Andrea del Castagno

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Andrea del Castagno: Christ in the death grave with angels. Fresco, Italy, around 1445
Mary seated under the cross

Andrea del Castagno ( Andrea di Bartolo di Bargilla even Andrea dal Castagno di Mugello ; * about 1418 in the village of Castagno from San Godenzo ; † 19th August 1457 in Florence ) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance . He is counted among the most influential artists of the early Renaissance in Florence.

Life

Andrea del Castagno was born around 1418 in Castagno, a village near Monte Falterona not far from Florence . During the armed conflict between the Duchy of Milan and Florence, he lived in Corella and then returned to his home village, from where he moved to Florence in 1440. There he won the patronage of Bernadetto de 'Medici . On his behalf, after the Battle of Anghiari in 1440, he painted the pictures of the punished and hanged losers on the outer wall of a palace, which initially earned him the nickname Andrea degli Impiccati - "Andrea the Hanged Man". For him, however, the work marked the beginning of a long career.

Andrea del Castagno first worked as a fresco painter in the Church of San Zaccaria in Venice in 1442 . Then active in the area around Florence, he was involved in the Florentine-Venetian exchange of ideas. In his subsequent frescoes for the monastery of San Apollonia in Florence, the influence of the important master of the Florentine early Renaissance Domenico Veneziano and Piero della Francesca, who worked in Tuscany, can be seen . From 1444 he worked again mainly in Florence. There he also designed one of the round windows of the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore . He became a member of the Guild of Luke .

style

Castagno followed Masaccio's tradition of realism . Already in the 16th century Giorgio Vasari was still enthusiastic about Andreas central perspective and representations of perspective foreshortening, for example with Hieronymus in the Corboli chapel of Santa Annunziata. Castagno's coloring was probably rather inadequate, but e.g. B. the Last Supper (1447, San Apollonia) his pronounced talent for drawing. Later Castagno was under the influence of the sculptor Donatello .

Works (selection)

Andrea del Castagno: The Last Supper , fresco, Italy 1447
Farinata degli Uberti. Fresco on wood, Florence, 1450
  • Frescoes in San Zaccaria in Venice, 1442
    • The earliest surviving works by Castagno are his frescoes for San Zaccaria in Venice , from 1442.
  • Frescoes in the refectory of the Sant'Apollonia monastery in Florence, 1447
    • In 1447 Castagno painted the refectory of the Benedictine monastery of Sant'Apollonia with frescoes, including The Last Supper and other scenes of the Passion of Christ, such as the crucifixion , burial and resurrection .
  • Frescoes of famous men and women , Villa Carducci near Florence, 1450
  • Frescoes in the Basilica della Santissima Annunziata in Florence, 1455
    • Around 1455 Castagno painted frescoes in the Basilica della Santissima Annunziata in Florence. In various side chapels there he created pictures of St. Julian and St. Jerome and a picture of St. Trinity.
  • Grave image of Niccolò da Tolentino. Florence Cathedral, 1456

Castagno and Veneziano

Giorgio Vasari reports in the second part of his biographies that Andrea killed Domenico Veneziano out of envy of his coloring. In fact, Domenico died four years after Andrea. Andrea probably died of the plague.

Castagno Museum

The Sant'Apollonia Monastery ( Cenacolo di Sant'Apollonia ) in Florence (Via San Gallo / Via XXVII Aprile) is now a Castagno Museum.

literature

Web links

Commons : Andrea del Castagno  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. cf. Vasari
  2. ^ Carmela Thiele: Ingenious Renaissance draftsman 550 years ago the painter Andrea del Castagno died. on: Deutschlandradio. Calendar sheet August 19, 2007
  3. ^ Giovanni Ruccellais Lo Zibaldone
  4. ^ Andrea del Castagno, degli Impiccati . In: Friedrich Müller: The artists of all times and peoples. Stuttgart 1857.
  5. Musei Firenze website for the Cenacolo di Sant'Apollonia , accessed on October 5, 2013 (Italian)