Friedrich I. (Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel)

Friedrich von Braunschweig and Lüneburg (* 1357/58; † June 5, 1400 near Kleinenglis ) was Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg .

Live and act

Friedrich was the eldest son of Duke Magnus II in Braunschweig and Lüneburg, called Torquatus (with the chain), and Katharina von Anhalt-Bernburg. Like his father and brothers, he was involved in the Lüneburg Wars of Succession , in which he conquered Lüneburg in 1388.

Marriage and offspring

In 1386 Friedrich married Anna of Saxony († 1426), a daughter of Elector Wenzel , with whom he had two daughters:

• Katharina († between May 3, 1436 and November 26, 1439); ∞ (1413) Count Heinrich XIX. from Schwarzburg -Blankenburg
• Anna (* 1390; † 1432); ∞ (1410) Friedrich IV of Habsburg with the empty pocket , Count in Tyrol

assassination

His brother-in-law Rudolf of Saxony nominated him during the negotiations for the election of a king in Frankfurt at the end of May 1400 , but Archbishop Johann II of Mainz favored Ruprecht , the Count Palatine near the Rhine . A quarrel broke out and Friedrich left in strife. On the ride home he was on June 5, 1400 near the village of Kleinenglis, a few kilometers south of Fritzlar by the Mainz chief magistrate in Hesse, Count Heinrich VII von Waldeck , and his cronies Friedrich III. von Hertingshausen and Konrad (Kunzmann) von Falkenberg murdered. The so-called Kaiserkreuz von Kleinenglis has stood at the crime scene since the 15th century .

After the salvage, Friedrich's body was laid out in the Fritzlar collegiate church of St. Peter . Then the remains were prepared for the transfer to Braunschweig, whereby it can be safely assumed that this transfer took place according to the more teutonico custom . The main part of the body is buried in the collegiate church of St. Blasius (today cathedral). On the way, Frederick's heart (and probably parts of his entrails) was buried in the Cistercian monastery church in Wiebrechtshausen (north of Northeim ). The place of the heart burial ( pars pro toto ) is indicated by a mark on the floor in front of the altar. Friedrich's heart rests only a few meters from the grave of his uncle, Otto Duke of Braunschweig-Göttingen , known as the Quade. It can be assumed that this is intended to remember the close connection between the two men.

On February 3, 1402, King Ruprecht obliged the murderers to endow an altar with an eternal mass for the soul in the collegiate church of St. Peter in Fritzlar as atonement.

literature

• Ludwig Ferdinand Spehr :  Friedrich, Duke of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, pp. 497-501.
• Herbert Mundhenke :  Friedrich, Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 501 ( digitized version ).
• Gudrun Pischke: Friedrich, Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg. In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Dieter Lent et al. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 234 .

predecessor	Office	successor
Magnus II.	Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 1373–1400	Bernhard