Bingerbrück

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Bingerbrück
Former municipal coat of arms of Bingerbrück
Coordinates: 49 ° 57 ′ 57 ″  N , 7 ° 53 ′ 3 ″  E
Height : 80–217 m above sea level NHN
Area : 2 km²
Residents : 3297  (March 6, 2016)
Population density : 1,649 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 7th June 1969
Postal code : 55411
Area code : 06721
Bingerbrück (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Bingerbrück

Location of Bingerbrück in Rhineland-Palatinate

Bingerbrück , also popularly known as Kaltnaggisch , has been a district of Bingen am Rhein since 1969 , which is located to the left of the Nahe and the Rhine . Two bridges connect the place with Bingen, including the historic Drusus Bridge . The Binger Wald (part of the Soonwald ), an extensive hiking area, begins in Bingerbrück .

history

prehistory

A Roman settlement cannot be proven. During the construction of the railway line in the 1850s , however, an extensive Roman burial ground was excavated, which was located on the arterial road of the Roman Bingen. The stone monuments that were found, mostly gravestones of soldiers of the auxiliary troops , are now in the Roman Hall in Bad Kreuznach .

middle Ages

Ruins of Rupertsberg Monastery with Drusus Bridge

Hildegard von Bingen moved in 1150 with 18 or 20 nuns from the Disibodenberg monastery to the Rupertsberg monastery that she founded . Here a spiritual center of the West arose . The Abbey was reduced to rubble by the Swedes in 1632 . The convent under the superior Anna Lerch von Dirmstein dispersed, some nuns went to Cologne , others to Mainz , others to Luxembourg . The abbess returned from Cologne in 1636 , stayed in Bingen for a short time and went to the Eibingen monastery . She did not succeed in rebuilding Rupertsberg. The later attempts at reconstruction did not lead to any result either. Small construction work and repairs were started again and again, but during the First Coalition War between France , Prussia and Austria between 1792 and 1797, all of the monastery's remaining buildings were left to decay.

Hildegard Memorial Church in Bingerbrück

After the Congress of Vienna

Euler's house in Bingerbrück

In 1816, Bingen came to the Grand Duchy of Hesse with the newly formed province of Rheinhessen , whose borders were determined by the Rhine and Nahe . The city surrendered the rights to the Rupertsberg district, and so it was added to the now Prussian parish village of Weiler , which was under the administration and the mayor's office of Waldalgesheim . The political changes brought about by the Congress of Vienna also had economic consequences. The Binger Bridge, which is now known as the Drusus Bridge , was the only and therefore important connecting bridge between Prussia and Hesse . A customs office building was built in 1820 in the immediate vicinity of the Lohe mill on the Mühebach. It is to be regarded as Bingerbrück's first house. The former Lohe mill was no longer used and was converted into a house and a wine shop. Hoffmann von Fallersleben lived in this house from 1849 to 1851.

The main customs office at Binger Brücke became superfluous after a customs treaty was concluded between Prussia and Hesse in 1828. In 1835 the name "Binger Bridge" appeared for the first time in customs regulations, and in 1838 there were nine inhabitants in Bingerbrück. Limestone , which had particularly good properties and could be used as a building material, was found in the vineyards in 1843 . The company Geyger und Wildt carried out the mining and distribution of the Bingerbrück black lime .

Construction of the railroad

Bingerbrück station with depot, 1920

The Hessische Ludwigs Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft received the concession for the Mainz-Bingen line in 1856. Construction work began in 1858, and at the same time the Bingerbrück-Cologne line was being driven by the Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . At the mouth of the river, a Prussian train station was built (until 1993 Bingerbrück, since then called Bingen (Rhein) Hbf ) and a Hessian train station in Bingen (since 1993 Bingen Stadt train station ). The continuous journey from Mainz to Cologne was possible from December 15, 1859. After only six months of construction, made possible by an agreement between the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Kingdom of Prussia , a bridge was built over the Nahe. In parallel, had Prussia building the Nahe Valley Railway through the Rhine-Nahe Railway Company promoted, and in July 1858, the route was Bingerbrück- Bad Kreuznach opened. Most of the remains of Rupertsberg Monastery fell victim to the construction of the route in 1857. The Bingerbrück station, which has been Bingen (Rhine) main station since 1993 , had a depot with a large roundhouse .

From 1906 there was an operation licensed as a small railway and for the Prussian part as a tram , which was called AG Binger branch lines . The routes connected the Bingerbrück station with the Bingen and Büdesheim stations . A year later the route from Büdesheim to Dietersheim was extended. The line to Bingerbrück was abandoned in 1922 and dismantled after the concession was withdrawn in 1926, the remaining operations ceased on October 22, 1955.

The struggle for independence

Due to the development of the railway , Bingerbrück experienced a strong increase in population: 1868 82 inhabitants, 1875 803 inhabitants. In 1878 a first application was made to separate the Rupertsberg from Weiler, but was rejected by the President . At the time of the further struggle to achieve political independence, the decisions about the facilities necessary for a growing community were made: a school as well as a Protestant and a Catholic church community. On October 1, 1880, the Bingerbrücker children were released from the Binger elementary school and started school the following day in the new school in the former Provinzialstrasse. The Catholic Church was consecrated on August 7, 1892, and the Evangelical Church was completed by Christmas 1894.

On April 20, 1892, Kaiser Wilhelm II signed a decree separating the village of Bingerbrück from the community of Weiler. On June 10, 1892, Bingerbrück began to become independent. The first mayor of Bingerbrück, which now had over 1500 inhabitants, was Johann Franz Herter in 1886. Towards the end of the imperial era, the Elisenhöhe near Bingerbrück was under discussion as the location of a huge Bismarck national monument .

The end of the empire

Due to the influx of many railway workers, the administration recorded 3,185 citizens before the First World War. Bingerbrück became one of the most important transport hubs for the troops in the west. To protect the militarily important station, an air station with two machine guns was set up on the Elisenhöhe . Hospital trains were parked on the sidings , which, under the direction of the Medical Council Dr. Stork stood. Bingerbrück complained of 47 fellow citizens who died in the war. On December 13, 1918, the first French troops moved into Bingerbrück.

Weimar Republic and the road to war

Plaque in memory of the Jews deported from Bingerbrück

During this time, the Bingerbrück community fared like many other communities in the state. Due to the occupation, the housing shortage worsened, and the government decided to build many new apartments. The economic situation in Bingerbrück improved by 1936. At times there are two brick factories, seven wine companies, an iron foundry, 23 hotels and restaurants and two electronic companies.

During the Third Reich , the Jews in Bingerbrück also got more and more distress. The Jewish community in Bingerbrück was not very large, but its members included well-known traders: the Wolf family, the Wohlgemuth families, the Winkelstein family, the Müller family and the Herz family. In 1942 Hermann and Selma Herz and the Müller family were deported and murdered. Since 1997, a memorial plaque for the deported fellow citizens has been attached to the memorial at the initiative and instigation of the Bingerbrück Heimatverein.

The second World War

Bingerbrück 1945

During the Second World War , the bombing of the Allied air forces was particularly fatal for Bingerbrück because the community, as an important traffic junction, was a frequent target. The railway system , which had helped the community flourish in peacetime, became the cause of its destruction. The station facilities were attacked for the first time on September 29, 1944. 123 people died on this "black Friday" in Bingerbrück. The station building, the post office and almost the entire Elisenstrasse were victims of the high explosive bombs . The destroyed tracks were partly repaired by a railway construction brigade, but after repeated attacks by enemy fighters , the hardest time for Bingerbrück began in November 1944: five bombing raids were followed on December 29, 1944 by a major attack that destroyed everything that was not yet in ruins and ashes lay. Of the once 3299 people, only a few hundred still lived in the bombed-out place. Most of them had fled to relatives and friends in the country. The two Nahe bridges were blown up by retreating German troops in mid-March 1945.

The Americans advanced on March 18, 1945, and the fighting in Bingerbrück came to an end on March 21, 1945. The railway area with the post office and half of the houses were completely destroyed. Another quarter of the buildings were no longer habitable due to severe damage. Not even 100 people lived in Bingerbrück.

Reconstruction and incorporation

Recording Bingerbrück from scarlet head of

After the war , Bingerbrück fared like many other cities: The food and supply situation was very poor, as was the food distribution. There was a lack of footwear , rubbish collection , street lighting and sewerage . Nevertheless, the authorities and the residents set about pushing ahead with the reconstruction. In the spring of 1948 the landowners were obliged to tidy up and clear out their land. The question of incorporation into Bingen was already explained in March 1949 , but was rejected that same month. A day of great importance was May 19, 1951: The new, still single-lane Herterbrücke was inaugurated and the station was reconnected to traffic. The new passenger station went into operation that same night. The youth hostel was opened on May 1, 1956 . Due to the decision to take the necessary bypass road of the B 9 through Bingerbrück, the school building on Drususstraße had to give way, among other things, on 23 August 1958 the new school building in Herterstraße was inaugurated. The approval process for the development of the Elisenhöhe and the Bangerts dragged on for years; the approval was finally granted in December 1965. In the summer of 1968, preliminary planning began for a new swimming pool, also on the Elisenhöhe. Finally, on June 7, 1969, Bingerbrück was incorporated into the city of Bingen.

Attractions

In the list of cultural monuments in Bingen am Rhein , ten individual monuments are listed for Bingerbrück .

Personalities from the history of Bingerbrück

Sons and daughters of Bingerbrück

  • Karl Linz (1869-?), President of the Senate at the Imperial Court

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Bingerbrück  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Structural data of the city of Bingen , accessed on March 6, 2016
  2. ↑ M. Kochems, D. Höltge: trams and light rail in Germany , volume 12 Rhineland-Palatinate / Saarland , EK-Verlag, Freiburg (2011), pp 20-33, ISBN 978-3-88255-393-2
  3. ↑ Official municipality directory (= State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 407 ). Bad Ems February 2016, p. 160 (PDF; 2.8 MB).