1728

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Heads of State · Nekrolog · Music Year

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1728
The Beggar's Opera by John Gay and Johann Christoph Pepusch will premiere in London.
Anne Marie d'Orléans , Queen of Sardinia , dies.	Shortly after the birth of her son Peter , the Russian Princess Anna Petrovna dies of consumption.
1728 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1176/77 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1720/21 (turn of the year 10/11 September)
Bengali solar calendar	1133/34 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar	2271/72 (southern Buddhism); 2270/71 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	73rd (74th) cycle Year of the Earth-Monkey戊申 ( at the beginning of the year Fire-Sheep 丁未)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	1090/91 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	4061/62 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	1106/07
Islamic calendar	1140/41 (turn of the year 6/7 August)
Jewish calendar	5488/89 (September 3-4)
Coptic calendar	1444/45 (September 10-11)
Malayalam calendar	903/904
Seleucid era	Babylon: 2038/39 (turn of the year April) Syria: 2039/40 (turn of the year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1784/85 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

North africa

French medal in memory of the conquest of Tunis and Tripoli

• In order to force reparations and compensation for various pirate attacks , a French fleet under Étienne Nicolas de Grandpré appears first off Tunis , then off Tripoli . Unlike the Bey of Tunis, the Pasha of Tripoli, Ahmad Qaramanli , rejects the French demands.
• 20th bis 26. July : The French begin during the Barbary Wars with the bombing of Tripoli , in the six-day bombardment, the North African corsairs in will Barbary Coast Tripolitania almost completely destroyed.

Asia

• The Sultanate of Lahij makes itself independent of the Zaidis in Yemen .

Holy Roman Empire

• May 25 : With the death of Count Friedrich Ludwig, the Nassau-Ottweiler line in the male line expires . It is inherited by Karl von Nassau-Usingen , who also acquires Nassau-Idstein and the county of Saarbrücken with the Ottweiler rule .
• December 23 : In the secret treaty between King Friedrich Wilhelm I and the German Emperor Karl VI. the anti-Austrian policy of Prussia is abandoned, in return the emperor recognizes Prussian claims to the Duchy of Berg .

Northern Europe

Statue of Hans Egede in Nuuk

• The Norwegian missionary Hans Egede founds the settlement Nuuk in Greenland , today the capital of the island.

Voyages of discovery

• The Dane Vitus Bering sets out on the first Russian Kamchatka expedition .
• August 21 : Vitus Bering discovers an island between Russia and Alaska , which he names St. Lawrence Island in honor of the day's saint .

economy

• May 25 : A royal decree from Louis XV. allows the French to transport wine no longer just in barrels , but also in bottles . This decree is the basis for the prosperity of the Ruinart champagne house in Reims .

science and technology

• January 5 : In Cuba is Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Gerónimo de La Habana founded. The foundation is by Pope Innocent XIII. and King Philip V of Spain authorized.

John Bartram House

• The Quaker John Bartram laid out Bartram's Garden in Philadelphia , now North America's oldest botanical garden .

Cyclopaedia , title page

• History and development of the encyclopedia : Ephraim Chambers publishes Cyclopædia, or, An universal dictionary of arts and sciences , the first English-language encyclopedia in London .

Culture

literature

• The Captivity narrative of Elizabeth Hanson appears. In it, she processes her time in several months of Indian captivity during the summer of 1724 .

Music and theater

→ Main article : Music year 1728

• January 2 : The libretto for the oratorio Per la festività del Santo Natale by Pietro Metastasio , composed at the request of Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni , is premiered in the first setting by Giovanni Battista Costanzi in the Palazzo della Cancelleria in Rome.
• January 29th : The world premiere of the ballad opera The Beggar's Opera by John Gay (text) and Johann Christoph Pepusch (music) takes place at Lincoln's Inn Fields Theater in London.
• February 17th : The opera Siroe, Re di Persia by Georg Friedrich Händel based on a libretto by Nicola Francesco Haym based on a model by Pietro Metastasio is premiered at the King's Theater on the Haymarket in London.

Beginning of Elisa's aria in Handel's autograph of Tolomeo

• April 30th : The opera Tolomeo by Georg Friedrich Handel based on the libretto by Nicola Francesco Haym based on a model by Carlo Sigismondo Capece is premiered at King's Theater am Haymarket in London. The title role is sung by the mezzo-soprano Senesino , other roles are sung by Francesca Cuzzoni , Faustina Bordoni and Giuseppe Maria Boschi .
• May 26th : The world premiere of the opera Miriways by Georg Philipp Telemann based on the libretto by Johann Samuel Müller takes place at the Hamburg Opera on Gänsemarkt .
• September 24 : The world premiere of Henry Carey 's opera The Quaker's Opera takes place in London.

society

Maria Theresa around 1728

• Empress Elisabeth Christine appoints Countess Karoline von Fuchs-Mollard as educator of the two young archduchesses Maria Theresia and Maria Anna . A close friendship develops between the "vixen" and the two girls.

religion

• May 3rd : In the usual “singing lesson”, Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf gives his congregation brothers a verse from the Bible to take along. This is the beginning of the Moravian Slogans .

• The first complete translation of the Bible into the Sorbian language appears.
• Johann Heinrich Callenberg founds the Pietistic Institutum Judaicum et Muhammedicum at the suggestion of Johann Andreas Hochstetter and instigates the Pietistic Institutum Judaicum et Muhammedicum through August Hermann Francke with the special aim of the mission to the Jews .

Disasters

• August 31st : In the major fire in Schwäbisch Hall , two thirds of the old town are destroyed by flames. In addition to 294 private houses, two churches, the hospital, the town hall and the saltworks burned down. The reconstruction is carried out in the Baroque style, which has shaped the cityscape to this day, although the medieval quarters will be retained except for the newly planned Neue Straße.

Map of Copenhagen after the fire, the burned down districts in yellow

• 20th bis 23. October : The major fire in Copenhagen a third of the urban area falls around the victim. With the library of the University of Copenhagen, records by Tycho Brahe and Ole Rømer are lost , among others .

Born

January to March

• 0January 3 : Johann Georg Büsch , German educator and publicist († 1800 )
• January 16 : Niccolò Piccinni , Italian composer († 1800 )
• January 17 : Johann Gottfried Müthel , German harpsichordist, organist and composer († 1788 )
• January 29 : Georg Heinrich Conrad Hüttemann , Lutheran missionary in India († 1781 )
• January 30 : Benedikt Stattler , German Catholic theologian, educator and philosopher († 1797 )

• 0February 3 : Georg Christian Oeder , German botanist, doctor and social reformer († 1791 )
• February 11 : Carl Eugen , Duke of Württemberg († 1793 )
• February 12 : Étienne-Louis Boullée , classical French architect († 1799 )
• February 13 : John Hunter , British anatomist, is considered the founder of scientific surgery († 1793 )
• February 17 : Pietro Bardellino , Italian Baroque painter († 1806 )

Peter III as a child

• February 21 : Peter III. , Emperor of Russia († 1762 )
• February 24 : Franz Josef Aumann , Austrian composer († 1797 )
• February 25 : John Wood the Younger , English builder († 1782 )
• February 26th : Antoine Baumé , French chemist and pharmacist, inventor of a hydrometer, namesake of the Grad Baumé graduation († 1804 )

• 0March 3 : Joseph Anton Steiner , German Catholic theologian († 1801 )
• 0March 5 : Friedrich Immanuel Schwarz , German Lutheran theologian and educator († 1786 )
• 0March 7 : Isaak Iselin , Swiss philosopher of history († 1782 )
• 0March 8 : Johann Friedrich von Tröltsch , German lawyer († 1793 )

Anton Raphael Mengs, around 1775

• March 12 : Anton Raphael Mengs , German painter († 1779 )
• March 12 : Friedrich Wilhelm von Taube , German administrative officer in Austrian service († 1778 )
• March 16 : Margareta Moller , German writer and wife of Klopstock († 1758 )
• March 19 : Pieter Jozef Verhaghen , Flemish painter († 1811 )
• March 20 : Samuel Auguste Tissot , Swiss doctor († 1797 )
• March 23 : Jean Chappe d'Auteroche , French astronomer († 1769 )
• March 28 : Johann Georg Krünitz , German lexicographer and encyclopaedist († 1796 )
• March 29 : Kirill Rasumowski , Russian General Field Marshal and Hetman of the Zaporozhian Cossacks († 1803 )
• March 31 : Johann Gottfried Clemen , German plantation owner († 1785 )

April to July

• 0April 2 : Franz Aspelmayr , Austrian composer († 1786 )
• April 15 : Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla , Italian doctor and military surgeon († 1800 )
• April 16 : Joseph Black , Scottish physicist and chemist, discoverer of carbon dioxide, the element magnesium and latent heat († 1799 )
• April 23 : Samuel Wallis , British naval officer, circumnavigator and first European in Tahiti († 1795 )

• 0May 6 : Johann Andreas Stein , German instrument maker, inventor of the bounce mechanism († 1792 )
• May 11 : Pierre Gaviniès , French violinist and composer († 1800 )
• May 18 : Johann Andreas Tafinger , German educator and Protestant theologian († 1804 )
• May 24th : Jean-Baptiste Pillement , French painter and graphic artist († 1808 )

• 0June 3 : Joseph Anselm Adelmann von Adelmannsfelden , German politician († 1805 )
• 0June 4th : Therese von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , abbess of the imperial monastery of Gandersheim († 1778 )
• 0June 7 : Karl Daniel Freyberg , German historian and physicist († 1802 )
• June 15 : Shah Alam II , Emperor of the Indian Mughal Empire († 1806 )

• 0July 3 : Robert Adam , Scottish architect, interior designer and furniture designer († 1792 )
• July 18 : Pietro Arduino , Italian botanist († 1805 )
• July 21 : Georg Christian Crollius , German historian († 1790 )
• July 31 : Heinrich Ludwig Manger , royal Prussian chief building officer and gardening inspector, master builder and pomologist († 1790 )

August to October

• August 15 : Georg Daniel Auberlen , musician and composer from Württemberg († 1784 )
• August 15 : Stanislaw Czerniewicz , vicar general of the Societas Jesu in Russia († 1785 )

Johann Heinrich Lambert, 1829

• August 26 : Johann Heinrich Lambert , German mathematician and physicist († 1777 )
• August 28 : John Stark , American general in the American War of Independence († 1822 )
• August 29 : Maria Anna of Saxony , Electress of Bavaria († 1797 )

• 0September 3 : Matthew Boulton , English engineer and entrepreneur († 1809 )
• 0September 6 : Christian Braunmann Tullin , Norwegian poet († 1765 )
• September 15 : Carl Wilhelm Müller , multiple mayor of the city of Leipzig († 1801 )
• September 18 : Richard Mique , French architect († 1794 )
• September 23 : Carlo Allioni , Italian doctor and botanist († 1804 )
• September 27 : Wilhelm August Alemann , Mayor of Hanover († 1784 )

• 0October 4 : Friedrich Moritz von Nostitz-Rieneck , Austrian Field Marshal and President of the Court War Council († 1796 )
• 0October 5 : Charles-Geneviève-Louis-Auguste-André-Thimothée d'Éon de Beaumont , French diplomat, soldier, Freemason, writer and sword fencer († 1810 )
• 0October 7 : Caesar Rodney , lawyer, politician, officer and one of the American founding fathers († 1784 )
• October 17 : Franz Seraph von Kohlbrenner , Bavarian publicist († 1783 )
• October 18 : Peter Frederik Suhm , Norwegian historian († 1798 )
• October 18 : August Wilhelm von Vietinghoff , royal Prussian lieutenant general († 1799 )
• October 28 : Johann Gottlieb Waldin , German university professor († 1795 )
• October 30 : Marcin Odlanicki Poczobutt , Polish-Lithuanian astronomer, Jesuit and mathematician († 1810 )

November December

• 0November 1 : Johann Friedrich Städel , German private banker and patron († 1816 )
• 0November 5 : Franz Xaver von Wulfen , Hungarian-Austrian physicist, mathematician, botanist and mineralogist († 1805 )

James Cook, 1776

• 0November 7th : James Cook , British navigator († 1779 )
• November 10 : Oliver Goldsmith , Irish writer and doctor († 1774 )
• November 17 : Nikolaus Ambrosi , Italian sculptor († unknown)
• November 22nd : Karl Friedrich von Baden , Grand Duke of Baden († 1811 )
• November 25 : Johann August Urlsperger , German theologian and preacher († 1806 )
• November 26 : Jules Crozet , French explorer († 1782 )
• November 28 : Ernst Julius Marx , German organ builder († 1799 )

• 0December 1 : Jędrzej Kitowicz , Polish clergyman and historian († 1804 )
• 0December 2 : Ferdinando Galiani , Italian diplomat, economist and writer († 1787 )
• 0December 8th : Johann Georg Zimmermann , Swiss doctor, scholar, philosopher and writer († 1795 )
• 0December 9 : Pietro Alessandro Guglielmi , Italian composer († 1804 )
• 0December 9 : Jan Tesánek , Czech scholar and author of scientific literature († 1788 )
• December 11 : Christiana Büsching , German poet († 1777 )
• December 14 : Johann Rudolf Ulrich , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor († 1795 )
• December 21 : Hermann Friedrich Raupach , German composer († 1778 )
• December 25 : Johann Adam Hiller , German composer, music writer and conductor († 1804 )
• December 28 : Justus Claproth , German lawyer and inventor († 1805 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Ali Bey , Bey of the Mamluks in Egypt († 1773 )
• John Butler , loyalist British colonist in North America († 1796 )
• Christoph Traugott Delius , German mining scientist († 1779 )
• Sir William Fawcett , British officer († 1804 )
• Johann Georg Fellwöck , German mechanic († 1810 )
• Carlo Galli da Bibiena , Italian decorative and theater painter († 1787 )
• Johann Jakob Haltiner , Swiss master builder († 1800 )
• Hiraga Gennai , Japanese scholar, inventor and writer († 1780 )
• Franz von Paula Kiennast , Bavarian teacher and promoter of amateur theater († 1793 )
• Iwan Iwanowitsch Polsunow , Russian inventor († 1766 )
• Caroline von Satzenhofen , abbess of the noble women's monastery Vilich and lover of the electoral Cologne First Minister Caspar Anton von Belderbusch († 1785 )
• John Wilkinson , English inventor († 1808 )
• Mary Ann Yates , British actress and dancer († 1787 )

Died

January to April

• 0January 1 : Friedrich Anton Ulrich von Waldeck , Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (* 1676 )
• January 27 : François Duval , French violinist and composer (* 1672 )
• January 30th : Elisabeth Auguste Sofie von der Pfalz , Hereditary Princess of the Palatinate (* 1693 )

• February 12 : Agostino Steffani , Italian composer, diplomat and Catholic auxiliary bishop (* 1654 )
• February 13 : Cotton Mather , New England Puritan clergyman and scholar (* 1663 )
• February 16 : Marie Aurora Countess von Königsmarck , noblewoman and lover of August the Strong, provess of the Quedlinburg Abbey (* 1662 )
• February 16 : Heinrich , Duke of Saxony-Weißenfels, General Elector of Saxony (* 1657 )
• February 17 : Pyotr Andrejewitsch Tolstoy , Russian politician (* around 1646 )
• February 21 : Johann Heinrich von Mörs , priest and official in the Archdiocese of Cologne
• February 25 : Alexander zu Dohna-Schlobitten , Brandenburg-Prussian General Field Marshal and diplomat (* 1661 )
• February 28 : Ogyū Sorai , Japanese Neo-Confucian philosopher (* 1666 )

• 0March 7th : Friedrich Ludwig , Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, Field Marshal General and Governor of Prussia (* 1653 )
• 0March 8 : Giovanni Mario Crescimbeni , Italian poet, historian and curator of the Accademia dell'Arcadia (* 1663 )
• March 12 : Carlo Sigismondo Capece , Italian librettist and playwright (* 1652 )
• March 15 : Anna Petrovna , Russian princess, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf, mother of the tsar (* 1708 )
• March 20 : Camille d'Hostun de la Baume, duc de Tallard , French general, statesman and Marshal of France (* 1652 )
• March 25 : Georg Heinrich Götze , German Lutheran theologian and superintendent of the city of Lübeck (* 1667 )

• April 10 : Nicodemus Tessin the Younger , Swedish architect (* 1654 )
• April 13 : Samuel Molyneux , British politician and astronomer (* 1689 )
• April 13 : Johann Christoph Schmidt , German composer (* 1664 )
• April 20 : Anton Braun , mechanic, optician and court mathematician in Vienna, inventor of one of the first calculating machines (* 1686 )
• April 23 : Tomás de Torrejón y Velasco , Spanish composer and conductor (* 1644 ) who worked in Peru
• April 25 : John Woodward , English natural historian, geologist and doctor (* 1665 )
• April 30 : Jacob Heinrich von Flemming , electoral Polish statesman and army chief (* 1667 )

May to August

• 0May 7th : Rosa Venerini , Italian Catholic nun and saint (* 1656 )
• May 20 : Antoine Desgodetz , French architect and archaeologist (* 1653 )
• May 22 : Johann Friedrich Eosander von Göthe , German builder of the late Baroque (* 1669 )
• May 25 : Friedrich Ludwig , Count of Nassau-Ottweiler and of Saarbrücken, Senior of the Nassau House (* 1651 )

• 0June 9 : Pyotr Matwejewitsch Apraxin , Russian lieutenant general under Peter the Great (* 1659 )
• June 13th : Friedrich Christian , founder of the older house of Schaumburg-Lippe and Count of Schaumburg-Lippe (* 1655 )
• June 23 : Tsuji Gettan Sukemochi , Japanese scholar, philosopher and samurai (* 1649 )
• June 30th : Otto Friedrich von der Groeben , soldier and explorer in the service of Brandenburg-Prussia and other European countries (* 1657 )

• July 15 : Katharina Dorothea Finck von Finckenstein , German noblewoman, ancestral mother of the ruling families of Russia, Denmark, Norway, Greece and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (* 1700 )
• July 25 : Friedrich Wilhelm Bierling , German Protestant theologian and critical historian (* 1676 )
• July 26th : John Freind , English doctor (* 1675 )

• August 10 : Heinrich von Sanden , German doctor and physicist (* 1672 )
• August 11 : William Sherard , English botanist (* 1659 )
• August 12 : Antonius Jacobus Henckel , German theologian (* 1668 )
• August 12 : Hendrick Zwaardecroon , Governor General of the Dutch East Indies (* 1667 )
• August 14 : Ernst August II of Hanover , Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück, Knight of the Order of the Garter and Duke of York and Albany (* 1674 )
• August 15 : Marin Marais , French viol player and composer (* 1656 )
• 26 August : Anne Marie d'Orléans , Duchess of Savoy, Queen of Sicily and Sardinia-Piedmont (* 1669 )
• August 26 : Wilhelm Ernst , Duke of Saxe-Weimar (* 1662 )

September to December

• 0September 5 : Maria Elisabetha Hügelin , Italian-German master stonemason (* 1662 )
• September 21 : Johann Friedrich II. Von Alvensleben , Hanoverian Minister (* 1657 )
• September 23 : Christian Thomasius , German lawyer and philosopher (* 1655 )
• September 26 : Friedrich Wilhelm von Schlitz , privy councilor and electoral Brunswick-Lüneburg chamber president (* 1647 )

• 0October 7th : Jean-Baptiste Volumier , Flemish violin virtuoso and composer (* around 1670 )
• 0October 8 : Anne Danican Philidor , French composer and court musician (* 1681 )
• October 11 : Ulrich von Federspiel , Bishop of Chur (* 1657 )

• 0November 2 : Nils Ehrenskiöld , Swedish admiral (* 1674 )
• November 10 : Fyodor Matwejewitsch Apraxin , Admiral General under Peter the Great, creator of the Russian Navy (* 1661 )
• November 10 : Rupert von Bodman , prince abbot in the prince monastery Kempten (* 1646 )
• November 17 : Johann von Bötticher , councilor and mayor of Nordhausen (* 1662 )
• November 19 : Leopold , Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, sponsor and friend of Johann Sebastian Bach (* 1694 )
• November 30th : Alexandre Roussel , French evangelical preacher and martyr (* 1702 )

• 0December 4 : Christian Wildvogel , German legal scholar (* 1644 )
• 0December 6th : Heinrich Rüdiger von Ilgen , Brandenburg-Prussian State Minister and diplomat (* 1654 )
• December 11th : Eberhard Ludwig Gruber , radical pietist and one of the first leaders of the German inspiration movement (* 1665 )
• December 25th : Johann Theodor Richterich , Mayor of the Imperial City of Aachen (* 1650 )
• December 28 : Anna Sophie , Princess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Princess of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (* 1670 )
• 000December: Dominicus Pelli , Swiss architect and building contractor (* 1657 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Patrick Blair , Scottish doctor and botanist (* around 1672 )
• Balthasar Esterbauer , German wood and stone sculptor (* around 1672 )
• Gaetano Greco , Italian music teacher and composer (* around 1657 )
• Antonio de Zamora , Spanish playwright (* around 1660 )

Web links

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