Sample good

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A sample estate is a large farm with mixed agriculture , which, as a test farm , has the task of serving the farmers as a model to be copied and for teaching purposes.

description

From the 18th century, model estates were set up in Germany with the aim of eliminating the backwardness of German agriculture and enabling farmers to increase their yields. The movement started around 1785 from Caspar Voght , who built his model estate in Flottbek at the gates of Hamburg.

A further push for reform, first in Bavaria , later in Baden-Württemberg , developed from 1818 onwards in view of the agricultural crisis due to poor harvests caused by the so-called " year without a summer " and the famine caused by failed government policies when the governments took measures to promote agriculture and undertook organizational reforms in the agricultural sector. The establishment of further model estates, including those based on the model of the estate founded in Weihenstephan in Bavaria in 1803, was followed by the establishment of agricultural associations , which were supposed to combine theory and practice and convey to the farmers. As a result, the famine of 1816/17 was less serious in Bavaria than in Baden-Württemberg, where the intensification of agricultural policy was not tackled until years later.

In viticulture , state-run model estates are called domains or viticulture domains . Their tradition is older than that of mixed farming.

Well-known sample goods

  • Mustergut Flottbek , founded by Caspar Voght in 1785
  • Mustergut Weihenstephan , founded in 1803, from which the University of Applied Sciences for Horticulture and Agriculture emerged.
  • Weissensee manor , converted into a model manor by Johann Heinrich Leberecht Pistorius in 1821
  • A. Borsig estate in Havelland, built by August Borsig at the end of the 19th century as a model agricultural business
  • Gut Klausheide , founded in 1910 by the German industrialists Bertha and Gustav Krupp
  • Gut Hornegg , built in 1875 by the German railway pioneer and architect Daniel von Lapp and run as a model fish farm since 1964.

literature

  • German Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forests: Reports on Agriculture. P. Parey., 1967
  • Gerhard Ahrens: Caspar Voght and his model estate Flottbek: English agriculture in Germany at the end of the 18th century . Christians, 1969, ISBN 3-935100-08-6

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