1811
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Calendar overview 1811
Map with all linked sites: | 1811 | |
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 a ten-level hardness scale for minerals . |
| 1811 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1259/60 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1803/04 (September 11th / 12th) |
| Bengali solar calendar | 1216/17 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2354/55 (southern Buddhism); 2353/54 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 75th (76th) cycle
Year of the metal sheep辛未 ( at the beginning of the year metal horse 庚午) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1173/74 (turn of the year April) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 4144/45 (October 2/3) |
| Iranian calendar | 1189/90 |
| Islamic calendar | 1225/26 (turn of the year 25/26 January) |
| Jewish calendar | 5571/72 (September 18-19) |
| Coptic Calendar | 1527/28 (September 11-12) |
| Malayalam calendar | 986/987 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 2121/22 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 2122/23 (turn of the year October) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1867/68 (April) |
events
Politics and world events
Coalition wars
Iberian Peninsula
- February 19: French troops under Nicolas-Jean de Dieu Soult win the Battle of Gévora near Badajoz.
- March 11th: The French conquer Badajoz .
- April 3: In the Battle of Sabugal , English and local troops prevail and force the Napoleonic invading army to leave Portugal for good .
- May 3 to 5: The battle of Fuentes de Oñoro is fought . A British-Portuguese army under Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington defeats a French army under Marshal André Masséna .
- May 3: The French army begins the siege of Tarragona .
- May 16: An Allied army of British, Portuguese and Spanish, commanded by Sir William Beresford , triumphs in the Battle of La Albuera over the French troops under Marshal Soult previously in the city of Badajoz .
- June 28th: The French storm Tarragona, which has been besieged since May 3rd . There is a massacre of the invading soldiers of the resisting urban population.
Swedish-British War
- June 15: The only bloodshed in the British-Swedish War occurs when a Swedish unit attacks a group of peasant compatriots who oppose the drafting of soldiers .
Great Britain
- February 5: The Prince of Wales and later King George IV takes over royal power in Great Britain under the Regency Act after his father George III. because of a long period of mental illness can no longer conduct official business.
Central Europe
- April 1: The Berlin Police Regulations create the first criminal police in Germany in Berlin .
- June 1: In Austria , the General Civil Code , valid from the beginning of 1812 , is proclaimed by an imperial patent .
- June 10: In Karlsruhe , the 82-year-old Karl Friedrich dies since the death of his grandfather Karl III. Wilhelm in 1738 initially more formal, since his declaration of maturity in 1746 also ruling ruler in Baden - most recently as Grand Duke since 1806 .
- September 14th: In Prussia, the regulation edict is issued , which obliges the peasants released from inheritance to return parts of their land to their former landlords as compensation.
Latin America
- May 14th: Paraguay splits off from the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata and thus gains its independence from Spain .
- May 18: Under José Gervasio Artigas , later the national hero , the people of Uruguay decisively defeat the Spanish colonial power at Las Piedras .
- July 5th: Venezuela becomes independent.
- July 30th: The Mexican priest and revolutionary Miguel Hidalgo is executed after a death sentence by the Spanish Inquisition .
- December 2: The strong man in the Chilean triumvirate , José Miguel Carrera dissolves the congress. The triumvirate then breaks up on the resignation of José Gaspar Marín and Bernardo O'Higgins . Carrera becomes a dictator.
North America
- January 8-11 : Slavery in the United States : The slave revolt on the German Coast in St. Charles and St. John the Baptist Parish in the Orleans Territory , in which 150 to 500 insurgents participate, two whites and at least 60 Slaves perished. On January 15, 21 insurgents were sentenced to death and their severed heads exhibited in several places as a deterrent. As a political reaction, the legislative assembly decided to reorganize the militia , which Territorial Governor William CC Claiborne had called for since 1806. The federal government is also stationing a regular army regiment in New Orleans .
- 7/8 November: Indian Wars : In the Battle of Tippecanoe , troops of the United States of America, led by William Henry Harrison, defeat Tecumseh's Indian Confederation, led by his brother Tenskwatawa .
- DeWitt Clinton of the Democratic Republican Party wins New York gubernatorial election .
Asia
- The British-Dutch War for Java ends in a British victory.
- The Ottoman-Saudi war begins.
Africa
- March 1: Muhammad Ali Pascha , Ottoman viceroy in Egypt , has the Mamluks, allied with him, slaughtered by his Albanian troops .
business
Austria's national bankruptcy
- February 20: Austria goes bankrupt . Due to a financial patent from Emperor Franz I, the paper money in circulation is only exchanged for a fifth of its value.
War economy
- March 25th: Napoleon Bonaparte orders the cultivation of sugar beet because, due to his continental barrier to England, there are no cane sugar imports from the West Indies . The sugar industry is emerging in Europe .
Business start-ups
- July 1st: The Austrian magazine Carinthia appears for the first time. She deals with the regional studies of Carinthia in articles .
- November 20: Friedrich Krupp and two partners found a company that had a cast steel plant built in Essen .
- The Rothschild family founds NM Rothschild & Sons in London .
Others
- September 2: State Chancellor Karl August von Hardenberg lifts the compulsory guild in Prussia by means of an edict on freedom of trade .
- October 11th: The steamship Juliana of the American inventor John Stevens begins the ferry service between New York City and Hoboken in New Jersey . It is the world's first use of a steamship as a ferry .
- October 30: The printer Friedrich Koenig receives a patent for the high-speed cylinder press in London .
- In Nottingham there is for the first Maschinensturm by Luddites .
- The first so-called " comet wine " is served.
science and technology
Aviation
- May 31st: Albrecht Ludwig Berblinger , who went down in history as the “tailor of Ulm”, crashes into the Danube while attempting to fly with a self-made flying machine .
- April 16: Wilhelmine Reichard is the first woman in Germany to go solo in a balloon . It starts in the garden of the Berlin Royal Veterinary School and lands in Genshagen, about 30 km away .
Natural sciences
- February 21: The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society document a contribution by Humphry Davy about experiments from the previous year. He then came to the realization that chlorine was its own chemical element .
- March 25th: Honoré Flaugergues discovers the comet Flaugergues .
- September 10th: Jöns Jakob Berzelius invents the symbol notation for chemical elements , as it is also used in the sum formula .
- Amadeo Avogadro suggests that ideal gases must be diatomic (in Journal de Physique 73 (1811), 58).
- Friedrich Mohs sets up a ten-level hardness scale for minerals .
- Gas hydrates are first found by Humphry Davy in the form of chlorohydrate .
- Eugène Chevreul succeeded in isolating fatty acids for the first time and thus founded oleochemistry .
Teaching and Research
- May 24th: Heinrich Cotta opens his private forestry school in Tharandt , which is elevated to a state forestry academy in 1816 and becomes world-famous.
- September 2nd: King Frederick IV founds the University of Oslo .
- October 22nd: A decree by Napoleon Bonaparte closes the University of Harderwijk in the Netherlands .
- The Alma Mater Viadrina in Frankfurt (Oder) will be closed.
Inventions
- Georg Friedrich von Reichenbach introduces the thread distance meter, a device for measuring distances , in Germany.
- Johann Georg Heine introduces the pressure bandage in medicine .
Culture
literature
- The novel Sense and Sensibility ( Sense and Sensibility ) the English writer Jane Austen appear anonymous. The writer wrote the work as early as 1795.
Music and theater
- January 29th: The world premiere of the opera Demophoon by Peter Joseph von Lindpaintner takes place in Munich.
- February 27th: The opera La Victime des arts ou La Fête de famille by Henri Montan Berton has its world premiere at the Opéra-Comique in Paris.
- JUNE 4: At the Munich Residenz Theater is Carl Maria von Weber's Singspiel Abu Hassan premiered. The libretto is by Franz Carl Hiemer based on a story from the Arabian Nights .
- October 26th: The world premiere of the opera buffa L'equivoco stravagante by Gioacchino Rossini takes place at the Teatro del Corso in Bologna. The audience takes the two-act opera very positively. However, the work is banned by the censors after three performances.
society
- January 18: The poet Achim von Arnim and the state theorist Adam Heinrich Müller found the German Table Society .
- September 16: Shortly after a major fire broke out in the neighboring village of Fraulautern , the Sarrelouis magistrate under Mayor Reneauld decides to reorganize the fire extinguisher company. This makes the voluntary fire brigade of the district town of Saarlouis one of the oldest fire brigades in Germany .
- 7/19 December: The Ratcliffe Highway murders occur on the eastern outskirts of London .
Disasters
- December 8th: When the Sargans city fire started at the Torkelhaus , only the baroque parish church of Sargans can be saved. 358 people lose all their belongings, but human lives are nothing to complain about.
- DECEMBER 16: In the Mississippi Valley near New Madrid occurred an earthquake of magnitude 7 , which the course of the Mississippi changed and Ohio can temporarily flow backward. Other earthquakes of comparable magnitude occurred on January 23 and February 7, 1812.
- December 24: The British ships HMS Defense and HMS St. George , stranded in a hurricane off the Danish west coast, break in the surf. The wrecks sink before Thorsminde . About 1,300 sailors die.
- December 26th: In Richmond, Virginia, 72 people die in the worst theater fire in the United States to date , including Governor George William Smith and the President of the Bank of Virginia , Abraham B. Venable .
Sports
- June 19: Friedrich Ludwig Jahn opens the first gymnasium in the Hasenheide near Berlin.
Born
January February
- January 3: Franz von Rinecker , German doctor († 1883)
- January 5: Richard Brodhead , American politician († 1863)
- January 9: Emmanuel Ludwig von Fellenberg , Swiss Protestant clergyman († 1878)
- January 15: Carl Adams , German mathematician and teacher († 1849)
- January 16: Johann Dzierzon , Silesian priest and naturalist († 1906)
- January 17th: Ferdinand Dinse , German organ builder († 1889)
- January 17: George S. Houston , American politician († 1879)
- January 17: Joshua Norton , Norton I, Emperor of the United States and patron of Mexico († 1880)
- January 20: Julius Lasker , Prussian medic and writer († 1876)
- January 22nd: Gottlieb Friedrich Alexandrowitsch von Glasenapp , imperial Russian admiral and member of the Imperial Council († 1892)
- January 25: Alejandro Ciccarelli , Italian-Chilean painter († 1879)
- January 27: João Crisóstomo de Abreu e Sousa , Prime Minister of Portugal († 1895)
- January 27: Ernst Dieffenbach , physician and geologist († 1855)
- January 28: Isaac Johnson , British inventor († 1911)
- February 3: Horace Greeley , American newspaper publisher and politician († 1872)
- February 4: Asa Biggs , American lawyer and politician († 1878)
- February 4th: Aristide Cavaillé-Coll , French organ builder of the Romantic era († 1899)
- February 8: Edwin D. Morgan , American politician († 1883)
- February 10th: Friedrich Haas , German-Swiss organ builder († 1886)
- February 12: James Johnson , American politician († 1891)
- February 12: Bertha von Redern , German painter († 1875)
- February 13: François-Achille Bazaine , Marshal of France († 1888)
- February 15: Domingo Faustino Sarmiento , Argentine President († 1888)
- February 20: Henry Hastings Sibley , American politician († 1891)
- February 24: Friedrich Daniel Bassermann , German entrepreneur and liberal politician († 1855)
- February 24: Daniel Payne , American bishop, first African American college president († 1893)
- February 26: Heinrich Christian Burckhardt , German forester († 1879)
March April
- March 3: Bernhard Wolff , newspaper founder and news entrepreneur († 1879)
- March 3: Hugo von Ritgen , German architect († 1889)
- March 4: Friedrich August Abt , German lawyer and politician († 1882)
- March 4: John Laird Mair Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence , Governor General and Viceroy of India from 1864 to 1869 († 1879)
- March 4: Adolf Siemens , artilleryman († 1887)
- March 6th: Johann Claussen Schmid , German organ builder († 1881)
- March 7th: Ernst Friedrich Adickes , German politician († 1878)
- March 7th: Giuseppe Ferrari , Italian historian, philosopher and politician († 1876)
- March 7th: Christian Heinrich Hohmann , Franconian composer, music teacher and violin school writer († 1861)
- March 8: Friedrich Wilhelm Winzer , German organ builder († 1886)
- March 9: Ernst Hähnel , German sculptor, academy professor († 1891)
- March 11: Leopold Copeland Parker Cowper , American politician and lawyer († 1875)
- March 11: Urbain Le Verrier , French mathematician and astronomer († 1877)
- March 17: Karl Gutzkow , German writer and editor († 1878)
- March 19: Josef Kling , German problem chess composer († 1876)
- March 20: Franz Duke of Reichstadt , descendant of Napoleon Bonaparte († 1832)
- March 20: Otto Kohlrausch , German doctor († 1854)
- March 23: Karl Gottfried Wilhelm Taubert , German composer († 1891)
- March 24th: Fanny Lewald , German writer († 1889)
- March 27: Baptista de Andrade , Portuguese admiral († 1902)
- March 28: Johannes Nepomuk Neumann , Bishop of Philadelphia († 1860)
- March 29: Louise Dulcken , German pianist and composer († 1850)
- March 29: José María San Martín y Ulloa , President of El Salvador († 1857)
- March 30th: Robert Wilhelm Bunsen , German chemist († 1899)
- April 1: Johann Heinrich Runge , German master organ builder († 1885)
- April 3: Heinrich Sattler , German organist and publicist († 1891)
- April 5: Maria Brignole Sale De Ferrari , Italian aristocrat, salonière and patroness († 1888)
- April 5: Jules Dupré , French landscape painter († 1889)
- April 7: Franz Joseph Rudigier , Catholic Bishop of the Diocese of Linz († 1884)
- April 8: Friedrich Hitzig , German architect († 1881)
- April 9: Joseph Kleutgen , Catholic theologian († 1883)
- April 11: Antonio Arcioni , Swiss officer and general († 1859)
- April 11: Rebecka Dirichlet , German Salonnière († 1858)
- April 11: Charles D. Drake , American politician († 1892)
- April 14: Félix Le Couppey , French music teacher, pianist and composer († 1887)
- April 19: Heinrich von Drasche-Wartinberg , owner of the Wienerberger AG brick company († 1880)
- April 22: Otto Hesse , German mathematician († 1874)
- April 25: William Bissell , American politician († 1860)
- April 25: Julius Jacob the Elder , German painter († 1882)
- April 26: Hugo Henckel von Donnersmarck , German-Austrian entrepreneur († 1890)
May June
- May 4: Heinrich Heerwagen , rector of the Nuremberg grammar school and local historian († 1888)
- May 11: Theodor Apel , German writer and founder († 1867)
- May 11: Jean-Jacques Challet-Venel , Swiss politician († 1893)
- May 20: Ernst Methfessel , German composer († 1886)
- May 20: Alfred Domett , Prime Minister of New Zealand († 1887)
- May 20: Ernst von Waldthausen , German businessman († 1883)
- May 22nd: Giulia Grisi , famous Italian opera singer († 1869)
- May 22nd: Leopold Löw , Hungarian rabbi († 1875)
- May 29: Trusten Polk , American politician († 1876)
- June 2: Dethloff Carl Hinstorff , German publisher († 1882)
- June 7th: James Young Simpson , Scottish doctor († 1870)
- June 10: Joseph A. Gilmore , American politician († 1867)
- June 11: Wissarion Grigoryevich Belinsky , Russian literary critic, publicist, linguist and philosopher († 1848)
- June 13: Fredrik Ferdinand Carlson , Swedish historian († 1887)
- June 14: Harriet Beecher-Stowe , American writer, opponent of slavery († 1896)
- June 16: Josef Körösi , Austro-Hungarian industrialist († 1868)
- June 16: Laurenz Lersch , German classical philologist († 1849)
- June 17: Adolphe d'Ennery , French writer († 1899)
- June 17: Jón Sigurðsson , political champion for Iceland's independence († 1879)
- June 21: Horatio King , American politician († 1897)
- June 22nd: Karl Rudolf von Ollech , Prussian general († 1884)
- June 28: Georg von Adelmann , German medic († 1888)
July August
- July 2: Rudolph Oppenheim , German banker († 1871)
- July 4th: Eduard Georg Schröter , German Protestant theologian († 1888)
- July 10: Benjamin Franklin Baker , American composer († 1889)
- July 10: Jakob Eisendle , South Tyrolean farmer, mechanic and inventor († 1888)
- July 11th: Johann Georg von Hahn , Austrian diplomat and albanologist († 1869)
- July 11: William Grove , lawyer and scientist († 1896)
- July 12th: Alois Schönach , Austrian organ builder († 1899)
- July 13: George Gilbert Scott , English architect (neo-Gothic) († 1878)
- July 16: Raphael Christen , Swiss sculptor († 1880)
- July 18: Karl Ludwig von Littrow , German astronomer († 1877)
- July 18: Michail Fjodorowitsch Rajewski , Russian Orthodox Archpriest, Head of the Embassy Church in Vienna († 1884)
- July 18: William Makepeace Thackeray , English writer († 1863)
- July 19: Lambert Joseph Massart , Belgian violinist († 1892)
- July 19: Vinzenz Lachner , German composer and conductor († 1893)
- July 20: James Bruce , British colonial administrator and diplomat († 1863)
- July 20: Elisha Dyer , American politician († 1890)
- July 23: Friedrich Adolph Mackrott , German musician († 1880)
- July 30: Franz Schott , German music publisher and Mayor of Mainz († 1874)
- July 31: Albrecht von Roeder , German-American lawyer and local founder († 1857)
- August 3: Elisha Graves Otis , American master mechanic († 1861)
- August 4: Jakub Malý , Czech historian, writer and journalist († 1885)
- August 5: Ambroise Thomas , French composer († 1896)
- August 6: Judah Philip Benjamin , American politician († 1884)
- August 8: Carl Otto Dammers , German lawyer and politician († 1860)
- August 9th: August Ludwig von Asbrand-Porbeck , German administrative officer († 1863)
- August 12: Hermann Püttmann , German democratic and socialist publicist († 1874)
- August 14: Leopold George , German philosopher, theologian and university lecturer († 1873)
- August 14: Peter Roh , Jesuit preacher and teacher († 1872)
- August 17: Heinrich August Theodor Ludolphi , German writer († 1848)
- August 18: Friedrich Lübker , German classical philologist († 1867)
- August 20: Gilman Marston , American politician and army officer († 1890)
- August 23: Auguste Bravais , French physicist and co-founder of crystallography († 1863)
- August 25: August Gottfried Ritter , German composer and organist († 1885)
- August 26: Karl Friedrich Ameis , German classical philologist († 1870)
- August 26: William C. Cozzens , American politician († 1876)
- August 30: Théophile Gautier , French poet, narrator and critic († 1872)
September October
- September 2: Gustav Heckenast , Hungarian bookseller, publisher and printer († 1878)
- September 4: Ludwig Müller-Uri , German glass artist († 1888)
- September 5: Karl von Beaulieu-Marconnay , diplomat, writer and cultural historian († 1889)
- September 7th: Karl Anton von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen , German nobleman († 1885)
- September 11th: Johann Carl Hickel , Austrian writer († 1855)
- September 11th: Ludwig von der Pfordten , Bavarian and Saxon legal scholar and politician († 1880)
- September 13: Emanuel Félix de Wimpffen , French general († 1884)
- September 13: Friedrich Bausback , German writer and theologian († 1836)
- September 15: Charles de Morny , French politician († 1865)
- September 15: Jan Nepomuk Škroup , Czech composer († 1892)
- September 17: August Theodor Blanche , Swedish writer († 1868)
- September 17: John Brough , American politician († 1865)
- September 18: Woldemar Frege , German lawyer and university professor († 1890)
- September 22nd: Moritz von Stubenrauch , Austrian lawyer († 1865)
- September 25: Ludwig Scabell , founder of the Berlin fire brigade († 1885)
- September 28: Friedrich Hecker , Baden revolutionary of the March Revolution († 1881)
- September 30th: Augusta von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach , as wife of Kaiser Wilhelm I, German Empress and Queen of Prussia († 1890)
- October 8: Moritz von Bethmann , German entrepreneur and banker († 1877)
- October 10: Willem Gerard Brill , Dutch Dutch scholar, Romance scholar, English scholar and historian († 1896)
- October 15: Maximilian Duncker , German historian and politician († 1886)
- October 16: Gaetano Capocci , Italian church musician, organist and composer († 1898)
- October 18: Waitman T. Willey , American politician († 1900)
- October 19: Andreas Munch , Norwegian poet († 1884)
- October 20: Franz von Uchatius , Austrian artillery general and weapons technician († 1881)
- October 22: Hans Peter Holst , Danish poet and novelist († 1893)
- October 22: Franz Liszt , Hungarian pianist and composer († 1886)
- October 24: Ferdinand Hiller , German composer († 1885)
- October 24: Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel , German botanist († 1871)
- October 25: Évariste Galois , French mathematician († 1832)
- October 25: Carl Morgenstern , German landscape painter († 1893)
- October 27: Stevens Mason , American politician († 1843)
- October 27: Isaac Merritt Singer , American entrepreneur and inventor († 1875)
- October 28: Orazio Antinori , Italian zoologist and traveler († 1882)
- October 28: August von Hauner , German pediatrician and university professor († 1884)
- October 29: Adalbert von Prussia , Prussian Prince († 1873)
- October 29: Louis Blanc , French socialist († 1882)
- October 29: Tito Ricordi , Italian music publisher († 1888)
- October: Alexander Bain , Scottish inventor († 1877)
November December
- November 7: Karel Jaromír Erben , Czech poet and historian († 1870)
- November 11: Wyman Bradbury Seavy Moor , American politician († 1869)
- November 13: Yuri Karlowitsch Arnold , Russian composer († 1898)
- November 16: John Bright , British politician († 1889)
- November 20: Heinrich Friedrich Theodor Apfelstedt , German pastor and local history researcher († 1892)
- November 20: Ernst Merck , German entrepreneur, politician († 1863)
- November 21: Zeng Guofan , Chinese civil servant († 1872)
- November 21: Joseph Caspar Jeuch , Swiss architect († 1895)
- November 23: Louis Kufferath , German composer († 1882)
- November 24: Ulrich Ochsenbein , Swiss politician († 1890)
- November 26: Alexander Graf Hübner , Austrian diplomat († 1892)
- November 28: Maximilian II , Bavarian King († 1864)
- November 29: Wendell Phillips , American abolitionist and politician († 1884)
- December 2: Xavier Boisselot , French composer and piano maker († 1893)
- December 3: Eduard Bendemann , German painter († 1889)
- December 4: Martin Hammerich , Danish educator († 1881)
- December 13: Maximilian Joseph Bernhard von Arco-Zinneberg , German nobleman, also known as Adlergraf († 1885)
- December 14: Maximilian von Wächter , Mayor of Nuremberg from 1854 to 1867 († 1884)
- December 16: Karl von Enhuber , Bavarian painter († 1867)
- December 18: Alexander Sándor Asbóth , Hungarian revolutionary and general († 1868)
- December 25: Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler , Bishop of Mainz († 1877)
- December 25: Heinrich Xaver Sieger , German entrepreneur († 1901)
- December 28: Ludwig Philippson , German writer and rabbi († 1889)
- December 31: Otto Plathner , German lawyer and politician († 1884)
Exact date of birth unknown
- Wilhelm Kiesewetter , German painter and ethnographer († August 13, 1865)
Died
First half of the year
- January 1st: Franziska von Hohenheim , morganatic second wife of Duke Karl Eugen von Württemberg (* 1748)
- January 8: Friedrich Nicolai , German writer (* 1733)
- January 8: Francis Bourgeois , English painter (* 1756)
- January 10: Marie-Joseph Chénier , French poet, poet and playwright (* 1764)
- January 11th: Johann Christian Stark the Elder , German medic (* 1753)
- January 23: Leonardo Antonelli , Italian cardinal to the Curia (* 1730)
- January 31: Hanns Moritz von Brühl , Prussian director of the Chausseen (* 1746)
- February 3: Johann Beckmann , economist (* 1739)
- February 6: Samuel McIntire , American architect and artist (* 1757)
- February 25: Andreas Merian-Iselin , representative of the Basel counter-revolution (* 1742)
- February 26: Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta , Spanish governor of Chile and president of the first government junta of Chile (* 1727)
- February 27: Joseph Leitgeb , Austrian horn player (* 1732)
- March 5th: Eugen Montag , abbot of the Cistercian monastery in Ebrach (* 1741)
- March 6: Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont , Archbishop of Mexico and Viceroy of New Spain (* 1749)
- March 13: Franz Paul von Herbert , Austrian patron of the arts (* 1759)
- March 14: Augustus Henry Fitzroy , British Prime Minister (* 1735)
- March 19: František Adam Míča , Czech composer (* 1746)
- April 2: Tomás de Figueroa , Spanish officer (* 1747)
- April 3: Pieter Jozef Verhaghen , Flemish painter (* 1728)
- April 4: Johann Caspar Häfeli , Swiss Reformed theologian (* 1754)
- April 5: Robert Raikes , English social reformer (* 1735)
- April 14th: Heinrich Hermann Freytag , German-Dutch organ builder (* 1759)
- April 17th: Johann Heinrich Schüle , German entrepreneur, calico manufacturer (* 1720)
- April 29: Joseph Anton Pozzi , Swiss plasterer (* 1732)
- May 5th: Robert Mylne , Scottish architect (* 1734)
- June 10: Karl Friedrich , Grand Duke of Baden (* 1728)
- June 19: Samuel Chase , one of the founding fathers of the USA (* 1741)
- June 27: Georg Martin von Lubomirski , Polish general (* 1738)
Second half of the year
- July 3: William Chalmers , Swedish director of the Swedish East India Company (* 1748)
- July 8: Engelbert Klüpfel , German Roman Catholic theologian (* 1733)
- July 19: Raphaël Bienvenu Sabatier , French medic (* 1732)
- July 23: Abraham Abramson , German medalist (* 1752 or 1754)
- July 23: Wilhelm René de l'Homme de Courbière , Prussian general (* 1733)
- July 28: Heinrich Joseph von Collin , Austrian writer (* 1771)
- July 29: Richard Bache , American politician (* 1737)
- July 29: William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire , British nobleman (* 1748)
- July 30th: Miguel Hidalgo , Mexican priest and revolutionary (* 1753)
- August 2: William Williams , Connecticut delegate to the Continental Congress (* 1731)
- August 12: John Acton , Italian politician and military officer of English descent (* 1736)
- August 13: Hinrich Just Müller , German organ builder (* 1740)
- August 18: Johann Heinrich Zang , baroque composer (* 1733)
- August 20: Moses Büding , Oberhof agent and bank founder in Kassel (* 1748/49)
- August 21: Barbara Zdunk , shepherdess of Polish descent, victim of the Prussian justice system (* 1769)
- August 26th: Thomas Fitzsimons , American politician (* around 1741)
- August 27: Jean-Baptiste Huet , French painter (* 1745)
- August 31: Louis Antoine de Bougainville , French navigator and writer (* 1729)
- September 3: Ignaz Fränzl , German composer, violinist, violist and conductor (* 1736)
- September 4: Matsumura Goshun , Japanese painter of the Edo period and founder of the Shijō school (* 1752)
- September 6: Johann Georg Lehmann , German geodesist and cartographer (* 1765)
- September 8: Peter Simon Pallas , German naturalist and geographer (* 1741)
- September 16: Jakob Adam , Austrian engraver (* 1748)
- September 18: André Rigaud , Haitian politician (* 1761)
- September 18: Jean Trembley , Swiss mathematician and philosopher (* 1749)
- September 21: Ferdinand Graf Tige , Austrian cavalry general and President of the Court War Council (* 1719)
- September 26: Christian Friedrich Matthäi , German classical philologist (* 1744)
- September 30th: Thomas Percy , English poet and Anglican bishop (* 1729)
- October 5: Samuel Maclay , American politician (* 1741)
- October 11: Johann Conrad Ammann , Swiss doctor, natural history and art collector (* 1724)
- October 31: Christian Gotthilf Salzmann , German educator (* 1744)
- November 2: Adam Moralt , German musician (* 1748)
- November 16: Joseph Hamilton Daviess , commander of the Dragoons (* 1744)
- November 21: Heinrich von Kleist , Prussian playwright, storyteller, poet and publicist (* 1777)
- November 21: Henriette Vogel , mistress of Heinrich von Kleist (* 1780)
- November 27: Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos , Spanish statesman and Enlightenment writer (* 1744)
- December 2: Jacob Matthias Schmutzer , Austrian engraver and painter (* 1733)
- December 9th: Johann Christian Friedrich Flemming , German organ builder (* 1745)
- December 16: Samuel Daniell , British painter (* 1775)
- December 21: Johanne Friederike Lohmann , German writer (* 1749)
- December 21: Luise von Brandenburg-Schwedt , Princess and Duchess of Anhalt-Dessau (* 1750)
- December 25th: Joseph Antoine Morio , French officer and Minister of War of the Kingdom of Westphalia (* 1771)
- December 26: George William Smith , American politician (* 1762)
- December 26: Abraham B. Venable , American politician (* 1758)
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