Walter Hasenclever

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Walter Hasenclever around 1916
Walter Hasenclever (1917). Photo by Hugo Erfurth

Walter Georg Alfred Hasenclever (born July 8, 1890 in Aachen , † June 21, 1940 in Les Milles near Aix-en-Provence ) was an expressionist German writer .

biography

Walter Hasenclever was born in 1890 as the first son of the medical doctor and medical adviser Carl Hasenclever (1855–1934) and his wife Anni, also Mathilde Anna, born. Reiss (1869–1953) was born in the immediate vicinity of the Startz spinning mill in Aachen. A plaque commemorates him there today. He was a grandson of District Administrator Georg Hasenclever and the cloth manufacturer Kommerzienrat Alfred Reiss. Walter had two siblings, Paul (1897–1988) and Marita (1902–1993). After graduating from high school in 1908 at Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gymnasium, the predecessor institute of the Einhard-Gymnasium in Aachen , he began studying law in Oxford , where he met the actress Gretha Schroeder (1892–1980, married to Ernst Matray in 1915 and to Paul Wegener in 1926) ; a long-term friendship developed. After just one semester, he moved to Lausanne , after another semester to Leipzig . During his studies in Leipzig (1909 to 1914) his interest in literature and philosophy was aroused. In 1910 his first volume of poetry Cities, Nights and People was published . In 1914 he succeeded with the play The Son, the first major work of expressionist drama.

His enthusiasm for the war, which led him to volunteer for military service , soon turned into a rejection of war. He simulated a mental illness and was discharged from military service in 1917. In the same year he received the Kleist Prize for his passionate adaptation of the Antigone fabric by Sophocles .

In 1924 he met Kurt Tucholsky . With great success he published the comedy A Better Man in 1926 and the comedy Marriages are made in heaven in 1928 . Hasenclever lived in Berlin from 1929 to 1932 and traveled through Europe and North Africa. In 1930 he worked as a screenwriter for the film company Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), creating the German version of the film Anna Christie , in which Greta Garbo was the leading actress. He met her in Hollywood and dedicated a loving feature section to her, Encounter with Greta Garbo (1931). After the seizure of power by the National Socialists , his works were banned and after the burning of books removed from libraries. Hasenclever then went into exile in Nice . In 1934 he married Edith Schäfer there. During the Second World War he was interned twice as an " enemy alien " in France (including in Fort Carré in Antibes ). After the defeat of France, he took his own life on the night of June 21-22, 1940 in the internment camp Les Milles near Aix-en-Provence with an overdose of veronal so as not to fall into the hands of the Nazis.

Hasenclever's estate is in the German Literature Archive in Marbach . The manuscript of The People is in Museum of Modern Literature seen in Marbach in the permanent exhibition.

Honors and commemorations

  • The Walter-Hasenclever-Gesellschaft was founded in 1996 in Aachen . Since then, she has awarded the Walter Hasenclever Literature Prize every two years .
  • In Aachen, a plaque commemorates the house where Walter Hasenclever was born, at the Löhergraben 22 factory building , today the Barockfabrik cultural center .
  • At the former headquarters of the Kurt Wolff Verlag in Leipzig, a plaque commemorates the authors of the expressionist generation who had their say in the book series The Youngest Day , including Walter Hasenclever
  • In Berlin-Wilmersdorf a plaque commemorates him and his place of residence, where Hasenclever spent his time from 1930 to 1932 at Ludwig-Barnay-Platz 3 in the Berlin artists' colony .
  • The Hasencleverstrasse in Aachen-Burtscheid, in Bremen - Obervieland , district habenhausen, and in the Hamburg district of Horn were named after him.
  • In Sanary-sur-Mer , a plaque at the tourist office commemorates the German and Austrian writers as well as their relatives and friends who came together there on the run from the Nazi tyranny.
  • Memorial plaques for Walter Hasenclever

  • Memorial plaque ways against forgetting in Aachen

  • Memorial plaque from Kurt Wolff Verlag

  • Memorial plaque in Berlin-Wilmersdorf

  • Memorial plaque in Sanary-sur-Mer

Works

Max Reinhardt's performance of Hasenclever's anti-war drama Antigone , Großes Schauspielhaus , Berlin, April 1920 - Emil Jannings as Creon
  • Nirvana. A Critique of Life in Drama Form , 1909
  • Cities, Nights, People (Poems), 1910
  • The never-ending conversation. A nocturnal scene (“The Judgment Day”, Volume 2), 1913
  • The young man (poems), 1913
  • The Savior (Dramatic Poetry), 1916
  • The Son (drama), 1914
  • Death and Resurrection (poems), 1917
  • Antigone (tragedy), 1917
  • The people (drama), 1918
  • The Decision (Comedy), 1919 ( digitized version )
  • The Political Poet (Poems and Prose), Revolution and Construction, 2nd pamphlet, 1919
  • The murderers sit in the opera , 1917
  • Antigone , 1917
  • The Plague (film), 1920 (first printed film text)
  • Beyond (drama), 1920 ( digitized version )
  • Poems to Women , 1922
  • Gobseck (drama), 1922 ( digitized version )
  • Murder (drama), 1926
  • A better gentleman (comedy), 1926
  • Marriages Are Made In Heaven (Drama), 1928
  • Christopher Columbus or the Discovery of America (comedy), with Kurt Tucholsky, 1932; Filmed in 1969 by Helmut Käutner for Hessischer Rundfunk
  • Münchhausen (play), 1934
  • Conflict in Assyria (comedy), 1938/39
  • The Lawless (novel), 1939/40
  • Poems, dramas, prose (edited from the estate of Kurt Pinthus ), 1963
  • Error and Passion (edited by Kurt Pinthus), 1969

literature

iconography

Web links

Commons : Walter Hasenclever  - Collection of Images
Wikiquote: Walter Hasenclever  - Quotes

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Dieter Breuer (Ed.): Walter Hasenclever 1890-1940 . 2., revised. Edition. Alano, Aachen 1996, ISBN 3-89399-231-6 , p. 8 .
  2. ↑ Dieter Breuer (Ed.): Walter Hasenclever 1890-1940 . 2., revised. Edition. Alano, Aachen 1996, ISBN 3-89399-231-6 , p. 23 .
  3. ^ Manfred Wichmann: Walter Hasenclever 1890-1940. In: Living Museum Online . September 14, 2014, accessed February 20, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Dieter Breuer (Ed.): Walter Hasenclever 1890-1940 . 2., revised. Edition. Alano, Aachen 1996, ISBN 3-89399-231-6 , p. 97 and 112 f .
  5. ^ Maria Behre: The Walter Hasenclever Prize of the city of Aachen. literaturkritik.de, 2014, accessed on July 16, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Playground information from JL Styan: Max Reinhardt. 1982.
  7. ↑ Jürgen Egyptien (Ed.): Literatur in der Moderne , Yearbook of the Walter Hasenclever Society, Volume 7 (2010/2011), p. 140.
  8. ↑ IMDB
personal data
SURNAME Hasenclever, Walter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hasenclever, Walter Georg Alexander (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German expressionist writer
DATE OF BIRTH July 8, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Aachen
DATE OF DEATH June 21, 1940
Place of death Les Milles near Aix-en-Provence