1423

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1423
England defeats the French at the Battle of Cravant .
Frederick the Arguable is elevated to the rank of elector .	Francesco Foscari becomes Doge of Venice .
1423 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	871/872 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1415/16
Aztec calendar	8. Rabbit - Chicuei Tochtli (until the end of January / beginning of February: 7th house - Chicome Calli )
Buddhist calendar	1966/67 (southern Buddhism); 1965/66 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	68th (69th) cycle Year of the water hare癸卯 ( at the beginning of the year water tiger 壬寅)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	785/786 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	801/802
Islamic calendar	826/827 (turn of the year 4th / 5th December)
Jewish calendar	5183/84 (September 5-6)
Coptic calendar	1139/40
Malayalam calendar	598/599
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1733/34 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1734/35 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1461
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1479/80 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Hundred Years War

• July 31st : Two Allied armies clash at the Battle of Cravant near Cravant on the banks of the River Yonne . England and the Duchy of Burgundy under the command of Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury , defeat a united army of France , Scotland and the Duchy of Brittany under Louis I de Bourbon, comte de Vendôme and John Stewart, 3rd Earl of Buchan .
• September 26th : On the way back from a raid, an English force in the Hundred Years' War is largely killed by a French force at the Battle of La Brossinière . The victory was received with enthusiasm across France and marked an important achievement for the young King Charles VII.

Holy Roman Empire

• January 6th : The Meissen Margrave Friedrich from the House of Wettin is enfeoffed by the later Emperor for his services to the Duchy of Saxony-Wittenberg and the Palatinate County of Saxony . At the same time connected with this is the dignity of Elector of Saxony .
• April 20 : The Hussites under Jan Žižka and Diviš Bořek z Miletínka defeat units of the Catholic Alliance under Vinzenz von Wartenberg in the Battle of Horschitz .
• May 15 : Troops from the Swabian imperial cities and from Henriette von Württemberg conquer Hohenzollern Castle after several months of siege and destroy it completely. You are performing the eight over the insolvent Zollerngrafen Friedrich XII.
• June 25th : Duke Rainald von Jülich and Geldern dies without leaving any descendants. In Jülich, his distant cousin Adolf von Berg follows him to the throne without any problems and establishes the Duchy of Jülich-Berg . In contrast to Geldern, the Second War of the Geldrian Succession breaks out against Arnold von Egmond , who is elected Duke by the estates.
• September 29th : The Roman-German king, later to become Emperor Sigismund, transfers the imperial regalia to the city of Nuremberg for perpetual safekeeping .

• The radical Hussite wing of the Sirotci is founded.
• The Vry-Jade castle is destroyed by the Frisians.

Republic of Venice

Francesco Foscari's coat of arms

• April 4 : Francesco Foscari is elected to succeed the late Tommaso Mocenigo as the new Doge of Venice . His opponent Pietro Loredan , who was unsuccessful in the election , becomes the leader of the opposition to the offensive policy initiated by the Doge with the aim of permanent expansion and the expansion of the Terraferma in northern Italy.

First documentary mentions and city rights

• The Polish municipalities of Dąbie and Łódź received city ​​rights .
• The place Kavečany is first mentioned in a document.

Culture

• Bernardine of Siena preaches in Bologna against vain trinkets in general and the card game in particular. Playing cards are burned at the stake in penance .
• Branda Castiglione , humanist, cardinal and papal legate, began a lively construction activity in his hometown Castiglione , for which he brought in important artists. The city is still shaped by it today.

religion

• January 1st : Duke Ludwig II of Liegnitz founds the Liegnitz Charterhouse and settled it with monks from the Erfurt Charterhouse .
• March 2 : In the London suburb of Smithfield, the priest and lollard William Taylor is burned for heresy.
• June 10 : After the death of the antipope Benedict XIII. He is succeeded in this function by Gil Sánchez Muñoz y Carbón, who was elected by three of the four cardinals appointed by him, as Clement VIII .
• Five years after the Council of Constance had ended, a new assembly convened in Pavia on time, which proclaimed the Council's superiority over the Pope. Martin V therefore dissolved it.

Born

Date of birth saved

• April 4 : Johann III. , Count of Saarbrücken († 1472 )
• April 5 : Endres Tucher , German builder († 1507 )

• May 30th : Georg von Peuerbach , Austrian astronomer, pioneer of the Copernican worldview († 1461 )
• July 3 : Louis XI. , King of France († 1483 )
• August: Demetrios Chalkokondyles , Greek humanist, scholar and professor of the Greek language in Italy († 1511 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Pierre d'Aubusson , French nobleman, 40th Grand Master of the Order of St. John († 1503 )
• Gaston IV , French nobleman, Count of Foix and Bigorre († 1472 )
• Uzun Hasan , ruler of Aq Qoyunlu († 1478 )
• William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke , Welsh soldier and statesman, the first Welsh to become an English peer († 1469 )
• Ichijō Norifusa , Japanese regent for Emperor Go-Hanazono († 1480 )
• Khedrub Norsang Gyatsho , Tibetan scholar and clergyman of Tibetan Buddhism († 1513 )

Born around 1423

• John Babington , English knight († 1485 )

Died

Date of death secured

• January 18 : Henry X. , Duke of Glogau and Frey City and Governor of Upper Lusatia (* 1388 / 96 )
• January 19 : Simon de Cramaud , French lawyer, diplomat, church politician and pseudocardinal (* around 1345 )

• March 4 : Jean Courtecuisse , French dean of the theological faculty of the Sorbonne, Bishop of Paris and Geneva (* around 1350 )
• April 4 : Hugo von Montfort , Austrian poet (* 1357 )

Tomb of Tommaso Mocenigo in the Church of San Zanipolo

• April 4 : Tommaso Mocenigo , Doge of Venice (* around 1343 )

• May 23 : Pedro Martínez de Luna y Gotor, under the name Benedict XIII. Antipope (* around 1327 )
• June 25 : Rainald , Duke of Jülich and Geldern (* around 1365 )

• probably July 26th : Johann Ember , German cleric, book collector and library founder (* around 1365 )
• August 3 : Georg von Hohenlohe , Prince-Bishop of Passau (* around 1350 )

• 8 / 10 November : Konrad Elye , Bishop of Basel (* before 1375)

Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg

• December 15 : Michael Küchmeister 28 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (* around 1360 / 70 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Margaret of Bavaria , Duchess of Burgundy (* 1363 )
• Friedrich von Blankenheim , Bishop of Strasbourg and Utrecht (* around 1355 )
• Heinrich I von Hartenstein , Burgrave of Meißen (* before 1381)
• Hans Ludmann von Rotberg , Basel nobleman and politician (* before 1390)

Herdegen Valzner's tomb in the Heilig-Geist-Spital

• Herdegen Valzner , Nuremberg patrician, mining entrepreneur, banker and carer of the Heilig-Geist-Spital
• Johann von Waldow , Bishop of Brandenburg and Lebus
• Wenceslaus III , Duke of Liegnitz and Ohlau, Lord of Nimptsch (* 1400 )

Web links

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