want to die (1922). In his next two works, The Border (1932) and Heavenly Landscape (1933), he started from the beauty of the landscape, which obliges the Germans and French to follow a common European path. At the place of his emigration, he wrote the novel The Widow Bosca out of his disappointment at the failure of the Weimar Republic . Schickele's last essayistic texts Love and Annoyance by DH Lawrence (1935) and the sadly pessimistic book Le Retour (1938) - the only one written in French - bear witness to his disappointment at the unsuccessful reconciliation between Germany and France and prove his painful decision to do so democratic France.

Schickele's best-known work is the trilogy of novels Das Erbe am Rhein with the three parts Maria Capponi (1925), View of the Vosges (1927) and The Wolf in the Hurdle (1931).

Aftermath

In the spirit of René Schickele, the René Schickele Society (Culture et Bilinguisme d'Alsace et de Moselle), founded in 1968, would like to build a bridge between the German and French with its commitment to French-German bilingualism , including the Alsatian dialect Culture. It awards the René Schickele Media Prize in Strasbourg.

The René Schickele Prize was named after him, although it was only awarded once, in 1952.

The René Schickele School in Badenweiler is named after him.

Works (in selection)

  • Summer nights . Ludolf Beust, Strasbourg 1902.
  • Pan. Sun sacrifice of youth . Joseph Singer, Strasbourg 1902.
  • Mon repos . Seaman's successor, Berlin, Leipzig 1905.
  • Voltaire and his time . Seaman's successor, Berlin, Leipzig 1905.
  • The ride into life . Axel Juncker, Stuttgart, Berlin, Leipzig, 1906.
  • The stranger . Morgen-Verlag, Berlin 1909.
  • White and red . Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1910.
  • My friend Lo . Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1911 (extended version 1931)
  • Happiness. Axel Juncker, Berlin 1913. (New edition 1919)
  • Screams on the boulevard . Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1913.
  • Benkal the comforter of women . White Books Publishing House, Leipzig 1914.
  • The bodyguard . White Books Publishing House, Leipzig 1914 ( digitized version ).
  • My heart my country . White Books Publishing House, Leipzig 1915.
  • Hans in the Schnakenloch . Publishing house of the white books, Leipzig 1915 (first performance on December 16, 1916 in the New Theater, Frankfurt a. M.)
  • The Geneva trip. Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1919.
  • November ninth . Erich Reiss, Berlin 1919.
  • The girls. Stories. Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1920.
  • We don't want to die! Kurt Wolff, Munich 1922.
  • A legacy on the Rhine. Kurt Wolff, Munich 1925 (later title: Maria Capponi ; Volume 1 of Das Erbe am Rhein )
  • Symphony for jazz . S. Fischer, Berlin 1929.
  • View of the Vosges. Berlin 1927. (Volume 2 of Das Erbe am Rhein .)
  • The wolf in the corral. Berlin 1931. (Volume 3 of Das Erbe am Rhein .)
  • The widow Bosca . S. Fischer, Berlin 1933.
  • Love and Scandal of DH Lawrence . Allert de Lange publisher, Amsterdam 1934.
  • The message in a bottle . Verlag Allert de Lange, Amsterdam 1937. New edition: Verlag F. Stülten, Escheburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-9813133-1-4 .
  • Le Retour . Fayard, Paris 1938.
  • Works in 3 volumes , edited by Hermann Kesten . Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne, Berlin 1959.
  • Overcoming the border . Essays on German-French understanding . Edited by Adrien Finck . Kehl 1987, ISBN 3-88571-166-4 .
  • (Sermon to the) metropolitan people, in: Menschheitsdämmerung . A document of expressionism. Edited by Kurt Pinthus . Hamburg 1919 a. ö.

literature

Web links

Wikisource: René Schickele  - Sources and full texts
Commons : René Schickele  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Willibald Gutsche, Fritz Klein, Joachim Petzold: The First World War. Causes and course. Cologne 1985, pp. 84, 121
  2. ↑ Helene Stöcker: Memoirs , ed. by Reinhold Lütgemeier-Davin u. Kerstin Wolff. Cologne 2015, p. 319.
  3. ↑ Urs Oskar Keller: A man of the world in the province. St. Galler Tagblatt, October 14, 2013, accessed on March 21, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Municipality of Uttwil: A place of the arts. Retrieved March 21, 2020 .
  5. ↑ René Schickele School Badenweiler - Current. Retrieved August 15, 2020 .
  6. ^ To p. 233. Against Richard Dehmel's big city criticism . Edition 1920 still with the UT symphony most recent poetry.
personal data
SURNAME Schickele, René
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lainé, P. (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-French writer
DATE OF BIRTH 4th August 1883
PLACE OF BIRTH Oberehnheim (Obernai), Alsace
DATE OF DEATH January 31, 1940
Place of death Vence , south of France