Unterlüß
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Unterlüß
community Südheide
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| Height : | 108 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 77.53 km² |
| Residents : | 3486 (December 31, 2013) |
| Population density : | 45 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 2015 |
| Postal code : | 29345 |
| Area code : | 05827 |
 Location of the former municipality of Unterlüß in the district of Celle
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Unterlüß is located in the northeast of the state of Lower Saxony , in the Lüneburg Heath , on the eastern edge of the Südheide nature park and is part of the municipality of Südheide in the district of Celle .
geography
Geographical location
Unterlüß is located within the 7,500 ha large Lüßwaldes . The Lüßwald, a mixed forest with pine , spruce , beech , oak and birch , is one of the largest contiguous forest areas in Germany and part of the Südheide landscape protection area (LSG-CE 25).
The municipality includes the villages or farmsteads Altensothrieth, Lünsholz (forester's house), Lutterloh , Neuensothrieth (forester's house), Neu-Lutterloh (a new farmer's settlement, founded in 1955), Neuschröderhof, Schafstall (forester's house), Schröderhof, Siedenholz (formerly forester's house, now a youth forest home) and Theerhof.
Land use
The land use in Unterlüß is distributed as follows:
| Type of use | size | Type of use | size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | 6478 ha | Water surface | 19 ha | |
| Building area | 239 ha | Agriculture | 600 ha |
history
The field and forest name Lüß was mentioned as early as 1569. Unterlüß is probably named after this forest of Lüß, which is located southwest of the town.
In 1847 the Lehrte – Harburg (Hanover – Hamburg) line was built and the Unterlüß station was laid out. As a result, a settlement was built at the train station. In 1899 the Rheinische Metallwaaren- und Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft set up a shooting range nearby, and the first factory complex was built. This contributed to the upswing, so that the settlement was raised to an independent municipality in 1910. During the First World War , French prisoners of war were used at Rheinmetall. As a result of the Versailles Treaty , Rheinmetall had to switch to civilian production and operated a model agricultural estate ; some replacement jobs were created in the kieselguhr industry.
As part of the armament of the Wehrmacht , the plant was expanded from 1934. Rheinmetall and Borsig were nationalized and merged to form Rheinmetall-Borsig . In today's district of Hohenrieth (incorporated in 1942) a factory settlement was built in 1936 . With the beginning of the Second World War in 1939, Polish forced laborers were used in the Rheinmetall-Borsig plant, and after 1941 Soviet forced laborers were also employed. In 1944, Hungarian Jewish women were employed in production by Rheinmetall-Borsig in a Unterlüß subcamp of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp . After the war ended in 1945, the site was occupied by the British and the partially destroyed factory facilities and the factory settlements were confiscated. There were about twenty barracks camps for about 4000 foreign forced laborers and prisoners of war (about 2500 Poles, 1000 from the USSR, 500 Yugoslavs, 1000 from other countries).
Rheinmetall Berlin AG was re-privatized in 1951; The Artos textile machine factory was established as the second industrial company in Unterlüß . In 1955 the British withdrew, and Rheinmetall was now producing for the Bundeswehr .
The cyclone quimburga focused on 13 November 1972 at Lüßwald at Unterlüß, one of the largest contiguous forest areas in the Südheide , especially large damage. In 1974 the Artos plant in Unterlüß was closed after it had been sold to the British mechanical engineering group Babcock . With tax money from the State of Lower Saxony, Rheinmetall built the Technologiezentrum Nord (TZN) for military research in 1986, which should also be usable for civilian use. The downsizing of the Bundeswehr led to a slump in orders and job losses at Rheinmetall.
In 1997 the 150th local anniversary was celebrated.
Incorporations
On January 1, 1973, sub-areas of the community Weesen with then about 300 inhabitants were incorporated.
Outsourcing
On March 1, 1973, an area with then less than 50 inhabitants was assigned to the neighboring municipality of Eschede .
Population development
In 2007 Unterlüß had 3,887 inhabitants. The sudden increase in the number of inhabitants after the Second World War is mainly due to the influx of displaced people.
| year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1940 | 2500 | 1970 | 4700 | 2005 | 4115 | ||
| 1945 | 8200 | 1980 | 4600 | 2006 | 3922 | ||
| 1950 | 4100 | 1990 | 4300 | 2007 | 3887 | ||
| 1960 | 4250 | 2000 | 4350 | 2008 | 3817 |
religion
There are two Evangelical Lutheran churches in the village , the Evangelical Free Church Baptist congregation with its Christ Church and one Catholic congregation .
politics
Municipal council until 2014
The council of the community Unterlüß consists of 14 (2001: 15) members and (since 2005) the directly elected full-time mayor . After the local elections since 2001, the local council was composed as follows:
| CDU | SPD | independent | FOR Unterlüß | total | ||||
| 2001 | Seats | 9 | 6th | 0 | 0 | 15 seats | ||
| 2006 | Seats | 8th | 4th | 2 | 0 | 15 seats | ||
| 2011 | Seats | 6th | 3 | 0 (see FOR) | 5 | 15 seats | ||
| 2011 | Share of votes | (45.2%) | (18.3%) | (36.5%) |
last local election on September 11, 2011
Local council from 2015
The local council of Unterlüß consists of seven local council members.
Mayor until 2014
- 1945–1948: Erich Müller, SPD (deployed by the British occupying forces)
- 1948–1949: Heinrich Leifels, CDU
- 1949–1951: Walter Gähle, CDU
- 1951–1956: Heinrich Meyer
- 1956–1957: Wilhelm Schmidt, CDU
- 1957–1970: Robert Busse, CDU
- 1970–1991: August Biermann, CDU
- 1991-2005: Eberhard Staiger, CDU
- 2005–2014: Kurt Wilks, non-party
Local mayor from 2015
- 2015–: Kurt Wilks, CDU
With effect from October 1, 2005, the office of mayor and municipal director coincided until December 31, 2014. This office was held by Kurt Wilks, who was elected on May 22, 2005 with 63% of the votes, a non-party graduate in administration.
Since January 1, 2015, Unterlüß has formed the new municipality of Südheide in the district of Celle together with the neighboring Hermannsburg . Mayor is Axel Flader.
Culture and sights
Theaters and museums
- The Albert-König-Museum , the only pure art museum in the Lüneburg Heath, is dedicated to the painter and graphic artist Albert König , whose estate the Unterlüß community has inherited.
music
- Liedertafel "Frohsinn" (choral society)
- Gospel concerts by the Evangelical Peace Church
- Classical concerts in the Albert König Museum
Buildings
- Evangelical Lutheran Church of Peace (Schulstrasse 7)
- Evangelical Free Church Christ Church (Baptists), opened in 1980 (Erfurter Weg 7)
- Catholic St. Paul's Church (Müdener Road 33), built in 1926-27 and is now the parish of St. John the Baptist in Celle-Vorwerk belonging
- New Apostolic Church (Heidkamp 9), built in 1988 and now closed
Friedenskirche
Former home of the artist, today the Albert-König-Museum
Architectural monuments
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- List of architectural monuments in Unterlüß
- Gaußstein (Breithorn) In 1820, King George IV commissioned the professor of astronomy and director of the observatory at the University of Göttingen, Carl Friedrich Gauß , to measure the Kingdom of Hanover . Gauß also used the mountain Breithorn (118 m above sea level ), south of Unterlüß, as one of the triangle points to the Falkenberg further west near Wardböhmen (150 m above sea level) and to the north located Wilseder Berg (169 m above sea level) for the land survey. . It can be assumed that the Breitehorn, Haußelberg and Falkenberg points, which are all in the forest today, were then on free, unwooded hilltops, probably surrounded by heathland. It was not until the major systematic afforestation in the second half of the 19th century that the wooded landscape was created today.
Sports
- Gymnastics and Sports Club (TuS) Unterlüß e. V. (various branches)
- DLRG (swimming), school and club pool
- Bowling Association Unterlüß
- FC Unterlüß
Regular events
- Shooting festival in Unterlüß, since 1952 on the last weekend in July
- Schützenfest in Lutterloh, every year on Ascension Day
- Unterlüßer village festival, since 1981 on the last weekend in August
- " Rheinmetall disarm", a week-long anti-militarist camp since 2017 in late summer
- Sports week
- Forest Christmas market, always on the Saturday before the 1st Advent
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
- Rheinmetall, a company in the armaments industry, has been on the site since 1899, today the only major employer in the town and the entire region with around 1,700 employees
- Eltosch-Grafix GmbH, a company that manufactures components for printing machines. Eltosch Grafix is a global company that operates just one of many locations in Unterlüß
- The majority of Unterlüß companies are members of the Unterlüß eV trade association (since 1980).
education
- Kindergarten "Noah's Ark" ( Evangelical Lutheran )
- Kindergarten / day nursery "Rainbow" ( DRK )
- Primary school "forest school"
- Branch of the Volkshochschule Celle (located in the elementary school)
traffic
Unterlüß has a train station and is on the Hanover – Hamburg line . This is served by the Metronom railway company, trains to Hanover / Göttingen and Uelzen / Hamburg run every hour.
Unterlüß is 8 km from the federal highway 191 . The cities of Celle (37 km) and Uelzen (35 km) can each be reached in a good half an hour.
Personalities
- Tilopâ Monk (1949-2010), artist
literature
- Jürgen Gedicke: Chronicle of the community Unterlüß. From the beginnings as a railway settlement in 1847 to the independent municipality in 1910 . 1997. ISBN 3-930374-10-2 .
- Jürgen Gedicke: Chronicle of the political community Unterlüß. Volume 2: From the independent community in 1910 to the end of World War II in 1945 . Unterlüß 2002. ISBN 3-927399-37-X .
- Karl-Heinz Grotjahn: Meiler, mills and monarchs. A brief history of kieselguhr mining in the Lüneburg Heath 1836–1994 (= publication of the Albert-König-Museum 30), Unterlüß 1999.
- Nils Köhler: Forced labor in the Lüneburg Heath. Organization and everyday life of the “foreign deployment” 1939–1945 . Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2004, 2nd edition. ISBN 3-89534-537-7 .
- Rainer Schulze (ed.): Troubled times. Experience reports from the district of Celle 1945–49 . Munich 1990. ISBN 3-486-54981-2 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Jürgen Udolph (research): The "place name researcher". In: website NDR 1 Lower Saxony . Archived from the original on December 3, 2016 ; accessed on August 5, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 223 .
- ↑ Preliminary results of the district and municipal elections as a PDF document 2.90 MB ( Memento of the original from January 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Local council of Unterlüß ( Memento of the original from December 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Law on the new formation of the community Südheide, district of Celle, of May 15, 2014. In: Niedersächsisches Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt 5321 of May 28, 2014, Lower Saxony State Chancellery, Hanover 2014, p. 142.
