Maria Elisabetha Hillin

Statue of the Virgin Mary from Kaiserstein, by Elias Hügel, model wife Maria Elisabetha, 1718

Maria Elisabetha Hügelin (born Ferrethin; * 1662 in Kaisersteinbruch , western Hungary , today Burgenland ; † September 5, 1728 there ) was an Italian-German master stonemason and judge, was the widow of master stonemason Martin Trumler and, after his death, wife of master stonemason Elias Hügel .

Maria Elisabetha Ferrethin

Hofburg, Leopoldine wing, imperial order from the father

Maria Elisabetha, daughter of master Ambrosius Ferrethi and Maria N. The father was married to Agatha Bregnin from the important stonemason family Bregno - uncle Antonius was an imperial stonemason , father Hieronymus was also a master of the Viennese building works. They acquired the property of their uncle Pietro Maino Maderno , who was an ennobled court sculptor and judge, who died in 1653 . Through these connections to the court building department, Ambrosius, as a young master, received the major order for all stone carving work for the "new wing", the Leopoldine wing of the Vienna Hofburg . That determined his further life. His wife Agatha died on January 28, 1662 at the age of 24.

Shortly thereafter, he married Maria N. He had five children with her, three of whom survived. The firstborn was Maria Elisabetha, and Anastasia was born a year later. The mother died at the age of 40 on February 2, 1674, the wealthy court stone mason was the third marriage to Catharina N. from Vienna. Maria Elisabetha had now turned twelve. The third wife of her father, Catharina, was the center of a rumor in 1678, which on August 25th led to a serious and harsh order from Abbot Clemens Schäffer , ... as when Mrs. Catharina Ferrethin alda had violated a carnal fornication ... the person, which is rumored to be connected to hunted 20 ducats . In 1680 the father was appointed judge in the imperial quarry.

Maria Elisabetha Trumlerin

Martin Trumler from her Italian homeland became an apprentice to her father in 1665 . In 1670 he was acquitted as a journeyman . After the Great Turkish War of 1683 at the latest , Judge Ferrethi was looking for suitable husbands for his daughters, excellent stonemasons with whom he could carry out large assignments together. In 1684 Maria Elisabetha was married to Martin Trumler, in 1686 sister Anastasia to Giovanni Battista Passerini . The Ferrethi clan worked for the palatine Paul I. Esterházy , then for many years for the Prince Liechtenstein in his Viennese palaces, including at the Eisgrub Castle headquarters .

Death of the father

The court stonemason master Ambrosius Ferrethi, judge in the quarry, died on February 22nd, 1696. In August 1694 he took on the boy Elias Hügel from Franconia as an apprentice. He had carefully led the Kaisersteinbrucher Brotherhood, now it was a difficult situation. The logical successors were his sons-in-law, but which of the two. The brotherhood could not fail because of this. Significant changes had taken place in these years, and the number of Italian stonemasons had decreased significantly. Germans and Austrians came as apprentices and journeymen. There must have been a gradual change in colloquial language. The judge's office was handed over to the Eggenburg stonemason Reichardt Fux as a compromise, which is actually unthinkable after 150 years of Italian-Swiss municipal administration.

Widows Treaty of 1682

It was left to the widow to continue the business or to give it up. The day she married a non-professional man, she lost the right to practice. After a year and a day , the widow had to stop practicing the trade in the event that a marriage with a master stonemason, or at least with a qualified journeyman, did not materialize.

Marriage of Catharina Ferrethin

Her father's third wife, her stepmother, so to speak, could have lived as a widow and got rich by selling the handicraft, there were no children to look after. At the age of 56 she made a cheerful and forward-looking decision: the 25-year-old Eggenburg journeyman from the best stonemason family, Johann Georg Haresleben , became her husband on November 18, 1696. That was an unexpected situation for the daughters Maria Elisabetha Trumlerin and Anastasia Passerinin and their husbands. The young hares life combined the excellent contacts to Eggenburg, Vienna and Ferrethin, who is now a proud hares artist, who is rich in influence and money.

Martin Trumler , her husband, epitaph, cartouche with Masonic symbol, 1705

Fux died in 1699 and the office of judge had to be filled again. Trumler and Passerini were still the logical candidates. Haresleben was involved in the major order for Schönbrunn Palace and was still too young. Passerini became the new judge in the imperial quarry. The reason was in the private environment. The Trumlerin had given birth to three children during these years, with two sons the succession was secured and the Passerin had no children, to compensate for the dignity of the office. Passerini came from abroad and had acquired his Kaisersteinbrucher estate himself; he was free and independent.

progeny

Martin Trumler died on March 20, 1705 at the age of 54. Maria Elisabetha was 43 years old, the eldest son Franz 18, Maria Regina 15, Ambrosius 13, Thomas 3 and Maximilian was born on October 6, 1705. Maria Elisabetha, now the master stonemason, had to marry again according to the guild rules . A few years later she could have handed the trade to her son, but he was still an apprentice.

Marriage of Maria Elisabetha

She chose the journeyman Elias Hügel , who immigrated from Gemünden am Main in Franconia . They married on November 14, 1706. The young German craftsman married into an Italian family, but Elias was prepared for it because his caregivers were Ferrethi, Trumler and Passerini. His first order known to us was a large-scale Holy Trinity column in Neusiedl am See in 1713/1714 . His further professional path was closely linked to Haresleben.

Marriage of the master hares life

The old female Hareslebone died in August 1707, Master Haresleben worked for the court and the nobility in Vienna. The widower, 37 years old and well on the way to becoming the first in the Kaisersteinbruch, chose Maria Regina, their 19-year-old daughter, to be his new wife. On May 1, 1708, they married in the Kaisersteinbruch Church .

Marriage of Anastasia Passerinin

The judge Giovanni Battista Passerini, her brother-in-law, died on June 9, 1710. His request to return the judge's office prematurely was approved in 1708 by the abbot. His successor was Sebastian Regondi , a second generation Italian in the quarry.

Widow Anastasia Passerinin, a former judge, had to remarry. With Simon Sasslaber , continuity was maintained, he too was an apprentice of her father and only ten years younger than her. This marriage took place in 1712. This marriage policy resulted in the future working group, to which Maria Elisabetha's son Franz Trumler was added. An important event in the imperial quarry was the major order from the Karlskirche and additional work for the Lower Belvedere Palace . They all formed a stonemason society under the direction of Hans Georg Haresleben, with him Elias Hügel.

Karlskirche, commissioned by her husband

Haresleben died on July 24th, 1716 at the age of 45. Elias Hügel was a young master stonemason at the age of 35 and had to take on these organizational tasks. This marked the beginning of the career of an Kaisersteinbruch artisan artist.

Judge Maria Elisabetha

His wife Maria Elisabetha knew from her childhood about the housekeeping of an imperial court stone mason and judge, had long been a full master and supported the aspiring master and budding artist. One of his sculptures is the statue of the Virgin Mary (picture above), modeled after Maria Elisabetha. As the successor to Johann Paul Schilck , he was judge from 1722.

Godparents

Maria Elisabetha Hügelin was an often requested godmother in the quarry, here is an example from outside in the baptismal register of the Purbach parish :

On August 19, 1722, Elias, Michael Reichardt's and Ursula, his son's son, was baptized. Gefattersleith Elias Hügel, stonemason from the quarry and Maria Elisabeth, his maid.

These Hans Kietaibl: Michael Reichardt was a Halblehen Bauer . How did he know the master stonemason Hügel? Maybe he bought wine from him.

death

Maria Elisabetha Hügelin died on September 5, 1728, her epitaph is fixed in the side chapel of the Kaisersteinbruch church next to that of the master. The inscription reads:

... LIG DA BURIED TUGENDSAM, WIFE MARIA ELISABETHA HÜGELIN WAS MY NAM, VEST JUDGE AND STONE MASTER ALHIER ...

Archival material

• Heiligenkreuz Abbey Archive, Section 51: Church books, registers, stonemasons .

literature

• Helmuth Furch , The Gravestones of the Kaisersteinbrucher Church and The Hill Family No. 1; The master widow No. 3; Hofsteinmetzmeister Elias Hügel No. 15; in communications from the Kaisersteinbruch Museum and Culture Association ISBN 978-3-9504555-3-3 .
• Vers .: Elias Huegel, master stone mason 1681–1755 . 1992 ISBN 978-3-9504555-2-6 .
• Ders .: Historical Lexicon Kaisersteinbruch , 2 volumes. Museum and cultural association, Kaisersteinbruch 2002–2004. ISBN 978-3-9504555-8-8 .
• Ders .: The brotherhood of the Kaisersteinbrucher stonemasons, a list 1650–1730 2007. ISBN 978-3-9504555-4-0 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Archive Stift Heiligenkreuz 51 / II / 5: Foundation of Anastasia Sasslaberin from October 18, 1719. In Mitteilungen No. 11, September 1991, pp. 13-15.