Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation
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Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation |
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| State level | State Office ( Lower Saxony ) |
| position | Monument Department (Central State Authority for Monument Protection and Preservation in Lower Saxony) |
| Supervisory authority | Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture |
| founding | 1998 |
| Headquarters | Scharnhorststrasse 1 30175 Hanover |
| Authority management | Christina Krafczyk |
| Web presence | www.denkmalpflege.niedersachsen.de |
The Lower Saxony State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (NLD), based in Hanover, is the central state authority for monuments and monuments in the state of Lower Saxony . It is responsible for both the preservation of historical monuments and the archaeological preservation of monuments. The authority is subordinate to the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture as the highest monument protection authority.
history
The beginnings of the preservation of historical monuments in Lower Saxony
Historical interest, especially in national historical records, arose during the Napoleonic Wars at the beginning of the 19th century. History societies were founded to support the history movement. They were created in the area of what is now Lower Saxony from 1835 with the Historical Association for Lower Saxony , which carried out the first archaeological inventory in the Kingdom of Hanover in 1841 . The Osnabrück History Society followed in 1847 , the Oldenburg Antiquities Society in 1850 , the Stader History Society in 1856 and the Braunschweig History Society in 1901 . The activities of the associations have long been the private activity of the bourgeoisie, the nobility, the military and high officials. A state-institutionalized monuments did not begin until 1864, when the Kingdom of Hanover the chairman of the Historical Society of Lower Saxony and teacher Johannes Heinrich Müller to the curator appointed. After the Prussian annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover in 1866 , he continued his office in Prussian service. From the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, monument preservation was carried out by the state museums in Braunschweig ( Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum ), Hanover ( Provincial Museum Hanover ) and Oldenburg ( State Museum for Nature and Man ).
post war period
After the Second World War , in Lower Saxony, which was founded in 1946, the government and administrative presidents under the leadership of the Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture as the highest monument protection authority exercised the preservation of monuments. In 1946, the departments for architectural monuments in Braunschweig, Hanover and Oldenburg were merged as a specialist authority under the direction of a state curator. While the authority of the state conservator was assigned to the newly founded Lower Saxony State Administration Office in 1958 , the preservation of monuments was not added until 1964.
In 1974 the four district governments ( Braunschweig , Hanover , Lüneburg and Oldenburg ) established departments for monument preservation and soil preservation. As the upper monument protection authorities, they exercised the technical supervision of the municipalities and districts as lower monument protection authorities. For the nationally important preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony, analogous to the district governments, the Monument Preservation Department was set up at the Lower Saxony State Administration Office.
legislation
In the early days of the preservation of monuments there was no uniform monument law , but in the individual predecessor territories ( Hanover , Braunschweig , Free State of Oldenburg and Schaumburg-Lippe ) some very old legal provisions were in place, such as the General Land Law for the Prussian States of 1794 or the Prussian Excavation Act from 1914. It was not until the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act (NDSchG) passed in 1978 that a uniform monument law arose in the state founded in 1946. Previously, the Lower Saxony building code created in 1974 guaranteed a certain degree of protection for cultural monuments in the state.
State conservators and state archaeologists
In the area of today's Lower Saxony there have been the following state archaeologists and provincial conservators and from 1946 state conservators :
| State Conservators | Term of office | State archaeologists | Term of office |
|---|---|---|---|
| Johannes Heinrich Müller | 1864-1886 | Karl Hermann Jacob-Friesen | 1913-1953 |
| Jacobus Reimer | 1884-1910 | Alfred deaths | 1937-1965 |
| Heinrich Siebern | 1910-1937 | Wolfgang Dietrich Asmus | 1953-1961 |
| Gustav Darr | 1937-1937 | Martin Claus | 1964-1974 |
| Hermann Deckert | 1937-1951 | Hans-Günter Peters | 1974-1979 |
| Oskar Karpa | 1951-1963 | Klemens Wilhelmi | 1980-1996 |
| Gustav André | 1963-1964 | Hans-Wilhelm Heine (acting) | 1996-2001 |
| Hans Roggenkamp | 1964-1973 | Henning Hassmann | since 2001 |
| Hans-Herbert Möller | 1974-1991 | ||
| Christiane Segers bell | 1991-2008 | ||
| Stefan Winghart | 2009-2017 | ||
| Christina Krafczyk | 2017- |
Institute for Monument Preservation 1979
When the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act (NDSchG) came into force on April 1, 1979, the Institute for Monument Preservation (IfD) was founded in Hanover, which was part of the Lower Saxony State Administration Office . In order to be closer on-site for technical tasks, the IfD maintained branch offices with specialist staff at the monument protection departments of the district governments. As a specialist authority, the institute with its branch offices was primarily active as an expert, but also had central responsibilities. It participated in all decisions of the lower monument protection authorities, which were dependent on its consent. In 1997 the state administration office founded in 1958 and the authorities belonging to it were dissolved.
Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation 1998
On January 1, 1998, the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation (NLD) was established as an independent state authority from the Institute for Monument Preservation . In 2005 there was a reorganization of the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony, the trigger of which was the abolition of the four district governments in Lower Saxony as state direct middle authorities . This took place at the end of 2004 as part of a reform known as administrative modernization after a change of government in the 2003 state elections . The monument protection departments of the district governments were dissolved and converted into bases of the NLD. The sovereign tasks to protect the cultural monuments were largely shifted downwards “on site” . They were assigned to the municipalities and districts as lower monument protection authorities, while the "disempowered" state office was assigned advisory activities as a monument specialist authority and scientific service facility. Along with the transfer of competencies, there was a downsizing in the state office from around 140 to around 85 positions. In 2010 the Lower Saxony State Audit Office complained about the limited functionality and ability of the NLD to work as a result of the downsizing. This situation came in 2011 when the parliamentary debate in parliament for the state government of Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act in the amendment initiated debate . The amendment to the law , which came into force in October 2011 , has given the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation new tasks. This includes, for example, the support of the 102 lower monument protection authorities in Lower Saxony (as of 2016) through archaeological expertise, participation in measures in connection with UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Lower Saxony and hearing the owners of newly registered architectural monuments.
In 2008 the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture planned to integrate the NLD together with the Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum in Braunschweig and the Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research in Wilhelmshaven into a "Lower Saxony Institute for Archeology and Monument Preservation". This concept for the reorganization of the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony was not pursued any further. Instead, a technical and structural modernization and reorganization of the state office took place between 2009 and 2013, for which 2 million euros were available. The outdated IT equipment was also replaced.
In 2015, the NLD and the higher-level Ministry of Culture signed an initial target agreement on the work of the monument office and the implementation of the cultural policy objectives for the next three years.
Building history
The state office is located near Emmichplatz on the Eilenriede near the Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media in the Zoo district . Since it was founded in 1979 as the Institute for the Preservation of Monuments, it has been housed in a building complex made of yellow brick , the core of which is based on a villa built in 1865. The publisher and bookseller Carl Rümpler had it designed and built by the architect Bösser. Around 1882, three sisters from the Order of the Sisters of Mercy of St. Vinzenz von Paul bought the building and grounds with the help of donations to set up a hospital there. In the beginning, St. Vinzenzstift had around 50 beds. In order to enlarge it, the order acquired adjacent properties to the south.
Christoph Hehl was commissioned to build the extension in 1894/95. During this time he built the St. Elisabeth Church at the southern end of the property . When the Vinzenzstift was expanded at the end of the 19th century, a two-aisled chapel with a groin vault was built on the garden side on the ground floor . The hospital chapel was also used by the Catholic community in the zoo district. At the beginning of the 20th century, the hospital was expanded to become a Vinzenzkrankenhaus with 200 beds in the last stage of expansion around 1930. During the air raids on Hanover in World War II , aerial bombs caused severe damage to the hospital, which continued to operate. The reconstruction work was completed in 1950. In 1972 the Vinzenzkrankenhaus moved into a new building in the Kirchrode district . The state of Lower Saxony acquired the building complex of the former hospital and rebuilt it with considerable effort for the purposes of the 1979 newly created monument authority. Archives, laboratories, found storage rooms and security areas were created.
After the hospital moved out of the building in 1972, the former hospital chapel was used as a canteen and storage room. In 2014, the premises, which had been damaged by water, were restored. In the process, whitewashed wall and vault paintings were exposed again. The measures also served monument didactic purposes in order to illustrate exemplary restoration methods. Since the restoration was completed in 2015, the former chapel room has been used for events and exhibitions.
management
Head of the Institute for Monument Preservation , founded in 1979, was the Lower Saxony state curator Hans-Herbert Möller , who previously headed the Department of Monument Preservation in the Lower Saxony State Administration Office . After his retirement in 1991, the state curator Christiane Segers-Glocke took over the management of the institute in the same year , with the conversion to the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation in 1998 as President . She retired at the end of 2008. On April 27, 2009, Stefan Winghart was appointed President of the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation. After his retirement, he was succeeded in September 2017 by Christina Krafczyk , who until then worked at the Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences at the TU Braunschweig .
tasks
According to the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act, which came into force in 1979, the State Office is obliged to protect and maintain the cultural heritage . Its tasks as the central specialist authority consist in the handling of technical matters relating to the protection of monuments and the preservation of monuments . The main tasks are:
- Archaeological support for linear construction projects such as highway construction , pipeline laying
- Creation and updating of a list of cultural monuments ( list of monuments )
- Provision of specialist knowledge
- Implementation of restorations and excavations
- Recording, research and documentation of cultural monuments above and below the ground ( ground monuments ) and publication of the results
- Professional advice for monument protection authorities , regional churches , state construction management and owners and owners of cultural monuments
- Training for around 100 monument protection authorities in Lower Saxony
- Creation of a scientific basis for the preservation of monuments
- Maintaining central specialist libraries and archives
Since 2017, the Lower Saxony State Office for the Preservation of Monuments has largely been performing the tasks under the Cultural Property Protection Act. From July 1, 2019, the Schöningen Research Museum will operate it with the permanent exhibition of the Schöningen spears .
organization
The management area of the authority consists of the president, the office and the presidential office, which is responsible for public relations as well as further and advanced training. The authority with nationwide offices is divided into four departments, each of which is subordinate to units :
- Department A: Archeology with inventory and the area departments Braunschweig, Hanover, Lüneburg and Oldenburg as well as the department priority programs. Excavations are almost exclusively limited to rescue excavations, although there are also individual research and teaching excavations.
The main focus of work is or was:- Castle research
- Mining archeology in the Harz Mountains with the medieval mine in the Old Camp since 2008 and in the Harz region with the Düna manor between 1981 and 1985
- Moor archeology , especially in north-western Lower Saxony, such as girls from the Uchter moor and stilted paths in the camp moor
- Palaeolithic / Mesolithic and the Schöningen project in open-cast brown coal mining in the Helmstedt district since 1983
- Settlement archeology with the Rullstorf settlement chamber from 1979 to 2009
- Department B: Building and art monument maintenance with professional advice to builders, architects, craftsmen in the planning, financing and implementation of measures on architectural monuments as well as the area departments Braunschweig, Hanover, Lüneburg and Oldenburg.
Special areas are: - Department F: Specialist services with services for the preservation of monuments, such as a restoration workshop, specialist library (40,000 volumes), archive with writings, maps, photo workshop, drawing office, IUK technology , ADABweb , restoration advice
- Department Z: Central tasks with internal administrative tasks relating to personnel, organization, budget
- Matters relating to the Protection of Cultural Property Act , licensing authority for exports of valuable cultural property
The Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation is the seat of the Society for Monument Preservation in Lower Saxony, founded in 2011 as a non-profit association .
Topics and projects
Building and art monument maintenance
archeology
- Airborne laser scanning in the Weser Uplands
- Harzhorn event
- Heidenwall Oldenburg
- Kranenburg in the Steinhuder Meer
- Girls from the Uchter Moor
- NEL gas pipeline with gold hoard from Gessel
- palaeon , archaeological research and experience center Schöninger Speere
restoration
- Computed tomography of block recoveries
- Painting of the ceiling of the Michaeliskirche Hildesheim
- (Photo) documentation of the Schöningen spears
- Environmental damage to stone monuments
Settlement history of the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea
In 2012 the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture announced the project settlement and cultural history of the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea Region . In the joint project, the Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research and the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation are carrying out an inventory of the Wadden Sea in order to gain new insights into the history of the settlement . Archaeological finds in the Wadden Sea are systematically sighted, evaluated and displayed in the ADABweb database . The project is deemed necessary as wind farms are increasingly changing the space with power lines, sand flushing, etc.
Databases
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ADABweb
From 1996 the NLD used the archaeological database ADAB (General Monument Database) for the inventory . Since 2003, as an e-government project in Lower Saxony, the further developed, web-based database ADABweb has been operated for the entire preservation of monuments, including the preservation of buildings and art monuments. The system was presented at the CeBIT computer fair in 2002, 2003 and 2004. In 2004 it had data on around 90,000 archaeological sites and monuments. In 2010, 90,000 photos from building and art monument maintenance were included. The application is integrated into the nationwide intranet , but can also be accessed via protected internet. The database is also used by other (monument) authorities in Lower Saxony. The system contains, among other things, GIS data from map servers such as the State Office for Geoinformation and Rural Development Lower Saxony as well as cadastral data and data from analog images and texts. Hyperlinks provide additional information about the relational database . The aerial photo archive of the archaeological flight prospecting , which has been expanding since 1989, was integrated into the ADABweb database from 2004.
mobiDENK
In order to give the general public an overview of the architectural and ground monuments in Lower Saxony, the monument information system "mobiDENK" was planned, which was not implemented. It should contain limited information from the ADABweb database as a mobile GPS- based system. A prototype on a PDA was presented at CEBIT in 2004 .
Monument Atlas of Lower Saxony
In 2017, the Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture announced a “digital monument atlas” as a public online platform on the Internet as an overview of the 80,000 architectural and 130,000 ground monuments in Lower Saxony. The project went online in a beta version as the Lower Saxony Monument Atlas at the beginning of 2020 and, after a gradual expansion, is to contain over 120,000 monuments in 2023 . The individual monuments are visible on an interactive map and provided with detailed information. The monument atlas implemented by the Lower Saxony State Office for the Preservation of Monuments is intended as an information and service platform in particular for citizens, preservationists, building planners and government agencies.
Publications
The Lower Saxony State Office for the Preservation of Monuments issues a number of publications:
- Workbooks for monument preservation in Lower Saxony
- Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony , 41 volumes (as of 2012), (initially via the Lower Saxony State Administration Office - publications by the Institute for Monument Preservation) initially published by the Lower Saxony state curator Hans-Herbert Möller
- News from Lower Saxony's prehistory , published together with the Archaeological Commission for Lower Saxony
- Find chronicle of Lower Saxony as a supplement to news from Lower Saxony's prehistory
- Material booklets on the prehistory and early history of Lower Saxony
- Guide to the prehistory and early history of Lower Saxony
- Magazine reports for the Conservation of Lower Saxony , published quarterly since 1981
- Lower Saxony preservation of monuments 1955–2001
Events
The NLD offers the interested public numerous thematic events and activities in Lower Saxony, which are also carried out with event partners. There was a greater response:
- Searching for traces with monument preservationists as excursion trips with the Society for Monument Preservation in Lower Saxony to historically significant sites since 2009 (quarterly)
- Lower Saxony Monument Preservation Day since 1986 (every two years)
- Open Monument Day since 1993 (annually)
- Lecture series with the Society for Monument Preservation in Lower Saxony in the winter half-year on archaeological topics such as urban archeology
- 85th day for monument preservation on Sunday, June 18 in Oldenburg as part of the annual conference of the Association of State Monument Preservators, June 19 to 21, 2017 in Oldenburg
- Open day in the archaeological workshops on March 18, 2018
Marking of monuments
Since the amendment to the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act in 2011, owners have been able to mark their architectural and ground monuments with a monument protection plaque, which is issued by the Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture as the highest monument protection authority. The plaques are issued by the lower monument protection authorities.
The monument protection plaque issued from 2012 to 2017 was derived with its symbol from the marking according to the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954). In 2018 the plaque was replaced by a white sign with the state coat of arms ( Niedersachsenross ).
Plaque for an architectural monument
(2012-2017)
Plaque for a ground monument (2012-2017)
Monument protection plaque
from 2018
See also
- Archaeological Commission for Lower Saxony
- Circle of Friends for Archeology in Lower Saxony
- Society for the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony
- List of architectural monuments in Lower Saxony
- List of German conservation authorities
- New excavations and research in Lower Saxony
literature
- Hans-Herbert Möller: The Institute for Monument Preservation. Tasks and goals of the monument authority In: Reports on the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony, 1/1981
- The Institute for Monument Preservation. The monument authority of the State of Lower Saxony , publication of the Lower Saxony State Administration Office, Institute for Monument Preservation, 1996
- Christiane Segers-Glocke: 25 Years of the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act In: Reports on Monument Preservation in Lower Saxony, 4/2004
Web links
- Literature from and about the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation in the catalog of the German National Library
- Official website
- Description of the archaeological preservation of monuments by the State Office by the Friends of Archeology in Lower Saxony
- Building history of the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation from Villa Rümpler to St. Vinzenzstift Hospital (pdf, 2.2 MB)
- OLD news blog of the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation for the 85th Day for Monument Preservation on June 18, 2017 in Oldenburg
Individual evidence
- ↑ Christiane Segers-Glocke: Looking back ahead In: Niedersächsische Denkmalpflege 1993–2000, Volume 16
- ↑ Stefanie Lindemeier: The representatives of the preservation of monuments: conservators and consistorial builders. In this: Studies on the restoration history of medieval vault and wall paintings in the area of today's Lower Saxony - presentation of historical methods, techniques and materials , dissertation 2008 at the University of Fine Arts Dresden in cooperation with the HAWK University of Applied Science and Art Hildesheim / Holzminden / Göttingen , pp. 44-52; here: p. 44f .; downloadable ( memento of July 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) as a PDF document
- ↑ Landtag printed paper 14/191 of September 2, 1998: Administrative responsibilities according to the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act (PDF, 388 kB)
- ↑ information on the administrative modernization in Lower Saxony in Portal Lower Saxony .
- ↑ The water up to your neck. Preservation of monuments, water management and politics In: Deutschlandradio Kultur from 23 August 2007
- ↑ Annual report of the State Audit Office 2010: Monument protection and preservation after the administrative reform - a system with gaps (PDF, 877 kB)
- ↑ Speech of the SPD parliamentary group on the draft of a law amending the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Draft law of January 11, 2011 amending the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act (PDF, 105 kB)
- ↑ Elmar Stephan: Uncovering treasures with dental tools. In: Weserkurier, July 24, 2016, p. 12.
- ↑ Press release reorganization - archeology and monument preservation
- ↑ Archeology and monument preservation in Lower Saxony are restructured ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) at Archäologie.online from July 9, 2008
- ↑ Stefan Winghart: One, two, three in a bang, time is rushing - we are rushing: Annual review In: Reports on the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony , 2/2014
- ↑ High-tech for the preservation of the cultural heritage at the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation
- ↑ Target agreement for the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony ( Memento from April 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) at: Archäologie.online from January 16, 2015
- ^ Rainer Kasties: Vinzenzkrankenhaus. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 645.
- ^ Rocco Curti: The preservation and restoration of the chapel of the former St. Vincent monastery (today "NLD chapel"). In: Reports on the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony , 1/2016, pp. 22–24
- ↑ The former Lower Saxony state curator becomes an honorary member of the Bauernhaus e. V.
- ↑ Dr. Christina Krafczyk will be the top state monument curator at regionalBraunschweig.de from April 13, 2017
- ↑ Christina Krafczyk moves to the head of the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments , press release of the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture from April 12, 2017
- ↑ List of the lower monument protection authorities (PDF, 18 kB)
- ↑ Archeology bases and regional teams
- ↑ Support centers and regional teams for building and art monument maintenance (PDF, 20 kB)
- ↑ Press release of MWK Archaeological Heritage in the Wadden Sea is published on July 2nd, 2012
- ↑ Torsten Gohlisch: ADABweb specialist information system
- ↑ The next steps towards e-government In: ReformZeit No. 2 / April 2004
- ↑ Monument protection plaque will in future bear the coat of arms of Lower Saxony. Press release from the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture from December 22, 2017.
- ↑ List of publications 2012 (PDF, 428 kB)
- ^ Transparent workshop , communication from the Lower Saxony State Office for Monument Preservation
- ↑ Restorers give an insight into their work in Mindener Tageblatt from March 19, 2018
- ↑ Guideline for the labeling of architectural monuments and ground monuments in accordance with Section 28, Paragraph 2 of the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act with a monument protection plaque
Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 34 " N , 9 ° 45 ′ 12.8" E