Walram from Jülich

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Coat of arms of the Counts of Jülich

Walram von Jülich (* around 1304 ; † August 14, 1349 in Paris ) was Archbishop of Cologne from 1332 to 1349 .

Walram was one of the younger sons of Count Gerhard V von Jülich and his second wife Elisabeth von Brabant-Aarschot. From 1316 to 1330 he studied in Orléans and Paris . From 1327 he was canon in Cologne and provost in Maastricht .

Walram's brother, Count Wilhelm V von Jülich, used enormous sums of money to elect his brother, which Walram was not able to repay in full until his death. Although the cathedral chapter had already postulated the pro-France Bishop of Liège, Adolf II , the Count of Jülich managed to get his brother through. Walram was so on January 27, 1332, also with the support of Pope John XXII. , the new Archbishop of Cologne.

At that time, Walram von Jülich was still living in France. He owed his new office less to his scientific education than to his high birth and the assertiveness of his brother. The tensions that had been simmering for a decade between the Archdiocese of Cologne and the County of Jülich were reduced during the Walram reign and coordinated action between the two states was achieved, although Count Wilhelm V was the decisive partner. There was thus peace on the Lower Rhine, which favored the beginning of the Archbishop's term of office. In Westphalia, however, the archbishopric was involved in serious feuds with the Counts of the Mark . The calm on the Rhine allowed Walram to concentrate his forces in 1345 and temporarily eliminate the county of Mark as a political force. But the rulers of southern Westphalia had extensive relationships, especially family relationships, so that the situation soon escalated. In the years 1347 and 1349, however, a peace treaty could be negotiated through mediation.

The considerable armament had strained Kurköln's finances to such an extent that the cathedral chapter now activated its co-rulership rights and bound the archbishop to his approval for future decisions. The curtailment of his authority, perhaps also the insight into his personal weakness, induced the archbishop to withdraw from the daily business of the government in 1347. He left the management of the finances, later also other competencies, to the knight Reinhard von Schönau .

However, Walram also had some success. He had his vote for the election of Charles IV won with concessions and money with which he acquired territories to round off the electorate.

As a client of works of art, Walram von Jülich came out with a window ensemble of three lancet windows , which he donated for the St. Clara women's monastery in Cologne, which his grandmother helped to donate . On the window he is shown as a kneeling donor next to his grandmother. The second glazing of the chapel chapels of Cologne Cathedral is also assigned to him.

Tomb in the cathedral

In 1349 he went on a trip to France with a small entourage, supposedly to spare the archbishopric from having to keep an expensive court. He died on August 14, 1349 in Paris. His body was transferred to Cologne, and he found his final resting place in the choir of Cologne Cathedral .

Up until the 2015 summer holidays there was the Walram-Gymnasium in Menden (Sauerland) on Walramstrasse.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Götz J. Pfeiffer: The glass painting ensemble from the Oppenheim collection. A donation from Archbishop Walram von Jülich to the St. Clara Monastery in Cologne, in: Yearbook of the Berlin Museums. New episode, L (2008), pp. 25–34.
  2. ^ Rüdiger Becksmann : Picture window for pilgrims on the reconstruction of the second glazing of the chapel chapels of Cologne Cathedral under Archbishop Walram von Jülich (1332-1349). In: Kölner Domblatt 67, 2002, pp. 137–194.
predecessor Office successor
Heinrich II of Virneburg Archbishop of Cologne
1332–1349 		Wilhelm of Gennep
personal data
SURNAME Walram from Jülich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Walram from Cologne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Archbishop of Cologne
DATE OF BIRTH around 1304
DATE OF DEATH August 14, 1349
Place of death Paris