1421
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Calendar overview 1421
Map with all linked sites: | 1421 | |
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 of Duke Albrecht V, the Vienna Gesera , the planned destruction of the Jewish communities, takes place . |
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| 1421 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 869/870 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1413/14 |
| Aztec calendar | 6. Feuerstein - Chicuace Tecpatl (until the end of January / beginning of February: 5th pipes - Macuilli Acatl ) |
| Buddhist calendar | 1964/65 (southern Buddhism); 1963/64 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 68th (69th) cycle
Year of the Metal Ox辛丑 ( at the beginning of the year Metal Rat 庚子) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 783/784 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 799/800 |
| Islamic calendar | 823/ 824 /825 (Year 5/6 January. // 25/26. December) |
| Jewish calendar | 5181/82 (August 27-28) |
| Coptic calendar | 1137/38 |
| Malayalam calendar | 596/597 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1731/32 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1732/33 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1459 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1477/78 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Hundred Years War
Depiction of the Battle of Baugé as illumination from the Vigiles du roi Charles VII by Martial d'Auvergne
- March 22nd : In the Battle of Baugé in the Hundred Years' War between England and France, the English troops under Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence , brother of the English King Henry V , suffer a heavy defeat against allied Franco- Scottish troops the order of John Stewart, 3rd Earl of Buchan . The duke himself is killed in the process.
- On Easter Sunday , March 23rd, the rest of the English army began their retreat towards La Flèche . With this the new commander Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury , succeeds in bypassing the opposing army, which is threatening his lines of retreat. The army crossed the Loir using a makeshift bridge and reached safe Le Mans .
- June: King Henry V of England crosses over to France and sets out immediately after landing to detach Thomas Beaufort, 1st Duke of Exeter , in Paris. This is threatened by several French armed forces stationed in Dreux , Meaux and Joigny . After a brief siege, the king conquers Dreux and then turns south. He conquered Vendôme and Beaugency before marching on Orléans . However, since he did not have enough supplies to besiege such a large and well-fortified city, after three days he turned north and first conquered Villeneuve-le-Roi and then marched on to Meaux.
- October: Henry V begins the siege of Meaux . However, epidemics soon break out in the English camp.
Holy Roman Empire
- March 12th : In Austria , on the orders of Duke Albrecht V, the Vienna Gesera , the planned annihilation of the Jewish communities and the cremation of more than 200 Jews near Vienna . Jewish life in the Duchy of Austria is largely, if not completely, destroyed.
- April 23 : Johann III. from the house of Dampierre , which has no heirs, sells the right of inheritance in the county of Namur to Philip the Good , Duke of Burgundy .
- August 5 : During the Hussite Wars , an Imperial Catholic relief army under the command of Friedrich von Meissen defeats radical Hussites under the command of Jan Želivský in the Battle of Brüx .
Balkans
- Balša III. , who dies childless, transfers his principality of Montenegro to the Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević shortly before his death . This ends the rule of the Balšić in Montenegro.
Ottoman Empire
- May 26th : Mehmed I , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire , dies at the age of 32 in Adrianople, presumably in a riding accident. Until his son Murad II arrives , his death is kept secret to prevent a fratricidal war.
Empire of China
- February 2 : The Chinese Emperor Zhu Di inaugurates the Forbidden City of Beijing as the center of power.
- The fleet of the Chinese three-jewel eunuch and admiral Zheng He sets sail again on behalf of Emperor Yongle , crosses the Indian Ocean and lands on the coasts of the Persian Empire and East Africa on a diplomatic mission.
First documentary mentions
- Braunwald is first mentioned in a document.
religion
- Nikolaus von Oldenburg-Delmenhorst becomes Archbishop of Bremen .
- The harvest altar in the Forbidden City in Beijing is set up.
Disasters
- November 18 : A severe storm surge on the North Sea known as the Elisabethenflut affects mainly eastern England and the Netherlands. It costs about 10,000 deaths and changes the estuaries of the Meuse , Scheldt and Rhine .
Born
Date of birth saved
- May 29 : Charles , Prince of Viana, pretender to the throne of Aragón and Navarre († 1461 )
- July 3 : Giovanni di Cosimo de 'Medici , Florentine patrician, younger son of Cosimo de Medici († 1463 )
- December 6th : Henry VI. , King of England from the House of Lancaster († 1471 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Anton Bastard of Burgundy , Count of La Roche († 1504 )
- Stephan von Pfalz-Simmern , Canon in Strasbourg, Mainz, Cologne, Speyer and Liège († 1485 )
- Bartolomeo Platina , Italian humanist and librarian († 1481 )
- Andreas Ritzos , Greek icon painter († 1492 )
- Bernhard von Rohr , Archbishop of Salzburg († 1487 )
- Catherine of Saxony , Princess of Saxony, Electress of Brandenburg († 1476 )
- Iio Sōgi , Japanese poet († 1502 )
- John Willoughby , English knight († around 1477 )
Born around 1421
- Jean de La Balue , French cardinal and minister († 1491 )
- Vespasiano da Bisticci , Florentine bookseller and publisher († 1498 )
Died
First half of the year
- February 13 : Nanni di Banco , Italian sculptor (* around 1384 )
- March 3 : John I , Duke of Opole, Bishop of Poznan, Wloclawek, Pomerania and Kulm (* around 1360 / 64 )
- March 14 : Edward Charlton, 5th Baron Charlton , Welsh Marcher Lord (* around 1370 )
- March 22nd : John Gray, Earl of Tancarville , English nobleman, military man and diplomat (* between 1384 and 1391)
- March 22nd : Thomas of Lancaster , English nobleman, 1st Duke of Clarence, prince of the English royal family (* 1388 )
- March 28th : Thomas de Camoys, 1st Baron Camoys , English nobleman
- April 5 : Balthasar , German nobleman, Lord of Werle-Güstrow, Prince of Wenden (* around 1375 )
- April 25 : Weiprecht II. Von Helmstatt , German Imperial Knight, Councilor and Vogt in the Oberamt Bretten (* 1369 )
- after May 5th : Wolfhard von Ehrenfels , Bishop of Lavant
- May 19 : Albrecht von Wertheim , Prince-Bishop of the Bamberg Monastery
- May 26th : Mehmed I , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (* 1389 )
- June : Philibert de Naillac , French nobleman, 34th Grand Master of the Order of St. John
Second half of the year
- July 10 : Albert III. von Stauffenberg , Bishop of Regensburg, Prince-Bishop of the Regensburg Monastery
- 14 / 16 August : Peter Zmrzlík of Schweißing , Bohemian nobleman, member of the royal council and mintmaster
- August 21 : Martin Húska , Czech preacher and radical church reformer
- September 22nd : Ulrich V. von Neuhaus , Bohemian nobleman, highest mint master in Bohemia
- November 17th : Gobelin person , German historian and church reformer (* 1358 )
- December 13 : Hermann von Cilli , Bishop of Freising (* 1383 )
- December 20 : John II of Schlamstorf , Archbishop of Bremen
Exact date of death unknown
- al-Mu'aiyad Sheikh : Sultan of the Mamluks in Egypt (* 1369 )
- Jean II. Le Maingre : French knight, Marshal of France (* 1366 )
- Johannes de Pustimir : Czech scholar
- Balša III. Stracimirović , Serbian prince in Montenegro (* 1386 )
Web links
Commons : 1421 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
