1457
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Calendar overview 1457
Map with all linked sites: | 1457 | |
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| 1457 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 905/906 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1449/50 |
| Aztec calendar | 3. Feuerstein - Jei Tecpatl (until the end of January / beginning of February: 2nd pipes - Ome Acatl ) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2000/01 (southern Buddhism); 1999/2000 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 69th (70th) cycle
Year of the Fire Ox丁丑 ( at the beginning of the year Fire Rat 丙子) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 819/820 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 835/836 |
| Islamic calendar | 861/862 (turn of the year 18/19 November) |
| Jewish calendar | 5217/18 (September 18-19) |
| Coptic calendar | 1173/74 |
| Malayalam calendar | 632/633 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1767/68 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1768/69 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1495 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1513/14 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Ottoman Empire / Balkans
- September 2 : The Battle of Albulena between the Christian defense alliance of the League of Lezha under the leadership of the Albanian Prince Skanderbeg and the Ottoman invasion army of Sultan Mehmed II in the north of what is now Albania ends with a victory for the League. The victory sustainably strengthens the Albanian self-confidence in the defensive struggle. Pope Calixt III. appoints Skanderbeg the day before Christmas Eve as Captain-General of the Roman Curia and Captain-General of the Holy See . For his special services in the defense of Christianity against the Ottomans, he also awards him the honorary title Athleta Christi .
Republic of Venice
Because of the high costs of his policy, which mainly consisted of war costs, but also costs for the construction work in the city, such as the redesign of the Doge's Palace and the construction of the fortress on the island of Vignole to protect the Lido , on October 23 the Venetian doge Francesco Foscari deposed. His successor will be Pasquale Malipiero , who will be named Prince of Peace. Francesco himself survived this humiliation only a few days. His funeral takes place in the Frari Church with all the honors due to a Doge and the participation of the population was extremely high.
Holy Roman Empire
- July: Catalano Grimaldi , Lord of Monaco , dies. Although he appointed his daughter Claudine Grimaldi as sole heir in his will , his mother Pomelline initially took over the rule as guardian of his six-year-old daughter after his death. She is married to her grand-uncle Lambert Grimaldi , who is 36 years her senior , who will become the next master of Monaco.
- October 23 : With the Kranenburg Treaty, the Münster collegiate feud , a dispute over the occupation of the bishop's chair in Münster and thus also over the rule in the monastery of Münster between Walram von Moers and Erich von Hoya , is settled after a four-year struggle. Johann von Pfalz-Simmern , who was not involved in the fighting , becomes Bishop of Münster , Erich von Hoya receives lifelong income equivalent to the Cologne Cathedral Provost. The city of Münster undertakes to recognize the new bishop, to let him into the city and to pay homage to him. On the other hand, the new bishop promises to recognize the city's previous privileges . The new bishop moves into Münster at the beginning of November, swears the oath of office a short time later and swears to the election surrender .
Asia
- The Chinese Emperor Jingtai from the Ming Dynasty falls seriously ill and dies on March 14th , possibly murdered by his own eunuchs. His predecessor Zhengtong , whom he had imprisoned, takes the throne again, this time under the name Tianshun.
- The Sultanate of Sulu in the Philippines is established. (According to some sources also earlier)
economy
- In the land above the Enns, Schinderlinge are minted for the first time , the fine silver content of which is greatly reduced in pennies , which turn black over time. This triggers the first open inflation in Germany.
science and technology
- September 21 : Archduke Albrecht VI. of Austria founds in Freiburg with the consent of Pope Calixt III. the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg .
- The Genoese world map is drawn.
Culture and society
- August 14th : The Mainz Psalter ( Psalterium Moguntinum ), the first dated incunabulum in the history of writing , is completed by Peter Schöffer . It serves liturgical purposes.
- Golf and football are banned by the Scottish Parliament to promote archery skills .
- The executioner's walkway in Nuremberg is built.
- around 1457: Donatello completes the sculpture Judith and Holofernes, commissioned by the Medici family .
- around 1457: The book of the loving heart is created.
religion
- February 6th : The Marienfeld Altar designed by Johann Koerbecke is set up in the Marienfeld Cistercian Abbey . It consists of a total of 16 panels, each measuring 93 × 65 cm, with eight scenes from the Passion of Christ and eight from the life of Mary and Christ.
- March 1st : The Brethren University in Kunvald is founded.
Born
Date of birth saved
- January 28 : Henry VII , King of England († 1509 )
- February 2 : Petrus Martyr von Anghiera , Spanish historian and cartographer († 1526 )
- February 13 : Mary of Burgundy , Duchess of Burgundy († 1482 )
- May 27 : Bernhard Adelmann von Adelmannsfelden , German humanist († 1523 )
- September 7th : Stephana Quinzani , beatified Terziarin in the Dominican order († 1530 )
- September 21 : Hedwig Jagiellonica ("Jadwiga"), wife of Duke George the Rich († 1502 )
- November 16 : Beatrix of Aragón , Queen of Hungary and Queen of Bohemia († 1508 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Johannes Aesticampianus , theologian and humanist († 1520 )
- Jean Bourdichon , French painter and illuminator of manuscripts († 1521 )
- Hugo von Hohenlandenberg , Prince-Bishop of Konstanz († 1532 )
- Diogo Ortiz de Vilhegas , Portuguese cosmographer, theologian and bishop of Spanish origin († 1519 )
Born around 1457
- 1457/ 58 : Alexander Agricola , composer, singer and instrumentalist († 1506 )
Died
First half of the year
- January 25 : Heinrich IV. Von Rosenberg from the house of the Rosenbergs, captain in Silesia (* 1427 )
- March 14th : Jingtai , Chinese Emperor of the Ming Dynasty (* 1428 )
Ladislaus Hunyadis tomb in the Catholic Cathedral in Alba Iulia
- March 16 : Ladislaus Hunyadi , Hungarian politician (* 1433 )
- April 17th : Wartislaw IX. , Ruler of Pomerania-Wolgast (* 1400 )
- April 27th : Johann Bere , councilor of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck
- 24 / May 25 : basinio basini , Italian poet (* 1425 )
- May 29 : Johann Schleeter , auxiliary bishop in Cologne
- June 10 : Franz Kuhschmalz , Bishop in Breslau and Prince-Bishop of Warmia
Second half of the year
- July 29 : Francesco Pesellino , Florentine painter (* around 1422 )
- July 31 : Bohuslaus von Zwole , Bishop of Olomouc
- July: Catalano Grimaldi , Lord of Monaco (* 1415 )
- August 1st : Gauhar-Schad , Persian nobleman and first wife of Shah-Rukh, the Timurid ruler of Herat (* around 1378 )
- August 1st : Lorenzo Valla , Italian humanist and canon (* 1405 or 1407 )
- August 19 : Andrea del Castagno , Italian painter (* 1421 )
- September 14th : Margarethe von Pfalz-Mosbach , Countess of Hanau (* 1432 )
- September 22nd : Peter II , Duke of Brittany and Count of Montfort-l'Amaury (* 1418 )
- September 30th : Bruno Warendorp , Councilor and Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
- October 7th : John of Coimbra , Portuguese nobleman (* around 1431 )
- October 24 : Margarete von Baden , Electress of Brandenburg (* 1431 )
- November 1st : Francesco Foscari , 65th Doge of Venice (* 1373 )
- November 3 : Ludwig II , Count of Württemberg-Urach (* 1439 )
- November 7th : Danjong , 6th King of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea (* 1441 )
- November 23 : Ladislaus Postumus , King of Bohemia and as Ladislaus V, King of Hungary, Duke of Austria (* 1440 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Bernhard Berlin , Mayor of Heilbronn
- Bartolomeo Facio , Italian humanist and astrologer (* 1400 )
- Andreas Fugger , German businessman and progenitor of the Fugger vom Reh (* 1394 )
Web links
Commons : 1457 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
