1388

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1388
The battle of Näfels ends the Swiss Habsburg Wars .
1388 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	836/837 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1380/81
Aztec calendar	12. Tubes - Matlactli omome Acatl (until the end of January / beginning of February 11th Rabbit - Matlactli ozce Tochtli )
Buddhist calendar	1931/32 (southern Buddhism); 1930/31 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	68th (69th) cycle Year of the earth dragon戊辰 ( at the beginning of the year fire rabbit 丁卯)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	750/751 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	766/767
Islamic calendar	789/ 790 /791 (Year 10-11 January. // 30-31. December)
Jewish calendar	5148/49 (2/3 September)
Coptic calendar	1104/05
Malayalam calendar	563/564
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1698/99 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1699/1700 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1426
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1444/45

Events

Politics and world events

Swiss Habsburg Wars

• 21 / February 22 : During the Swiss Habsburg wars open the inhabitants of the 1386 occupied by the Confederates city Weesen according to tradition, the troops of the Austrian Duke Albrecht III. von Habsburg secretly opened the city gates. This is followed by the “Weesen Murder Night”, in which a large part of the federal occupation is killed.

Depiction of the battle in the Spiezer Chronicle of 1484/85

• April 9th : The residents of Glarus defend themselves successfully against an attack by the Habsburgs in the Battle of Näfels , the last battle of the Sempach War , with the support of Schwyz and Uri . Glarus thus rises to an equal member of the Eight Old Places of the Confederation . Glarus and Swiss then destroy the Habsburg city of Weesen as an act of revenge.

Other events in the Holy Roman Empire

Great Dortmund feud

• February 21 : The great Dortmund feud begins with the sending of the feud letter by the Cologne Elector Friedrich III. von Saar Werden to the Dortmund council, who received another letter from Engelbert III the next day . from the mark follows. In addition to the Archbishop of Cologne and the Count von der Mark , more than 40 other territorial lords of the imperial city of Dortmund announce the feud , among them the Archbishops and Electors of Mainz and Trier , the Bishops of Augsburg , Bamberg , Münster , Paderborn and Osnabrück , the Count Palatine near the Rhine and the dukes and counts of Jülich-Berg-Ravensberg , Württemberg , Moers , Sponheim , Braunschweig-Lüneburg , Tecklenburg , Rietberg and Holstein-Pinneberg . There are also some smaller Westphalian cities and around 1,200 members of the rural lower nobility. The reason was the controversial execution of Agnes von der Vierbecke ten years earlier. Most of the coalition members only take part in the feud on a pro forma basis. On February 24th the first fighting broke out, on April 17th the bombardment of the city by the archiepiscopal and march troops began. These can do little against the city walls, however, and the counterfire and by the end of the year more than a hundred failures by Dortmund will cause serious damage to the attackers.

War of the Lüneburg Succession

Battle of the Strietfield in Winsen

• May 23 : The Welf Heinrich I von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel triumphs at Winsen an der Aller in the Lüneburg War of Succession against the troops of Wenceslas I , who had surprisingly died of an illness days before. Together with his brother Bernhard I , Heinrich takes control of the Principality of Lüneburg , while the third brother Friedrich receives the Principality of Braunschweig.

Swabian Association of Cities

• August 23 : In the Battle of Döffingen , the mercenaries of the Swabian League of Cities are defeated by the troops of Count Eberhard II of Württemberg . The defeat heralds the end of the imperial political importance of city ​​leagues .
• November 6th : Near Worms , the Rhenish League of Towns also suffers a defeat against Count Palatine and Elector Ruprecht of the Palatinate .

Scandinavia

• Beginning of the year: The Danish Queen Margaret I enforces the recognition of her great-nephew Erich von Pommern's right of inheritance as King of Norway . The Danish-Norwegian personal union is thus de facto continued and consolidated in their person. In March Margarete is also recognized as the ruler of Sweden by the Swedish Imperial Council . A unification of all three countries is now within reach.

British Islands

• August 5th ?: At the Battle of Otterburn , part of the Anglo-Scottish Border Wars , an invading Scottish army under James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas defeated that of the English under Henry Percy .

Iberian Peninsula / Sardinia

• September 17th : The eight-year-old Castilian heir to the throne Heinrich marries the 15-year-old Catherine of Lancaster , the daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Constance of Castile , the eldest daughter of Peter I. These on the basis of the Treaty of Bayonne dated Marriage entered into on July 8 ends the decades-long conflict between the two dynasties . On the occasion of the wedding, Heinrich's father Johann I created the title Prince of Asturias for his son . Katharina receives the cities of Soria , Almazán , Atienza , Deza and Molina as a dowry.

• Eleonora di Arborea , ruler of the Arborea judiciary , makes peace with the Aragonese crown under the new King John I , thus gaining rulership over the entire Kingdom of Sardinia .

Southeast Europe

• May 2 : The occupation of the Acropolis of Athens surrenders after three years of siege. The duchy of Athens , which was previously Catalan, now goes entirely to the Florentine Nerio I. Acciaiuoli .
• August 27 : The victory of Bosnian troops in the Battle of Bileća gives the locals a breather in the battle with the expanding Ottoman Empire .

Asia

• The city of Isfahan is destroyed by the Turkish-Mongolian conqueror Timur .
• 20 years after the fall of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China , Chinese troops of the Ming Dynasty are destroying the Mongolian city ​​of Karakoram .

science and technology

Seal of the University of Cologne

• May 21 : The Universitas Studii Coloniensis in Cologne becomes the fourth university in the Holy Roman Empire with a document signed by Pope Urban VI in Perugia . founded. Hartlevus de Marca is the founding rector . The initiative for the establishment did not come from the emperor or a prince, as is usually the case, but from the council of the Free Imperial City of Cologne, which also bears the costs.

Culture and society

• June 24th : The first Schnadegang takes place in Brilon .

• Giovannino de 'Grassi begins work on Giangaleazzo Visconti's book of hours .

religion

• The newly built Mosteiro da Batalha in Portugal is handed over to the Dominican Order.

Born

Date of birth saved

• February 22nd : Peter von Schaumberg , Bishop of Augsburg († 1469 )
• March 6th : Otto III. von Hachberg , Bishop of Konstanz († 1451 )

• August 10 : Thomas Ebendorfer , Austrian theologian, university professor and historian († 1464 )
• August 23 : Eberhard IV. , Count of Württemberg († 1419 )

• September 7 : Giovanni Maria Visconti , Duke of Milan († 1412 )
• September 13 : Jean Juvénal des Ursins , French historian, diplomat and bishop († 1473 )
• September 14th : Claudius Clavus , Danish cartographer
• September 29 : Thomas of Lancaster , Prince of the English Royalty († 1421 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Dai Jin , Chinese painter of the Ming Dynasty († 1462 )
• Baudouin de Lannoy , Ambassador of Philip the Good of France to Henry V of England († 1474 )
• Magdalena of Bavaria , Countess of Gorizia († 1410 )
• Thomas Montagu , English general in the Hundred Years War († 1428 )
• Mose Rieti , Hebrew poet, doctor and rabbi († after 1460 )

Born around 1388

• John Clifford , English nobleman († 1422 )
• Juan de Torquemada , Spanish theologian († 1468 )

Died

Date of death secured

• February 3 : Henry Ferrers , English nobleman (* 1356 )

Grave slab of Duke Władysław the White

• February 29 : Władysław , Duke of Kuyavia and pretender to the crown of the Kingdom of Poland (* 1327 / 1330 )

Monument in honor of Everard, Brussels

• March 31 : Everard 't Serclaes , Duke of Cruyckembourg (Ternat) (* around 1320 )

• May 10 : Gidō Shūshin , Japanese Buddhist monk and poet (* 1325 )
• May 15 : Wenzel I , Duke of Saxony-Wittenberg (* around 1337 )
• May 21 : Kuno II. Von Falkenstein , Archbishop and Elector of Trier (* around 1320 )

• June 30th : John II , Bishop of Chur
• July 16 : Nijō Yoshimoto , Japanese poet, scholar and court official (* 1320 )

• August 14th : James Douglas , Scottish nobleman (* around 1358 )
• August 15 : Adalbertus Ranconis de Ericinio , Bohemian theologian and philosopher (* around 1320 )
• 23 August : Ulrich von Württemberg , aristocrat from Württemberg

• October 8 : Adhémar Fabri , Bishop of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux and Bishop of Geneva
• November 8th : Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut , Bishop of Laon (* between 1320 and 1325)
• November 26th : Étienne de La Grange , French nobleman

• December 3 : Peter Stromer , councilor and merchant, creator of the Nuremberg coniferous forest seeds (* around 1315 )
• December 11th : Johann von Zesterfleth , Bishop of Verden (* around 1314 )

Exact date of death unknown

• January: Karl Topia , Albanian prince (* around 1335 / 1340 )
• 28 July or August 4 Reynold Gray , English aristocrat (* 1318 / 1319 )
• November: Uskhal Khan , Great Khan of the Mongols (* 1342 )
• End of December: Albrecht IV , Duke of Mecklenburg

• Abu Hammu II Musa , Sultan of the Abdalwadids in Algeria
• Abū Ishāq asch-Shātibī , Maliki Usūl scholar from al-Andalus
• Segebodo Crispin , Councilor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck

Firuz Shah Tughluq's mausoleum in Delhi

• Firuz Shah Tughluq , Sultan of Delhi (* 1309 )
• Salvestro de 'Medici , Gonfaloniere of Florence (* 1331 )
• Otto VI. , Count of Tecklenburg and Lord of Rheda
• Henning Podebusk , Drost of Denmark
• Antonio Pucci , Florentine bell caster and poet (* around 1310 )
• Johann Schepenstede , Councilor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
• Thong Lan , King of the Siamese Empire of Ayutthaya (* 1371 )

Web links

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