Stechinelli

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Francesco Maria Capellini, called Stechinelli, around 1680
Coat of arms of the Capellini family
Handwritten signature

Francesco Maria Capellini , called Stechinelli (born April 18, 1640 in Rimini , † November 26, 1694 in Celle ), was a landdrost and court banker of the Guelph dukes of the 17th century. The talking coat of arms of the Capellini family shows a black hat with a wide brim. The family name is derived from cappello (Italian = hat). His nickname "Stechinelli", by which he became known, is derived from stecchino , Italian for toothpicks (because of his spindly legs).

Life

Francesco Maria Capellini was born in Rimini in 1640 as a scion of a noble family. His parents were Antonio Maria Capellini and his wife Clara. In 1655 he met his cousin in Rome Georg Wilhelm , the Duke of Calenberg-Hanover (1624–1705), who took him to Hanover in 1656 to educate him and to employ as a valet. He won the favor of the duke who gave him the Ballhof in 1664. In 1665, after Johann Friedrich took office , Capellini moved with Georg Wilhelm to Celle and sold the Ballhof.

In the first year he became a house owner in Celle and from 1675 he owned the " Stechinelli House " on Großer Plan 14, which is still preserved today. He received the monopoly for foreign trade in wine and cloth from the Duke and in 1665 married the Huguenot Philippine Marchand, an earlier one Chambermaid of Duchess Sophie von Hannover (five children from this marriage).

In 1668 Stechinelli brokered a treaty between the Republic of Venice and the three Guelph dukes for mutual aid in the event of war. In 1675, after the death of his first wife, he married Agnese Elisabeth Breyger, daughter of a Celle court councilor, with whom he had one child (eight children from this marriage). In 1675 he became a lien holder of the Clötze office with the title Landdrost and in 1677 acquired the aristocratic estate in Wieckenberg (today's Wietze municipality ). A baroque fountain and a gate entrance still exist from this estate with a pleasure garden.

Francesco Maria Capellini as a beggar boy

In the middle of the 17th century, various sovereigns built their own postal system in addition to the Imperial Post Office operated by the Thurn und Taxis . The Guelph dukes commissioned Stechinelli to do this. On July 17, 1678 he was appointed General Hereditary Postmaster of the three Guelph duchies and began reorganizing long-distance traffic and setting up new post stations, for example in Wieckenberg, Engensen , Ohof and Schafstall near Unterlüß . In 1682 he sold the office to Count Franz-Ernst von Platen for 36,000 Reichstaler, which enabled him to purchase numerous other goods and houses (including the Stechinelli House in Braunschweig, which was rebuilt after partial destruction in World War II ).

Stechinelli was very enterprising and skilled. In addition, he was paid well as an agent of the Celler Hof. He also held numerous Drosteien (official seats) that brought him income. He bought land and houses in the Principality of Lüneburg and leased them or sold them at a profit. Through this he gained great wealth. As the country's largest investor ( Johann Duve and Leffmann Behrens in Hanover comparable), Stechinelli repeatedly lent the duke large sums of money. The year 1688 marked the peak of his career. Emperor Leopold I raised the Capellini family to the hereditary German imperial nobility , with the name "von Wickenburg". In 1692, right next to his estate, he began building the Stechinelli Chapel in Wieckenberg (still preserved today) in the form of a farmhouse, inside with baroque furnishings (consecrated in 1699).

Stechinelli died in Celle in 1694. The church book of the town church St. Marien (Celle) shows that his body was driven to Hildesheim four days later and buried in the vault under the choir of the Catholic Magdalenenkirche .

Johann Franz Capellini von Wickenburg (1677–1752), Electoral Palatinate Privy Councilor and author of the regionally historically significant work “Thesaurus Palatinus” , was his son.

  • The Capellini coat of arms on the Junker Gate in Winsen / Aller

  • The coat of arms on the Stechinelli house in Braunschweig shows the coat of arms of Capellini and that of his second wife (hat and rose).

  • Stechinelli Chapel from 1692 in Wieckenberg zu Wietze

literature

Local history essays

  • Gustav Adolf Küppers-Sonnenberg: A comparison of churches by Stechinelli from 1692 . In: Sachsenspiegel 12/1925 (Cellesche Zeitung)
  • H. Sch .: Gem in the Heide - Stechinelli Chapel in Wieckenberg inaugurated again . In: Sachsenspiegel, Cellesche Zeitung of November 15, 1952
  • Wilhelm Bonness: Black hat and red rose - Stechinelli's coat of arms on stove plates . In: Sachsenspiegel, Cellesche Zeitung of December 24, 1953
  • Berndt W. Weßling: Easter in the Stechinellihaus - Carl Maria von Weber in Celle . In: Sachsenspiegel, Cellesche Zeitung of April 11, 1963
  • Rab. (Ralf Busch): Francesco Maria Stechinelli comes to Celle . In: Sachsenspiegel, Cellesche Zeitung of March 27, 1965
  • B. (Friedrich Barenscheer): A descendant of Stechinelli . In: Sachsenspiegel, Cellesche Zeitung of April 6, 1968
  • Matthias Blazek: The Poststrasse from Celle to Hanover or: The dream of what was once romanticism - until 1785, the main traffic route led over some hundred meter wide streets of the first order . In: Sachsenspiegel, Cellesche Zeitung from 21. u. January 28, 2006
  • H. Max Humburg: Francesco Maria Stechinelli . In: Hildesheimer Heimat-Kalender , Hildesheim 1978
  • Stefan Thienel: Francesco Capellini Stechinelli . In: Home calendar for the Lüneburg Heath . Celle 1994
  • Albert Neukirch: Celler Barock, Venice or Paris . In: German Bach-Handel-Schütz celebration in 1935 in Celle Castle. P. 14ff.

Web links

Commons : Stechinelli  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Stechinelli
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Capellini, Francesco Maria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Landdrost and court banker of the Guelph Dukes
DATE OF BIRTH April 18, 1640
PLACE OF BIRTH Rimini
DATE OF DEATH November 26, 1694
Place of death Hildesheim