Almazan

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Almazán municipality
Almazán - Plaza Mayor
Almazán - Plaza Mayor
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Almazán (Spain)
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Basic data
Autonomous Community : Castile LeonCastile and León Castile and León
Province : Soria
Comarca : Comarca de Almazán
Coordinates 41 ° 29 ′  N , 2 ° 32 ′  W Coordinates: 41 ° 29 ′  N , 2 ° 32 ′  W
Height : 960  msnm
Area : 166.53 km²
Residents : 5,489 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density : 32.96 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 42200
Municipality number  ( INE ): 42020
administration
Website : Almazan

Almazán ( fortified place in Arabic ) is a small town and a northern Spanish municipality ( municipio ) consisting of the main town and several villages and hamlets (pedanías ) with 5,489 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019) in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile-León .

location

The place Almazán is located on the middle course of the Duero in about 960 meters above sea level. d. M. about 34 km (driving distance) south of the provincial capital Soria ; to Madrid is about 200 km in a south-westerly direction. The climate in winter is cool, but in summer it is quite pleasant; the rather sparse precipitation (approx. 490 mm / year) falls - with the exception of the rather poorly rainy summer months - distributed over the whole year.

Population development

year 1900 1950 2000 2016
Residents 2,931 3,843 5,795 5,648

The significant increase in population is mainly due to the immigration of people from the surrounding villages.

economy

The inhabitants of earlier centuries lived mainly from agriculture in the surrounding villages; the small town itself functioned as a regional economic, trade and service center. In the second half of the 20th century, a modest furniture industry emerged and, to a lesser extent, the tourism sector.

history

The angular Puerta de Mercado is reminiscent of Moorish fortresses
The Puerta de Herreros with its rounded side defense towers shows a clearly European architecture

There are no archaeological findings from the Celtic, Roman and Visigoth times; the Cordobesian emir and caliph Abd ar-Rahman III are considered to be the founder of the place . (reg. 929-961). In 1098 the area was under Alfonso VI. Recaptured by León for the Christians ( reconquista ), but it was Alfonso I of Aragón who gave the impetus for repopulation ( repoblación ) and fortification of the place in 1128 - as part of territorial claims for parts of Castile . The place remained controversial until the peace treaty concluded in Almazán in 1375 between Peter IV of Aragon and Henry II of Castile .

Juan Hurtado de Mendoza , one of the first from the extensive aristocratic family of Mendoza , was born in 1391 by King Henry III. appointed as steward ( mayordomo ) at the court of Toledo . His successor Henry IV gave Hurtado this office; in addition, he gave him a title of nobility and the city of Almazán. In the 15th century the Catholic kings Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon stayed in the city several times. In 1576, King Philip II of Spain established the Margraviate of Almazán for Francisco Hurtado de Mendoza y Fajardo, Count of Monteagudo.

During the Napoleonic Wars , the city was set on fire on July 10, 1810 because of its stubborn resistance. During the Spanish Civil War there was an airfield near the place ; The leadership of the Condor Legion was also in Almazán for some time from October 1937.

Buildings

San Miguel Church
Ribbed dome in the Mudejar style over the crossing of the Church of San Miguel

The Romanesque buildings are outstanding , but there are also some baroque monuments and those from the Renaissance and Gothic .

  • Romanesque church of San Miguel , jewel of Romanesque Soria
  • Romanesque church of San Vicente , now the municipal cultural center
  • Hermitage of Jesus Nazareno
  • Santa Maria de Calatañazor Church
  • San Pedro Church
  • Nuestra Señora de Campanario Church
  • Poor Clares Convent ( Convento de las Clarisas )
  • Convent of the Mercedarian Order ( Convento de la Merced )
  • City Palace Palacio de los Hurtado de Mendoza (also called Palacio de los Altamira )
  • city ​​wall
  • Clock tower
  • Market gate
  • Former bishop's palace, built in the 18th century

Personalities

See also

Approx. The town of Morón de Almazán is 20 km to the southeast . Other places in the area are nicknamed Almazán.

Web links

Commons : Almazán  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. ↑ Almazán - Map with altitude information
  3. ↑ Almazán - climate tables
  4. ^ Almazán - population development
  5. ↑ Almazán - History
  6. ↑ Almazán - Iglesia San Miguel
  7. ↑ Almazán - Iglesia San Vicente
  8. ↑ Almazán - Iglesia San Vicente