Johann Heinrich Ernesti

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Johann Heinrich Ernesti

Johann Heinrich Ernesti (born March 12, 1652 in Königsfeld near Rochlitz , † October 16, 1729 in Leipzig ) was a Saxon philosopher , theologian , classical philologist ( Latin ) and poet . He was the rector of the Thomas School and professor of poetry at the University of Leipzig . He gained literary fame through his writings on Cicero .

Life

The Spirit helps our weaknesses (BWV 226), composed by Johann Sebastian Bach for the funeral of Johann Heinrich Ernestis.

Ernesti was born the son of the preacher Daniel Ernesti. He received his first lessons from his father, who was the rector in Königsfeld. He later attended grammar school in Altenburg under his cousin Jakob Daniel Ernesti. From 1670 he studied theology and philosophy at the University of Leipzig, where he became a baccalaureus in 1672 and a master's degree in philosophy in 1674.

In 1680 he was accepted as an assessor in the philosophy faculty of the university. He also worked as a Saturday preacher at the Nikolaikirche until 1682 . From 1680 he worked as vice rector and from 1684 to 1729 as rector of the Thomas School in Leipzig. He was the successor of Jakob Thomasius . When the composer Johann Sebastian Bach applied for the post of Thomaskantor in 1723 , Ernesti was the rector's office. He introduced new school rules, which u. a. the school prayer in German allowed. At 45, he had the longest term of office of any school director known by name. His successor was the influential Johann Matthias Gesner .

In addition, Ernesti was Professor of Poetry at the University of Leipzig from 1691 . He taught Roman poets such as Horace , Ovid , Juvenal and Virgil as well as the neo-Latin Helius Eobanus Hessus . He was repeatedly Dean of the Philosophical Faculty and Pro Chancellor ; In 1712 he became vice dean and in 1713 Decemvir. Ernesti himself was active as a writer and wrote a. a. Panegyriki . His most important work was 14 Selectarum Orationum Liber ( Marcus Tullius Cicero ). In 1713 he became an academic decemvir .

For the memorial service after Ernesti's death on October 21, 1729 in the Pauline Church , Johann Sebastian Bach composed the motet The Spirit Helps Our Weakness Up ( BWV 226). Johann Heinrich Ernesti was buried in the Paulinerkirche on October 24th, 1729.

family

Ernesti married Regina Marie on April 12, 1692 in Leipzig, the daughter of Johann Benedict Carpzov II , with whom he had six children.

Works (selection)

  • Centuria evangeliorum ad usum scholasticum exactorum , 1687.
  • De usu profanarum litterarum in interpretandis scripturis sacris , 1688.
  • De usu sacrarum litterarum in interpretandis scriptoribus profanis , 1689.
  • Dissertation. acad. de pharisaeismis in libris profanorum scriptorum occurrentibus , 1690.
  • De orationibus in libris NT historicis , 1692.
  • De Regulo , 1694.
  • Historiae rerum sacrarum et profanarum parallelae , 1694–96.
  • Cornelius Nepos per epistolas scribens , 1698.
  • Misnia Romana , 1698.
  • Compendium hermoneuticae profanae s. de legendis scriptoribus profanis praecepta nonnulla , 1699.
  • Commentatio , 1700.
  • Orationes de professoribus oratoriis , 1702.
  • De prof. ethicis , 1702.
  • De professoribus poeticis , 1702.
  • De prof. dialecticis et logicis , 1703.
  • De sportula Romanorum quotidiana , 1703.
  • Ὀϱνιϑογϱαϕία Ovidiana , 1705.
  • Commentationes novae in Cornelium Nepotem. Justinum, Terentium, Plautum, Curtium et poesim barbaricam , 1707/38.
  • Commentatio in res philosophicas seculares , 1709.
  • Paralipomena , 1711.
  • Historia rerum Lipsicarum metrica , 1712.
  • Observationes poeticae de genere carminum didactico et versu rhythmico , 1714.
  • Usurpata a Curtio in particulis latinitas , 1719.
  • De latente in fabulis poeticis divina veritate , 1722.
  • Accedunt Praefatio et Indices. Adaptations by Gottlob Benedikt von Schirach , Orphanage Bookstore, Halle 1746.
  • 14 Selectarum Orationum Liber. Bookshop of the orphanage, Halle 1822.

literature

Movies

Web links

Commons : Johann Heinrich Ernesti  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jürgen Leonhardt : Latin. History of a world language . CH Beck, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-406-56898-5 , p. 247 f.
  2. ↑ Michael Maul : “Dero famous choir”: the Leipzig Thomas School and its cantors (1212–1804) . Lehmstedt, Leipzig 2012, p. 335.
  3. ↑ Martin Petzoldt : The spirit helps our weakness on BWV 226. In: Booklet for the anniversary edition of Leipzig University Music , Johann Sebastian Bach: Festival music for Leipzig university celebrations. Querstand 2009, p. 8 f.
personal data
SURNAME Ernesti, Johann Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pedagogue, professor and rector
DATE OF BIRTH March 12, 1652
PLACE OF BIRTH Koenigsfeld
DATE OF DEATH October 16, 1729
Place of death Leipzig