Karl Maximilian von Bauernfeind

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Karl Maximilian von Bauernfeind
Grave of Karl Max von Bauernfeind in the old northern cemetery in Munich.

Karl Maximilian (Max) von Bauernfeind (born November 28, 1818 in Arzberg in Upper Franconia; † August 3, 1894 in Feldafing ) was a German geodesist and bridge engineer .

Life

At the age of 18, Bauernfeind went to the Polytechnic School in Nuremberg with Georg Simon Ohm , studied mathematics and physics in Munich two years later and passed the state examination in 1841. After gaining practical experience as an engineer for the highest building authority in the construction of the Ludwig-Süd-Nord-Bahn in the Fichtelgebirge , he became an associate professor in 1846 and a full professor of geodesy at the Royal Polytechnic School in Munich in 1851 . From 1868 he was the head of the Polytechnic School (now the Technical University of Munich ), which was reorganized according to his proposals ; there he made geodesy a scientific discipline. After relinquishing management in 1874, he held this office again from 1880 to 1889. Bauernfeind's grave is located in the Old Northern Cemetery in Munich. In 1846, Bauernfeind presented a revision of the theory of the bridge vault, which remained authoritative for a long time. Five years later he invented the prism cross (connection of two prisms, e.g. Bauernfeind prisms (three-sided prisms )), a device which, due to its accuracy, soon became an indispensable aid for geodesists. In 1856 his elements of surveying appeared , which became the standard work of this young science for decades. In 1857 he took barometric altitude measurements in the Alps ; here it was clearly recognized for the first time what influence the thermal radiation of the ground has. In 1864 he examined in detail terrestrial refraction , the refraction of light rays in the atmosphere.

When the Bavarian Degree Measurement Commission was founded around 1865 , Bauernfeind headed the Bavarian Precision Leveling , which was completed a year before his death and was not replaced by a new system until 1957. He recognized and promoted talents such as Rudolf Diesel and Carl Linde or the later geodesy professor Christian August Vogler through scholarships and appointments .

In 1865 he became an extraordinary member of the mathematical-physical class of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and in 1870 he became a full member. In 1873 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

The Technical University of Munich honors personalities who have made outstanding contributions to the university with the Karl Max von Bauernfeind Medal. There is also a Karl-Max-von-Bauernfeind lecture hall in his honor at the main campus of the Technical University of Munich in Maxvorstadt , the room number of which is 2750.

literature

Web links

Commons : Karl Maximilian von Bauernfeind  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Member entry by Prof. Dr. Carl Maximilian von Bauernfeind (with picture) at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on February 5, 2016.
  2. ^ Member entry of Carl Maximilian von Bauernfeind at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 5, 2016.