Tadeusz Mazowiecki

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Tadeusz Mazowiecki (November 1989)
Tadeusz Mazowiecki on his 80th birthday
Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Sarajevo

Tadeusz Mazowiecki (born April 18, 1927 in Płock ; † October 28, 2013 in Warsaw ) was a Polish publicist, civil rights activist and politician. From August 1989 to December 1990 he was the first prime minister of Poland after the Second World War who did not belong to the communist regime.

From civil rights activist to head of government

In 1958 Mazowiecki founded the intellectual monthly magazine Więź (German binding ) and became its editor-in-chief. For the Catholic movement Znak (German sign ) he was a member of the Sejm , the Polish parliament, from 1961 to 1971 . He then took part in oppositional movements of Catholic intellectuals, including in the Club of Catholic Intelligence in Wroclaw , against the communist regime of the Polish United Workers' Party .

Since 1980 he has been a consultant and publicist for the Solidarność (German Solidarity ) trade union . After martial law was imposed on December 13, 1981, he was imprisoned from 1981 to 1982. In 1989 he again took part in the round table discussions as a consultant to Lech Wałęsa .

On August 24, 1989, the Sejm elected him Prime Minister . He was the first head of government after World War II who did not belong to the communist regime.

The relationship with the "worker hero" Wałęsa clouded when Mazowiecki decided to run against Wałęsa in the presidential election in the fall of 1990. When he did not even come into the runoff against this on 9 December 1990, he joined the Office of the Prime Minister on 14 December 1990. back .

Political agendas and honors

From 1990 to 1995 Mazowiecki, who was a member of parliament until 2001, was chairman of the liberal party Unia Demokratyczna (German Democratic Union ) and later its successor party Unia Wolności (German Freedom Union ). In 2002 he resigned from the latter after it had left the Christian Democratic International . Since 2004 he has been involved again as a member and top candidate of the social-liberal Partia Demokratyczna (German Democratic Party ).

During the wars in the former Yugoslavia , Mazowiecki was the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights. Mazowiecki resigned this mandate to protest against the passivity of the international community during the Srebrenica massacre .

As the first non-communist head of government in Poland, he earned the reputation of a reform premier. The Mazowiecki government implemented radical market reforms. The " shock therapy " to reduce inflation and the budget deficit was criticized because hundreds of thousands were left unemployed. Although he committed to the Warsaw Pact , he called the previous state behavior totalitarian , which is why he wanted to lead Poland on the path to democracy and the rule of law . His saying “We draw a thick line under the past” also found numerous critics. This led to Mazowiecki's relatively poor result in the 1990 presidential election.

In 1995 he was awarded the Dag Hammarskjöld Medal of Honor by the German Society for the United Nations . In the same year he received the international Adalbert Prize of the Adalbert Foundation . In 2005 he received the Robert Schuman Medal , in 2009 he became an honorary citizen of the cities of Sarajevo (2002), Poznan (2009), Warsaw (2009), Gdansk (2010), Słubice (2010), Płock (2011), and Brzeg Dolny ( 2013). In 2010 the European city of Görlitz / Zgorzelec awarded him the International Bridge Prize .

Mazowiecki died on October 28, 2013 in Warsaw . Foreign Minister Radosław Sikorski described him as “one of the fathers of Polish freedom”. EU Commission President José Manuel Barroso called him “a great European and humanist ”.

In 2013 the German-Polish Journalism Prize was named after him.

Fonts

  • Tadeusz Mazowiecki: Take sides for hope. On morality in politics , with a preface by Manfred Seidler u. an afterword by Georg Ziegler, [trans. from the Polish. by Angelika Weber u. Georg Ziegler]. Freiburg im Breisgau 1990, ISBN 3-451-21825-9

Web links

Commons : Tadeusz Mazowiecki  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Tadeusz Mazowiecki nie żyje. Miał 86 lat. "Uczył nas pokory w polityce" . Gazeta Wyborcza , October 28, 2013.
  2. ^ A b Thomas Urban: Historical decision in Warsaw. For the first time non-communist premier in the Eastern bloc. The candidate for “Solidarity”, Tadeusz Mazowiecki, received 378 of 423 votes / commitment to the Warsaw Pact . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . August 25, 1989.
  3. ↑ AH: Ko su počasni građani Grada Sarajeva. In: Haber.ba. March 3, 2019, accessed June 4, 2020 (Bosnian).
  4. ↑ Zenon zabawny: Mazowiecki honorowym obywatelem Poznania. June 29, 2009, Retrieved June 4, 2020 (Polish).
  5. ↑ Tadeusz Mazowiecki, honorowy obywatel Warszawy. In: um.warszawa.pl. October 28, 2013, accessed June 4, 2020 (Polish).
  6. ↑ Tadeusz Mazowiecki - Honorowym Obywatelem Gdańska - Gdańsk - oficjaln ... 31 July 2012, accessed June 4, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Słubice24.pl - Tadeusz Mazowiecki odebrał tytuł Honorowego Obywatela Słubic. November 9, 2010, archived from the original on July 7, 2014 ; accessed on June 4, 2020 (Polish).
  8. ↑ Mazowiecki honorowym obywatelem Płocka. In: wprost.pl. June 9, 2011, accessed June 4, 2020 (Polish).
  9. ↑ Mazowiecki honorowym obywatelem. Brzeg Dolny planował dziś uroczystość. In: tvn24.pl. October 28, 2013, accessed June 4, 2020 (Polish).
  10. ↑ Double anniversary: ​​20th competition for the German-Polish Tadeusz Mazowiecki Journalist Award - honored at the 10th German-Polish Media Days on medienservice.sachsen.de, November 8, 2016
personal data
SURNAME Mazowiecki, Tadeusz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish politician, member of the Sejm and Prime Minister
DATE OF BIRTH April 18, 1927
PLACE OF BIRTH Plock
DATE OF DEATH October 28, 2013
Place of death Warsaw