Engelbert III. from the mark

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Engelbert statue on the city fountain in Neuenrade

Count Engelbert III. von der Mark (around 1330 - December 21, 1391 ) ruled the county of Mark from 1346 to 1391.

family

Engelbert was born around 1330/1333 as the eldest son of Count Adolf II von der Mark - Adolf IV according to another count - and his wife Margarete von Kleve . Around 1354 he married Richardis von Jülich, who died around 1360. With her he had a daughter, Margarete von der Mark († 1410). Later he married Elisabeth von Sponheim and Vianden († 1417), daughter and heiress of Count Simon III. He had no male offspring with either of his two wives. His daughter married Philipp von Falkenstein and Munzenburg in 1375 († January 18, 1409).

Life

After the death of his father, he was allegedly only 17 years old, Count von Mark. He resided mainly at Blankenstein Castle . Immediately after the beginning of his reign, his position was in danger after the death of Emperor Ludwig and his successor, Charles IV, initially on the side of Archbishop Walram von Jülich from Cologne . In his capacity as Duke of Westphalia, he pursued territorial interests in the region. The emperor soon turned away from the spiritual princes. Walram died in Paris in 1349. His successor Wilhelm von Gennep made peace with Engelbert. The archbishop invited the count to participate in the state peace alliance in Westphalia and made him an ally in the fight against the county of Arnsberg . In gratitude, the Archbishop helped Count Adolf's brother to the chair of the Bishop of Münster . After the archbishop's death, Engelbert succeeded in getting his brother through as his successor. However, because of the impending inheritance of the county of Kleve, he renounced this office in favor of Uncle Engelbert III. from the mark . In 1366 he was the Cologne Marshal of Westphalia in the service of his uncle Engelbert III. After the death of Count Johann von Kleve , Adolf became Count of Kleve. As previously agreed, he ceded Engelbert all of the land on the right of the Rhine with the exception of Emmerich and the Hetter office . The count also had hopes of acquiring the county of Arnsberg because Count Gottfried IV and his wife Anna von Cleve remained childless. However, he preferred to sell the county to the Archbishopric of Cologne. As a result, the power of Cologne in Westphalia was significantly strengthened and Engelbert's supremacy was prevented there. The new Archbishop Friedrich III. von Saar Werden , for his part, set about taking action against the power of the two brothers Engelbert and Adolf. He acquired Anna von Kleve's right of inheritance to the county of Kleve. He also had the emperor grant him the reversion of the Cologne fief in Kleve and the bailiwick over the Essen monastery and other rights.

In 1376/77 there were again armed conflicts between the Archbishopric and Mark-Kleve. The war was only briefly interrupted in 1381 by a truce brokered by Bishop Kuno II von Falkenstein . The dispute did not end until Engelbert's death in 1391. He died of the plague in Wetter Castle on St. Thomas's Day . He was buried in the collegiate church of Fröndenberg .

His brother Adolf made peace with the archbishop in return for substantial concessions. He also succeeded Engelbert as Count von der Mark.

Commemoration

The actor of Count Engelbert III. moves together with the Bochum bachelors to the monument of Count Engelbert III. past.

According to legend, Engelbert had previously decreed that in the event of an attack at the funeral procession, one should defend oneself, which also happened in Menden on St. Stephen's Day.

The May evening festival in Bochum , which has been celebrated with great effort to this day, is said to go back to Count Engelbert. When he was in feud with the free city of Dortmund in 1388 , the Harpen farmers, with the help of the Bochum bachelors, managed to bring back the cattle stolen by the Dortmunders. As a thank you, the bachelors were allowed to get the best tree from the Bockholt every May evening and celebrate a festival with the proceeds.

Engelbertbrunnen

The Bochumers again dedicated the Engelbertbrunnen on Kortumstrasse in the city center to him. Before the Second World War, this fountain was in the style of the romantic-warlike idea of ​​a knight. Like many monuments, the well was melted down for armament purposes during World War II. The old position was between the Kerkweg and today's underground access. In the 1960s, a simple modern variant was built a few meters away from the old location and designed as a fountain. The fountain was in the middle of the Bermuda3eck pub district . After various road construction measures, the location was changed several times; meanwhile the statue stands, without a fountain, in the Gerberviertel on Große Beckstrasse, corner of Untere Marktstrasse.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Georg Lehmann : Documented history of the lords and counts of Falkenstein am Donnersberge in the Palatinate. In: Mittheilungen of the Historical Association of the Palatinate. Vol. 3, 1872, ISSN  0073-2680 , pp. 4-141, here p. 76 .
predecessor Office successor
Adolf II Count of the Mark
1346-1391 		Adolf III.
personal data
SURNAME Engelbert III. from the mark
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Count Engelbert III. von der Mark (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count of Mark (1346-1391)
DATE OF BIRTH around 1330
DATE OF DEATH December 21, 1391