1422

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1422
In the Battle of Arbedo , the Duchy of Milan defeats the troops of the Old Confederation .
1422 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	870/871 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1414/15
Aztec calendar	7th house - Chicome Calli (until the end of January / beginning of February: 6th Feuerstein - Chicuace Tecpatl )
Buddhist calendar	1965/66 (southern Buddhism); 1964/65 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	68th (69th) cycle Year of the water tiger壬寅 ( at the beginning of the year metal buffalo 辛丑)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	784/785 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	800/801
Islamic calendar	825/826 (turn of the year 14/15 December)
Jewish calendar	5182/83 (September 16-17)
Coptic calendar	1138/39
Malayalam calendar	597/598
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1732/33 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1733/34 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1460
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1478/79 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Hundred Years War

Battle of Meaux

• May 9th : The siege of Meaux , begun in the previous year, ends with a victory for the besieging English in the Hundred Years War and the surrender of the city by the French garrison. But the English King Henry V fell seriously ill during the siege and died in Vincennes Castle on August 31 of the dysentery. He will be succeeded by his eight-month-old son Henry VI. for whom the reign is shared. His uncle Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, takes over the rule of the Kingdom of England , his other uncle John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford , takes over the administration of the English-ruled parts of France . Heinrich's mother, Catharine de Valois , is systematically kept away from her son because of her French descent.
• October 21 : King Charles VI too . of France dies. His son Charles VII , who was disinherited in the previous year , was proclaimed king in Bourges and thus established the time of the Loire kings , while the English party gave his grandson Henry VI. sees as a legitimate successor based on the Treaty of Troyes .

Milan / Confederation

• April 4th : Milanese troops attack and capture Bellinzona . The federal towns of Uri and Unterwalden , which the city bought in 1419 , then prepared for war and crossed the Gotthard Pass . Help from other federal locations is only hesitant.

Depiction of the Battle of Arbedo in the Tschachtlan Chronicle 1470

• June 30th : In the Battle of Arbedo as part of the Ennetbirgischen campaigns , the troops of the Old Confederation are defeated by the units of the Duchy of Milan under the command of the Condottiere Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola in an encircling movement. The Confederates are already on the retreat to the north, because they previously faced a presumed six-fold superiority.

Bavaria

• September 19 : After he had to break off the siege of Munich without success, the Wittelsbacher Ludwig VII of Bavaria-Ingolstadt is defeated by his cousins Ernst and Wilhelm III. of Bavaria-Munich in the Battle of Alling , the decisive battle of the Bavarian War . Duke Ernst donates the Church of St. Maria and Georg in Hoflach to commemorate the battle. At the instigation of King Sigismund , who wanted to concentrate his forces on the Hussites , a four-year armistice was concluded between the warring parties on October 2nd, mediated by Eichstätt Prince-Bishop Johann II von Heideck in Regensburg . The Duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt is temporarily subordinate to a royal governor, Ludwig VII. Follows the king at his court in Hungary and Heinrich XVI. von Bayern-Landshut is sent to Lithuania to support the Teutonic Order . The dispute between the two Bavarian dukes is shifted back to the legal process. In the same year the ox war of Henry XVI ends . with Count Georg III. von Haag , who wanted to use the Bavarian War for his own purposes.

Electoral Saxony

• before November 12th: Albrecht III. , Elector and Duke of Saxony-Wittenberg from the House of Ascania , dies without descendants entitled to inherit. Since he leaves no children behind, the Ascan government in Saxony-Wittenberg ends with his death. The German King Sigismund draws in the duchy as a settled imperial fief .

Hussite Wars

• January: The third crusade against the Hussites ends with two more defeats by the Imperial Catholic armies at Kuttenberg and Deutschbrod .
• March 9th : The execution of the Hussite priest Jan Želivský causes bloody unrest in Prague. Residents of the Jewish quarter in particular suffer from this, but they bear no responsibility for the death of the executed person.
• The atrocities of which the Taborites are guilty anger the Calixtines so much that they split off and choose their own king in the person of the Lithuanian Prince Zygmond Korybut . The Polish King Władysław Jagiełło supports his nephew in this company. Together with his brother Duke Witold Vytautas, Korybut entered Prague on May 17th with a strong army of soldiers . However, because the crown of Bohemia is missing for the coronation, there is a five-month siege of Karlstein Castle , which ultimately remains unsuccessful. When Pope Martin V insists that the King of Poland recall Prince Korybut immediately, the Polish-Lithuanian troops have to withdraw from Bohemia on December 24th .

German Order / Poland / Lithuania

• March 10 : Paul von Rusdorf is elected Grand Master of the Teutonic Order to succeed Michael Küchmeister, who has resigned due to illness . He is continuing the peace negotiations with Poland and Lithuania .
• September 27th : With the peace of Lake Melno , the Teutonic Order loses areas in Poland and Lithuania such as Nieszawa and Samogitia . In return, the King of Poland renounces the claims to Pomeranian , Kulmer Land and Michelauer Land .

Siege of Constantinople

Constantinople 1422, map by Cristoforo Buondelmonti

• June to September: John VIII , who took over the affairs of government in the Byzantine Empire for his father Manuel II , who had suffered a stroke , was able to repel the first siege of Constantinople by the Ottoman Empire under Murad II . The Ottomans attacked Byzantium after Manuel II interfered in the succession to the throne after Mehmed I, who died the previous year .

economy

• Margrave Friedrich IV. Von Kulmbach-Ansbach grants the Rittmayer family the right to brew .

Culture

Southwest view of the Liberei

• April 25 : The Liberei in Braunschweig is completed. The construction of the library in the brick Gothic style was delayed by almost ten years because of the Braunschweig Pfaffenkrieg .

religion

• Katharina Knoll founds the Königshofen Monastery on the Heide .

Born

Date of birth saved

• March 8 : Jacopo Ammannati Piccolomini , Italian cardinal († 1479 )
• May 21 : Heinrich von Sachsen , prince from the Wettin dynasty († 1435 )
• June 7 : Federico da Montefeltro , Italian condottiere , Duke of Urbino († 1482 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Victor von Carben , Jewish scholar and rabbi, converted to Catholicism, Catholic priest († 1515 )
• Georg Emmerich , German businessman, mayor of Görlitz († 1507 )
• Mircea II , Prince of Wallachia († 1446 )
• Ulrich Schwarz , German councilor and city caretaker in Augsburg († 1478 )
• Giacopo Antonio Venier , Spanish cardinal († 1479 )

Born around 1422

• William Caxton , English printer, publisher and translator († 1491 )
• Giovanni Battista Savelli , Italian cardinal († 1498 )

Died

Date of death secured

• March 9 : Jan Želivský , Czech priest of the Hussites (* around 1380 )
• March 13 : John Clifford, 7th Baron de Clifford , English nobleman (* around 1388 )

• May 15 : Gerhard II von Goch , Bishop of Naumburg

Stone figures in front of King Taejong's tomb

• May 30th : Taejong , King of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea (* 1367 )

• July 8 : Michelle de Valois , French princess, Duchess of Burgundy (* 1395 )
• August 26 : Taddeo di Bartolo , Italian painter (* around 1362 / 63 )
• August 31 : Henry V , King of England (* 1387 )

Memorial plaque for Cardinal Alamanno Adimari, who died of the plague, at the Church of Santa Francesca Romana in Rome

• September 17th : Alamanno Adimari , Archbishop of Taranto and Cardinal of the Catholic Church (* 1362 )

• October 16 : Johann IV. , Duke of Mecklenburg (* before 1370 )
• October 21 : Charles VI. , King of France (* 1368 )
• December 21 : Engelmar Chrel , Official and Vicar General of the Archdiocese of Salzburg, Bishop of Chiemsee

Exact date of death unknown

• before November 12th : Albrecht III. Elector of Saxony-Wittenberg (* around 1375 / 1380 )

• Georg I , Imperial Count of the County of Ortenburg
• Conrad von Soest , German painter (* 1370 )
• Gadifer de La Salle , French knight and conqueror (* 1355 )

Died around 1422

• Andrew Wyntoun , Scottish clergyman and historian (* around 1350 )

Web links

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