Friedrich von Thiersch

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Portrait from 1927, Kurhaus Wiesbaden

Friedrich Maximilian Thiersch , knight of Thiersch since 1897 (born April 18, 1852 in Marburg an der Lahn , † December 23, 1921 in Munich ), was a German architect and painter . He is considered one of the most important representatives of late historicism .

Life

Thiersch grew up in Marburg; he was the grandson of the philologist Friedrich Thiersch , the brother of the architect and university professor August Thiersch and the uncle of the classical archaeologist Hermann Thiersch . With his wife Auguste Thiersch geb. Eibler, a daughter of the Kommerzialrat Eduard Eibler from Lindau , he had eight children, including the writer Berta Thiersch (1888-1984) and the bookbinder Frieda Thiersch (1889-1947), who ran the prestigious bindery of the Bremen press . After leaving school, Friedrich von Thiersch studied architecture from 1868 to 1873 at the Technical University of Stuttgart . He then worked in the Frankfurt architecture firm of Karl Jonas Mylius and Alfred Friedrich Bluntschli . After internal disputes he made his 1878 self .

On numerous educational trips across Europe (e.g. to Greece in 1878), Friedrich Thiersch acquired extensive knowledge of building history and architecture. He then received his habilitation and was appointed professor at the Technical University of Munich in 1882. After his breakthrough as an architect, he stayed in Munich, but built throughout Germany for various princes and cities as well as for the imperial family. In 1896 he received a small gold medal at the International Art Exhibition in Berlin . Friedrich Thiersch was awarded the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown in 1897 and thus elevated to the personal knighthood . The last decade of his life was marked by personal losses. In January 1914 he lost his daughter Marie, in October of the same year his son Ernst was killed in the First World War . In 1918 his son-in-law Albrecht Zeller died and in 1920 his second son Friedrich. Friedrich von Thiersch died one day before Christmas Eve 1921. His body was buried in the Munich forest cemetery , old part, in grave no. 71-W-10. A portrait bust of the architect stands in the entrance hall of the Palazzo Tegernsee , which he and his brother August 1873/1874 planned . The bust was designed by the Munich sculptor Andrea Wenzel.

plant

Munich Palace of Justice
Kurhaus Wiesbaden in the evening
Thiersch was an expert in dome construction (here: Kurhaus Wiesbaden)
Friedrich von Thiersch created the tower of the Technical University of Munich in 1916.

In 1882 he took part in the second architectural competition for the Reichstag building in Berlin . He was next to the ultimately victorious Paul Wallot the most promising contender for the first price. Since the jury could not come to an agreement, he received the 1st prize together with Paul Wallot, who was only then declared the main winner. In 1885 he also took part in the competition to build the Imperial Court in Leipzig . The contract for this project went to Ludwig Hoffmann , but Thiersch was able to achieve a respectable success due to his skilful symbiosis of different architectural styles and the monumental dignity of his design, which earned him the contract to build the Munich Palace of Justice in 1887 . The Palace of Justice, built between 1891 and 1897, which contains both neo-baroque and modern elements (glass dome), finally made it famous. At the same time, by awarding the contract, the city of Munich managed to bind Thiersch to itself, as he had already received a call to the Technical University (Berlin-) Charlottenburg . He stayed in Munich and from then on also built for the Kingdom of Bavaria. In Munich, the Bernheimer Palais (1887–1889) and, when the Palace of Justice turned out to be too small after only five years of use, the New Justice Building (1902–1905) were built according to his design . With the completion of the Palace of Justice, he received the Knight's Medal of the Bavarian Crown and was thus raised to the nobility .

This monumental building aroused the interest of Kaiser Wilhelm II , who commissioned him, among other things, to reconstruct the historical altars of Pergamon and Altyra for Berlin's Museum Island . He also got him the contract to build the Wiesbaden Kurhaus , whose concert hall is now called Friedrich-von-Thiersch-Saal . The monumental concert and event hall, built between 1902 and 1907, impressed the emperor, who told Thiersch that he couldn't trust himself to have such a monumental building built in his own capital.

Thiersch also built the festival hall in Frankfurt am Main (1907-1909), which with its 65 meter wide dome is a technical masterpiece to this day, today's Theodor Heuss Bridge between Mainz and Kastel (today Wiesbaden) (1885) and the garrison church (today's name: Friedenskirche) in Ludwigsburg (1899–1903).

Friedrich von Thiersch is considered a master of the symbiosis of historical architectural styles. He deviated from established, academic patterns and created something new and historic, but in every respect splendid and unique. He used the formal idiom of bygone eras without, however, copying their buildings exactly. At the same time he was an expert in dome construction and provided his buildings with monumental interiors. In addition, he kept up to date with the latest technical developments and was always involved in the development of central heating systems, elevators, ventilation systems and sanitary facilities in his buildings.

Buildings and designs

The meeting room of the town hall is considered to be one of the most important spatial creations of late historicism.

Movies

  • Friedrich von Thiersch. A Munich architect of historicism. BR 2003, documentation by Bernhard Graf

literature

  • Hermann Thiersch: Friedrich von Thiersch, the architect (1852-1921). A picture of life. Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, Berlin 1925.
  • Johann-Georg Fuchs: Friedrich von Thiersch. A Munich painter and draftsman. Cardamina Verlag, Plaidt 2013.

Web links

Commons : Friedrich von Thiersch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kirchrain 125, Villa Fischer with park. January 1, 1897. Retrieved February 20, 2017 .
  2. ↑ The Konzerthaus on the outskirts in FAZ from November 6, 2017, page 31
  3. ↑ Max Schmid (ed.): One hundred designs from the competition for the Bismarck National Monument on the Elisenhöhe near Bingerbrück-Bingen. Düsseldorfer Verlagsanstalt, Düsseldorf 1911. (n. Pag.)
personal data
SURNAME Thiersch, Friedrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Thiersch, Friedrich Max; Thiersch, Friedrich Max Ritter von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect, university professor and painter
DATE OF BIRTH April 18, 1852
PLACE OF BIRTH Marburg on the Lahn
DATE OF DEATH December 23, 1921
Place of death Munich