San Esteban de Gormaz

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Municipality of San Esteban de Gormaz
San Esteban de Gormaz - town view
San Esteban de Gormaz - town view
coat of arms Map of Spain
Coat of arms of San Esteban de Gormaz
San Esteban de Gormaz (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : Castile LeonCastile and León Castile and León
Province : Soria
Comarca : Burgo de Osma
Coordinates 41 ° 34 ′  N , 3 ° 12 ′  W Coordinates: 41 ° 34 ′  N , 3 ° 12 ′  W
Height : 855  msnm
Area : 406.71 km²
Residents : 3,005 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density : 7.39 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 42330
Municipality number  ( INE ): 42162
administration
Website : San Esteban de Gormaz

San Esteban de Gormaz is a northern Spanish town and one of several hamlets (Pedanías) existing municipality ( municipio ) with a total of 3,005 inhabitants (at January 1, 2019) in the west of the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon . The place was recognized as a cultural asset ( Bien de Interés Cultural ) in the category Conjunto histórico-artístico ; It is located on two major tourist roads - the Ruta de Lana ("Wool Road ") and the Camino del Cid ("Path of the Cid").

Location and climate

The small town of San Esteban de Gormaz is strategically located to the south by the Río Duero and protected to the north by a steep rock face - on the northern bank of the Río Duero at an altitude of about 855  m . The next larger cities are El Burgo de Osma (approx. 12 km east) and Aranda de Duero (approx. 46 km west); the provincial capital Soria is about 55 km northeast. The small town of Berlanga de Duero is well worth seeing and is located about 37 km to the south-east; from there it is only about 11 km to Caltojar . The climate is temperate to warm; Rain (approx. 470 mm / year) falls over the year.

Population development

year 1857 1900 1950 2000 2017
Residents 1,305 1,812 2,355 3,348 3,021

The mechanization of agriculture , the task of rural small businesses and the resulting job losses have led to a migration of many people from rural villages and hamlets ( rural exodus out) and a continuous increase in population in the larger towns and in the cities. In addition, smaller villages and hamlets were incorporated in the 1960s and 1970s.

economy

Since its repopulation ( repoblación ) between the 10th and 12th centuries, San Esteban de Gormaz has been heavily dependent on agriculture, with both arable farming and cattle breeding (dairy farming) - mainly for self-sufficiency . Trade, craft and service companies sprang up in the main town. San Esteban de Gormaz has a share in the Ribera del Duero wine region . Cultural and hiking tourism also play an important role in the economic life of the municipality.

and display information about the image
San Esteban de Gormaz - town view

history

The area of ​​San Esteban de Gormaz was already settled in prehistoric times. Evidence of the Romans and Moors has also been found; the latter considered the place so important that they built a small fortress (hiṣn) . She and the village (at that time Castromoro = "Maurenburg") were objects of controversy between Moorish and Christian lords from the 9th to 11th centuries, until they finally fell to the Kingdom of Castile .

It has been handed down that the first Cortes de Castilla met in San Esteban in 1187 , albeit without voting rights. Until the end of the 18th century the place grew and gained steadily in importance. At that time around 3000 inhabitants were counted, divided into four parishes; outside the village there were two monasteries. After that, the place lost more and more of its importance; in 1808 the medieval castle was destroyed by the French. The residents subsequently experienced periods of great poverty and left the town in search of better living conditions.

Attractions

San Miguel Church (around 1100)
  • The entire place has been declared a conjunto histórico-artístico ; The rectangular main square (plaza mayor) with its arcaded houses is particularly worth seeing . The two Romanesque churches stand out from the ensemble:
  • The Romanesque church of San Miguel has one of the earliest south porches typical of the region ( portico or galería porticada) .
  • The Nuestra Señora del Rivero church is a little younger, but also built in the Romanesque style. It also has a south porch.
  • A wall belonging to the former castle (castillo) dominates the place.
  • A bridge (puente romano) made of mighty stone blocks spans the Duero River.
Matanza de Soria - Church
Surroundings
  • The "Romanesque Theme Park" (Parque Temático del Románico), inaugurated in 2005, is located in the hamlet of Molino de Ojos , about 2.5 km south of the city . It shows miniature models of around a dozen Romanesque churches in the provinces of central Spain.
  • In the suburb of Rejas de San Esteban there are two more Romanesque churches with south porches: San Martín and San Ginés .
  • About 4 km outside, in the area of ​​the hamlet of Quintanilla de Tres Barrios , there is a watchtower ( atalaya ) from the Islamic period . The entrance, which was previously only accessible with the help of a ladder, is now equipped with a staircase.
  • The small Romanesque church of San Juan Bautista is located in the hamlet of Matanza de Soria, about 8.5 km to the north .

literature

  • Eduardo Bas Gonzalo: Memorias de mi Pueblo - San Esteban de Gormaz . Self-published 1993, ISBN 978-84-604-7239-1 .

Web links

Commons : San Esteban de Gormaz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. ↑ San Esteban de Gormaz - climate tables
  3. ^ San Esteban de Gormaz - population development
  4. ↑ San Esteban de Gormaz - History ( Memento of the original from June 26, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sanesteban.com
  5. ↑ San Esteban de Gormaz - Castle (castillo)
  6. ↑ San Esteban de Gormaz - Castle (castillo)
  7. ↑ San Esteban de Gormaz - Bridge over the Duero
  8. ↑ San Esteban de Gormaz - Defense tower (atalaya)