Institutum Judaicum et Muhammedicum

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The Institutum Judaicum et Muhammedicum in Halle (Saale) was from 1728 to 1792 a pietistic institution for proselytizing especially the Jewish population in Europe.

history

The Institutum Judaicum et Muhammedicum was founded in 1728 by Johann Heinrich Callenberg . His successors were Stephan Schultz (1714–1776) and Israel Beyer (1728–1813). Paul Anton , Joachim Justus Breithaupt and August Hermann Francke provided impulses . Spiritual fathers were Johann Müller (1649–1729) and Johann Christoph Wagenseil . In 1792 the foundation was dissolved and the estate transferred to the Francke Foundations .

The institute was shaped by the Halle Pietists , who operated an intercontinental mission with the Danish-Halle Mission as early as the early 18th century . They wanted to proclaim Christian salvation with pietistic means and carry out missioning to the Jews . The basis was the respectful scientific interest in people of different faiths. On mission trips, lectures were given in the respective national language and their own literature was passed on to Jews. After the creation of the Messianist movement of Jakob Joseph Frank in Poland, employees were deployed there. The institute wrote many writings in Arabic and Hebrew, which Halle theology students distributed. They documented the resulting reactions in diaries. The institute refrained from baptizing Jews in principle. By the time it was dissolved, the institute had sent over 20 missionaries.

In 1994 the processing of the institute's documents began and in 1997 a group of seven scientists under the direction of Professor Walter Beltz was founded to take over this work.

literature

  • Johann Heinrich Callenberg: Relation of a further effort to make Jesus Christ known to the Jewish people as the Heyland of the human race. Hall, 1738-1751.
  • Paul Gerhard Aring : Christians and Jews today - and the “mission to the Jews”? History and theology of Protestant mission to the Jews in Germany, presented and examined using the example of Protestantism in central Germany. Frankfurt am Main 1987.
  • Werner Raupp (ed.): Mission in source texts. History of the German Evangelical Mission from the Reformation to the World Mission Conference Edinburgh 1910 , Erlangen [u. a.] 1990, pp. 218-228 (= Institutum Judaicum Halle) (Einf., Quellen, Lit.).
  • Institutum Judaicum . In: Horst Rzepkowski: Lexicon of Mission: History, Theology, Ethnology . Styria, Graz - Vienna - Cologne 1992, pp. 209-210, ISBN 3-222-12052-8 .
  • Karl Heinrich Rengstorf : The German Pietists and their image of Judaism. In: J. Katz, KH Rengstorf (Hrsg.): Encounter of Germans and Jews in the intellectual history of the 18th century (= Wolfenbüttel studies for the Enlightenment. Volume 10). Max Niemeyer Verlag Tübingen, 1994.
  • Christoph Bochinger: JH Callenberg's Institutum Judaicum et Muhammedicum and its impact in Eastern Europe. In: Udo Sträter , Johannes Wallmann (Ed.): Halle and Eastern Europe. On the European radiance of Halle Pietism (= Hallesche Forschungen Volume 1). Publishing house of the Francke Foundation in Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen 1998.
  • Christoph Rymatzki: Halle Pietism and Mission to the Jews. Johann Heinrich Callenberg's Institutum Judaicum and its Circle of Friends (1728–1736) (= Hallesche Research Volume 11). Tübingen 2004, ISBN 3-484-84011-0 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Horst Rzepkowski: Lexicon of Mission: History, Theology, Ethnology . 1992, p. 210