1652

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1652
Cardinal de Retz is arrested as the leader of the Fronde on the orders of Louis XIV .	Karl Kaspar von der Leyen is promoted to Archbishop and Elector of Trier .
The Anglo-Dutch War begins.
1652 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1100/01 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1644/45 (September 10-11)
Bengali solar calendar	1057/58 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar	2195/96 (southern Buddhism); 2194/95 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	72nd (73rd) cycle Year of the water dragon壬辰 ( at the beginning of the year metal rabbit 辛卯)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	1014/15 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	3985/86 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	1030/31
Islamic calendar	1062/63 (December 1st and 2nd)
Jewish calendar	5412/13 (September 2/3)
Coptic calendar	1368/69 (September 10-11)
Malayalam calendar	827/828
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1962/63 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1963/64 (turn of the year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1708/09 (April)

Events

Politics and world events

Anglo-Dutch War

• May 29th : The naval battle at Dover between the fleets of the Commonwealth of England and the United Provinces of the Netherlands marks the beginning of the First Anglo-Dutch Sea War . There is no winner in battle.
• August 26th : In the First Anglo-Dutch Sea War, the Dutch under Admiral Michiel de Ruyter win the sea ​​battle at Plymouth over an English fleet under the command of George Ayscue , who is subsequently taken out of command.
• September 6th : In the sea ​​battle near Elba , ships from both sides collide in the first Anglo-Dutch war . The Dutch can capture an English ship with losses.
• October 8 : In the First Anglo-Dutch Sea War, the British repel an attack by the Dutch in the sea ​​battle at Kentish Knock near the Thames estuary . The heavy enemy losses caused the English parliament to send a squadron of 20 ships into the Mediterranean, which would prove fatal in the further course of the war.
• December 10th : The sea ​​battle at Dungeness in the First Anglo-Dutch War brings the Netherlands a victory and with it the rule over the English Channel , the English warships withdraw at the end of the day.

England / Ireland

• May: The siege of Galway in the course of the reconquest of Ireland by Oliver Cromwell ends with the capture of the Irish city ​​by the British parliamentary troops .

Poland-Lithuania

Cossack massacre of Polish prisoners after the Battle of Batoh

• June: In the battle of Batoh in the course of the Khmelnytskyi uprising against the rule of Poland in the Ukraine, the Zaporozhian Cossacks, led by Bohdan Khmelnyzkyj, defeat the troops of Poland in league with the Crimean khanate near Batoh near the town of Chetwertynivka in Vinnytsia Oblast -Litauens under the leadership of Kronhetman Marcin Kalinowski . They take up to 8,000 prisoners who are massacred after the battle. Among the victims of the massacre are the military commanders Samuel Jerzy Kalinowski , Zygmunt Przyjemski , Jan Odrzywolski and Marek Sobieski . This will destroy the best units of the Polish crown. Although the losses of the Polish army were quickly replaced in the following years, the loss of the most experienced military commanders and units weighed heavily. Due to the defeat, Poland temporarily loses military control over large parts of Ukraine and enables its enemies Russia and Sweden to launch powerful offensives against the Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania.
• In Poland the Liberum Veto ( veto right of the members of the Sejm) is used for the first time.

Holy Roman Empire

• March 12th : Karl Kaspar von der Leyen becomes Archbishop of Trier and at the same time Elector. He follows the late Philipp Christoph von Sötern .
• August 28th : Seven soldiers of the Prince-Bishop of Münster use a ruse to recapture Bevergern Castle, which has been occupied by the Orange since 1634 .

Brandenburg-Prussia

• The (re-) entry of the Elector couple Friedrich Wilhelms and Luise Henriette von Oranien into the restored Berlin City Palace meant the final relocation of the court from Kleve to Berlin .
• January : after the conversion of the old country estate Schloss Bötzow into a magnificent baroque palace with a Dutch park in the previous year, the place and palace are renamed in honor of the Orange daughter, Electress Luise Henriette in Oranienburg .

France

• December 19 : France's King Louis XIV. Let the Cardinal de Retz because of its interference in the politics of the day and arrested in state prison in the Donjon of Vincennes imprison.

Malta

Dwejra Tower (sea side)

• Under Grand Master Jean de Lascaris-Castellar , the Dwejra Tower, the last of the so-called Lascaris Towers to fortify Malta , is being built on Gozo .

Africa

Cape Peninsula and Table Bay (left) with Robben Island

The Landing of Jan van Riebeeck,
historicizing painting by Charles Bell (1813–1882)

• April 6th : Jan van Riebeeck goes ashore in Table Bay and builds a fort with Dutch settlers on behalf of the Dutch East India Company . Cape Town soon developed from this as a supply station for sailing ships on the Cape of Good Hope on their trade route to Southeast Asia .

• The Dutch build Fort Coenraadsburg near the Elmina fortress, which they captured in 1637 .

America

• Barbados becomes a British crown colony .

science and technology

• January 1 : In Schweinfurt the is the kennel bridge gate by doctors Johann Lorenz Bausch , Johann Michael Fehr , Georg Balthasar Metzger and Georg Balthasar welfare the private company Academia Naturae Curiosorum , the oldest scientific-medical society of scholars in Germany and today the oldest continually existing natural science academy of the world, founded.

The old Gothic town hall

• The old gothic city hall of Amsterdam burns down. Then the new construction of the Paleis op de Dam begins .

Culture

• January 17th : World premiere of the drama Eritrea by Francesco Cavalli in Venice
• December 21 : World premiere of the drama Veremonda, l'amazzone di Aragona by Francesco Cavalli at the Palazzo Reale in Naples

The rapture of St. Theresa

• Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini completes the frontal sculpture Rapture of St. Theresa .

The dance in the pub

• Adriaen van Ostade : Etching The dance in the tavern

religion

• July 30th : The Kaisersteinbrucher Church is consecrated by Abbot Michael Schnabel from Heiligenkreuz Abbey .

Historical maps and views

• 

  Plan of Berlin and Cölln by Johann Gregor Memhardt 1652 (northeast above)

• 

  Joan Blaeu : Delft 1652

Born

First half of the year

Anton Domenico Gabbiani

• 0January 7th : Johann Krieger , German organist and composer († 1735 )

• February 13 : Anton Domenico Gabbiani , Florentine painter († 1726 )
• February 13 : August , Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck († 1689 )
• February 13 : Johann Philipp von Greiffenclau-Vollraths , Prince-Bishop of Würzburg († 1719 )
• February 18 : Paul Gottfried Sperling , German medic († 1709 )

• March 12 : Johann Heinrich Ernesti , German teacher and rector of the Thomas School in Leipzig († 1729 )
• March 14 : Benedicta Henriette von der Pfalz , Duchess of Braunschweig-Calenberg († 1730 )
• March 26 : Valerian Brenner , master builder of the Vorarlberg Baroque († 1715 )
• March 28 : Samuel Sewall , New England merchant and judge († 1730 )

• April 10 : Gottfried Suevus the Younger , German legal scholar († 1718 )
• April 16 : Clement XII. , Pope since 1730 († 1740 )
• April 21 : Michel Rolle , member of the Academie des sciences († 1719 )
• April 25 : Giovanni Battista Foggini , Italian sculptor and architect († 1725 )

• 0May 5 : Boris Petrovich Sheremetev , Russian field marshal († 1719 )
• 0May 9 : Johann Baptist Röschel , Hungarian physicist and Lutheran theologian († 1712 )
• May 11 : Johann Philipp von Arco , Imperial Field Marshal Lieutenant († 1704 )

Liselotte of the Palatinate

• May 27 : Liselotte von der Pfalz , Duchess of Orléans († 1722 )

• June 13 : Raymundus Regondi , abbot of Altenburg Abbey († 1715 )

Second half of the year

• August 13 : Johann Ernst Kregel von Sternbach , Leipzig merchant, councilor and master builder († 1731 )
• August 31 : Ferdinando Carlo von Gonzaga-Nevers , Duke of Mantua († 1708 )

• 0November 4 : Marc René de Voyer de Paulmy, marquis d'Argenson , French statesman († 1721 )
• November 18 : Christfried Wächtler , German lawyer and polyhistor († 1732 )

• 0December 9th : August Quirinus Rivinus , German medic and botanist († 1723 )
• December 11 : Andreas Wolff , German painter († 1716 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• John Abell , Scottish lutenist and composer († 1724 )
• Andrea Belvedere , Italian painter († 1732 )

Died

See also : Nekrolog 1652

First half of the year

• January 10th : Sebastian Schobinger , Swiss physician and mayor (* 1579 )
• January 30th : Georges de la Tour , French Baroque painter (* 1593 )

• 0February 7th : Philipp Christoph von Sötern , from 1610 Bishop of Speyer and from 1623 Archbishop and Elector of Trier (* 1567 )
• February 17th : Gregorio Allegri , Italian singer and composer (* 1582 )
• February 26 : David Kindt , German painter (* 1580 )

• April 17th : Henry Howard, 22nd Earl of Arundel , English nobleman (* 1608 )
• April 20 : Pietro della Valle , Italian traveler and travel writer (* 1586 )
• April 29 : Balthasar Balduin , German Lutheran theologian (* 1605 )
• April 29 : Heinrich von Wuthenau , German administrative clerk and occasional poet (* 1598 )

• 0May 5th : Philipp Wilhelm von Innhausen and Knyphausen , East Frisian local politician (* 1591 )

• 0June 9 : Anna Sophia , Princess of Anhalt (* 1584 )
• June 21 : Inigo Jones , leading architect in the early 17th century in England (* 1573 )
• June 24th : Andries Bicker , Regent and Mayor of Amsterdam (* 1586 )
• June 25 : Abraham von Franckenberg , Silesian mystic (* 1593 )

Second half of the year

• July 22nd : Jacques Specx , Governor General of the Dutch East Indies (* 1585 )
• July 25 : Bonaventura Peeters , Flemish painter, draftsman, etcher and poet (* 1614 )

• 0August 7th : Markus Friedrich Wendelin , Protestant theologian (* 1584 )
• 0August 9 : Frédéric-Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne , Duke of Bouillon, French general (* 1605 )
• August 12 : Jakob De la Gardie , Swedish military leader (* 1583 )
• August 18 : Florimond de Beaune , French mathematician (* 1601 )

• 0September 2 : Jusepe de Ribera , Spanish painter (* 1591 )
• 0September 5 : Friedrich Leibnütz , German notary, philosopher and ethicist (* 1597 )
• 0September 7th : Patrick Young , Scottish scholar (* 1584 )
• September 12 : Franz Ico von Frydag , German officer and diplomat (* 1606 )
• September 12 : Johann von Werth , German general in the Thirty Years War (* 1591 )
• September 27 : Sophie Hedwig of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg , Holstein princess, designated Duchess of Saxony-Zeitz (* 1630 )
• September 28 : Jan Asselijn , Dutch landscape and history painter (* around 1610 )

• October 20 : Antonio Coello , Spanish writer (* 1611 )
• October 27 : Heinrich , Count of Nassau-Siegen, Dutch general (* 1611 )
• 0December 1 : Samuel Edel , German Lutheran theologian (* 1593 )

Exact date of death unknown

• September: Ralph Hopton, 1st Baron Hopton , loyal commander in the English Civil War (* 1598 )

• John Byron, 1st Baron Byron , English nobleman and royalist (* 1598 or 1599)
• Andries van Eertvelt , Flemish painter (* 1590 )
• Ambrosius Petruzzy , Italian stonemason and sculptor
• Humphrey Salwey , English politician (* around 1575 )

Web links

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