Oranienburg

Basic data
State :	Brandenburg
County :	Oberhavel
Height :	34 m above sea level NHN
Area :	163.64 km 2
Residents:	44,862 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	274 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	16515
Primaries :	03301, 033053
License plate :	OHV
Community key :	12 0 65 256
LOCODE :	DE ORA
City structure:	Core area, 8 districts
; City administration address :	Schloßplatz 1 ; 16515 Oranienburg
Website :	www.oranienburg.de
Mayor :	Alexander Laesicke (independent)
Location of the district town of Oranienburg ; in the Oberhavel district

Oranienburg is a large district city and medium- sized center on the Oberhavel with around 45,000 inhabitants and is located there a few kilometers north of the Berlin city limits.

geography

Lehnitzsee

Oranienburg is located in the south of the Oberhavel district in the area where it merges with Berlin and is part of the natural area of the Zehdenick-Spandau Havel lowlands . The city center of Berlin is about 35 kilometers away. Oranienburg lies on the Havel and the Oder-Havel Canal .

Neighboring communities

Immediate neighboring communities are (clockwise from the north): Löwenberger Land , Liebenwalde , Wandlitz ( Barnim district ), Mühlenbecker Land , Birkenwerder , Hohen Neuendorf , Velten , Leegebruch , Oberkrämer and Kremmen .

City structure

The city of Oranienburg consists of a district-free core area and the districts Friedrichsthal , Germendorf , Lehnitz , Malz , Sachsenhausen , Schmachtenhagen , Wensickendorf and Zehlendorf .

There are also the residential areas Albertshof, Alte Schäferei, Altstadt, Amalienhof, Anglersiedlung, Annagarten, Annahof, Rickbyhl expansion, settlement expansion, Bernöwe, Dameswalde, Eden, Fichtengrund, Neuholland forestry, forester's house, Friedenthal, glassworks, Grabowsee, Marx colony, cow bridge, Lehnitzschleuse , Luisenhof, Neu-Friedrichsthal, Neustadt, Oranienhof, Pinnower Schleuse, Rehmate , Schmachtenhagen-Ost, Schmachtenhagen-Süd, Schmachtenhagen-West, Schmachtenhagener Strasse, Schweizerhütte, Settlement at Rahmer See, Süd, Summter Chaussee, Tarofen, Tiergarten, Tiergartenschleuse, Triftweg settlement , Upstall, White City, Wilhelmsthal and Wittenberg.

Incorporations

Since 1974 there have been three changes to the municipality in the area of today's city of Oranienburg . In all cases it was about incorporations .

Effective date	Dissolved community	Receiving community	Type of change
April 1, 1974	Amber lion	Schmachtenhagen	Incorporation
April 1, 1974	Sachsenhausen	Oranienburg, city	Incorporation
October 26, 2003	Friedrichsthal Germendorf Lehnitz Malz Schmachtenhagen Wensickendorf Zehlendorf	Oranienburg, city	Incorporation

history

From the beginning to the Thirty Years War

Uncovering a stick dam from the 16th century (2007)

Archaeological finds show that the city emerged from a Slavic settlement that was probably called Bochzowe. The German settlement of today's urban area took place in the course of the second eastward expansion in the 12th century while retaining the old Slavic name. At the point where Oranienburg Castle is today, a castle was built at the beginning of the 13th century to protect the area and the important river crossings. In 1216 the place was first mentioned as “Bothzowe” when the Brandenburg Bishop Siegfried II confirmed his archdeaconate rights to the Brandenburg Cathedral Chapter when he assumed office . In 1232 "Bochzowe" was granted city rights. The townspeople caught fish and traded fish and agricultural products. From "Bochzowe" in 1483 the official seat of Bötzow was created. With the conquest of areas further east of the city, the castle lost its importance, and a two-story hunting lodge was built in its place by the Brandenburg Elector Joachim II . In the Thirty Years War Bötzow was burned down and looted.

Reconstruction and expansion of the city

Oranienburg Castle

In 1650, Elector of Brandenburg gave Friedrich Wilhelm to his wife Louise Henriette of Orange , the domain Bötzow. In 1652 a Dutch-style castle was built in Bötzow, which was named Oranienburg . In 1663, Louise Henriette set up the first European porcelain cabinet here . The castle name was also transferred to the city. The old name Bötzow was given again in 1694 to the nearby place, which had been named Cotzebant until then . A sister of Louise Henriette, the namesake of the city of Oranienburg, was Henriette Catharina von Oranien . She married Johann Georg II von Anhalt-Dessau and from 1683 had today's Oranienbaum Castle built, from which the town of Oranienbaum in today's Saxony-Anhalt developed. With the support of Dutch experts and religious refugees ( Huguenots , Salzburgers , Jews), the Electress had model farms built in and around Oranienburg based on the Dutch model. It created an essential prerequisite for the rapid development of Brandenburg-Prussia. From the marriage of the Great Elector with Louise Henriette, Elector Friedrich III. who had the castle embellished and expanded in memory of his beloved mother. In 1701 he founded the Kingdom of Prussia as Friedrich I. After the castle had to be sacrificed to the austerity constraints of the “soldier king ” Friedrich Wilhelm I , Prince August Wilhelm , a brother of the childless Frederick the Great and father of the Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm II , once again brought courtly splendor to Oranienburg. In his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg, Theodor Fontane reports in detail and vividly on the eventful history of Oranienburg.

industrialization

Former cider factory in Eden

In 1802 the castle was sold to the pharmacist Johann Gottfried Hempel with the obligation to build a cotton weaving mill. The war against France brought cotton production to a standstill in 1807. In 1814 a sulfuric acid factory was built in the castle , which was the first in Prussia to use the lead chamber process . In 1833 Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge discovered aniline and carbolic acid in coal tar , in 1835 the first stearin candles were made in the factory , and in 1840 the first paraffin candles . In 1848 the production facility was relocated from the castle to the mill field. In the castle, which was renovated after a fire, a Protestant teachers' seminar was opened in 1861 , which was operated until 1926.

On July 10, 1877, Oranienburg received a train station for the newly opened Berlin Northern Railway Berlin– Stralsund . On May 28, 1883, 18 Berlin vegetarians founded the first vegetarian settlement in Germany in the western part of the city: the " Vegetarian Fruit Growing Colony Eden GmbH ", in which the money reformer Silvio Gesell lived for many years and finally died. The construction of the Oder-Havel Canal from 1906 to 1912 revitalized economic life in the city. In 1912 the company Heintze & Blanckertz set up the first factory for steel springs. The resulting cold rolling mill in Oranienburg , which employed up to 7,000 people, was bought by Krupp after 1989 and closed. The most modern plant at the time was sold to China.

time of the nationalsocialism

Prisoners and guards in the Oranienburg concentration camp

On March 21, 1933 , the SA set up the Oranienburg concentration camp as the first concentration camp in Prussia in an old brewery for the imprisonment of opponents of the National Socialist regime from Brandenburg and the Reich capital Berlin . More than 3,000 prisoners were detained there until July 1934, at least 16 of them died. In July 1936, the SS built the first large concentration camp complex with the Sachsenhausen concentration camp on the boundaries of the city of Oranienburg and the independent community of Sachsenhausen on a wooded area of initially 80 hectares . During the war, the camp was expanded to a size of approx. 400 hectares. Close to the main camp, on the Hohenzollern Canal, was the Oranienburg clinker works subcamp , where the prisoners had to produce or work on bricks and natural stones for the conversion of Berlin to the capital Germania .

Oranienburg was badly damaged by aerial bombs during the war. This is due to the war-important works in the city. On the one hand there was the Auerwerke , which stretched on the site of today's housing estate on Lindenring and at the train station as far as the Havel, and the Heinkel-Werke , of which only the redeveloped white city and parts of the works airfield in the south of the city still exist . The explosive force of the bombs that destroyed the Auerwerke's production facilities resulted in the release and distribution of the radioactive material processed there. Since then, Oranienburg has been the most radioactive place in Germany.

German Democratic Republic

The grounds of the former Heinkel AG, the associated company airfield and parts of the former White City factory settlement were occupied by the Red Army and used by the Soviet Armed Forces group in Germany until they withdrew in 1994.

In August 1945 the Soviet special camp No. 7 from Weesow was relocated to part of the site of the former Sachsenhausen concentration camp. There, the Soviet occupying power interned mainly members and functionaries of the Nazi movement and the Nazi state, including many members of criminal organizations of the “Third Reich”, on the basis of Allied decisions on automatic arrest. Increasingly, the Soviet secret service also locked people who had been convicted by Soviet military tribunals in an area on the same site that was specially separated from the “internees” . Above all, there were also people who, for political or other reasons, had actually or allegedly rebelled against the Soviet occupation regime. Of the total of 60,000 prisoners, including women, young people and even children, 12,000 died by 1950, the year the camp was closed, due to hunger and epidemics as well as from the consequences of catastrophic prison conditions.

On April 23, 1952 Oranienburg was the county seat of the newly formed of the same circle in the GDR - district of Potsdam . Sachsenhausen has been part of the city of Oranienburg since April 1, 1974.

Various military units , associations and institutions were stationed in Oranienburg during the Cold War . At the end of the 1980s, for example, the Motorized Rifle Regiment 1 "Hans Beimler" of the National People's Army of the GDR and the border training regiment 40 "Hans Coppi" of the border troops of the GDR as well as the 239th Independent Helicopter Regiment of the Soviet Western Group of Troops belonged to them .

Since the reunification

With the district reform of 1993, Oranienburg became the district town of the new Oberhavel district, in which the Oranienburg and Gransee districts were incorporated. In June 1994 the units and associations of the former Soviet and now Russian western group of troops withdrew from Oranienburg.

In the course of the collapse of the GDR and the reunification of Germany , many companies were closed and many jobs were lost. However, a number of companies could also be restructured and continued and new businesses settled. Residential areas were newly built and fundamentally renovated, streets, footpaths and cycle paths were newly laid out. A mixture of old and new residential and commercial buildings characterizes the historically grown cityscape. So were z. B. After the withdrawal of the Soviet troops, the houses in the White City were renovated, and a quiet residential area was created.

On October 26th, 2003 Friedrichsthal, Germendorf, Lehnitz, Malz, Schmachtenhagen, Wensickendorf and Zehlendorf were incorporated. On September 23, 2008 the city received the title Place of Diversity awarded by the federal government .

In 2007 there were plans to build a Chinatown in Oranienburg. Under this name they also included activities and possible residents with other Asian backgrounds. However, these plans were abandoned in 2008 for economic reasons and because the distance to the center of Berlin was felt to be too great.

State Garden Show 2009 in Oranienburg

In 2009, Oranienburg hosted the fourth Brandenburg State Horticultural Show under the title Dream Landscapes of an Electress . It ran from April 25th to October 18th, 2009. The main preparatory project was the redesign of the military wasteland behind the palace into a park and thus the restoration of the palace grounds. For this purpose u. a. a new castle harbor and a Havel promenade were created. In addition, the routing of the main street was changed and the bridge route used until 1901 was restored with a newly built castle bridge. In this way, the palace square regained its central importance for the city. At the same time, a previously missing third axis was created with the construction of Nehringstrasse between the castle and the district office, thus taking into account the baroque urban layout. The city of Oranienburg bought numerous ruins and properties in order to remedy the urban grievances. As a result of these measures, the historical center of Oranienburg was significantly redesigned and sustainably upgraded. In addition to the city administration, the renovated palace now houses a museum of the Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg and the regional museum of the Oberhavel district.

The Sachsenhausen Memorial and Museum has been extensively renovated and modernized by the Brandenburg Memorials Foundation since 1993. With over 700,000 visitors annually, it is now the third largest concentration camp memorial after Auschwitz and Dachau. The history of the Oranienburg and Sachsenhausen concentration camps as well as the history of the Soviet special camp and the GDR national memorial site are presented in 13 permanent exhibitions, almost all of which are in original buildings, with numerous original artefacts, documents and help different media illustrated. An educational department offers projects, guided tours and an audio guide, and the archive and library are also accessible to visitors. If interested, visitors can deepen their knowledge in numerous publications issued by the memorial, including various interactive media.

In connection with the state horticultural show, a block of flats , the so-called sound barrier , was demolished on Berliner Strasse . A small park was created there to further improve the quality of stay in the medium-sized town. In terms of content and design, the park refers to the first German radio play on radio. It dealt with the rescue of participants in Umberto Nobile's failed North Pole expedition with the airship Italia and was written by Friedrich Wolf, who spent the last years of his life in the Oranienburg district of Lehnitz.

Because of the extraordinarily intense bombing of Oranienburg in World War II , several duds have to be recovered every year - more than half of them with chemical long-term detonators (LZZ). In 2012, around 300 explosive bombs with an LZZ were still suspected in the soil of the inhabited urban area. After more than 70 years in the ground, self-detonations become more and more probable due to aging processes in the trigger mechanism. The federal government has so far rejected the requests from the state of Brandenburg for financial support to clear the explosive bombs. Although Oranienburg is the only city in Germany that systematically searches for duds, according to the current state of financing, Oranienburg soil will only be cleared of duds after around 2070.

Population development

Population development of Oranienburg from 1875 to 2017 according to the table below

year	Residents
1875	4,793
1890	6,643
1910	12,949
1925	14,759
1933	17,120
1939	29,232
1946	18,633
1950	18,735
1964	20,243
1971	20,381
1981	26,369

year	Residents
1985	28,453
1989	28,978
1990	28,693
1991	28,587
1992	28,482
1993	28,320
1994	28,275
1995	28,446
1996	28,952
1997	29,641
1998	29,781

year	Residents
1999	29,892
2000	29,872
2001	29,931
2002	29,758
2003	40,593
2004	41,055
2005	41,115
2006	41,267
2007	41,488
2008	41,577
2009	41,590

year	Residents
2010	41,810
2011	41,370
2012	41,621
2013	42,028
2014	42,894
2015	43,526
2016	44,079
2017	43,982
2018	44,512
2019	44,862

Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census

religion

St. Nicolai Church in Oranienburg

Christianity

In addition to the Protestant congregation, whose church is the St. Nicolai Church, the Roman Catholic Church , Seventh-day Adventists , the Methodist Church and other free churches are represented in Oranienburg.

As a young pastor, the later regional bishop Kurt Scharf worked as a parish pastor in the then still independent community of Sachsenhausen at the beginning of the National Socialist era. As a committed Christian of the Confessing Church , he stood up for Jewish citizens and prisoners in the nearby concentration camp. He was also able to visit the co-founder of the Pastors' Emergency League , from which the Confessing Church emerged, Pastor Martin Niemöller , who was imprisoned from 1938 to 1941 as a "personal prisoner of Hitler" in the "cell structure" of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp.

Judaism

For several years now there has been a small, lively Jewish community in Oranienburg . The Rebirth congregation maintains a parish hall in the center of Oranienburg, which functions as a prayer house, meeting place and administration. After the city of Oranienburg returned the well-preserved Jewish cemetery to the Jewish community after they had taken care of them for decades , a burial was carried out again after an interruption of more than 60 years.

The synagogue , also known as the prayer house, from 1848 (which also included a school , teacher's apartment and mikveh ) in Havelstrasse 6 was destroyed by SA men exactly one century after the inauguration during the November pogrom in 1938 . On March 6, 1944, the building was completely destroyed by an air raid.

W. Michael Blumenthal , former US Secretary of the Treasury and long-time director of the Jewish Museum Berlin , was granted honorary citizenship in 2000 by his native Oranienburg.

politics

City Council

Local elections 2019

Turnout: 56.0% (2014: 41.9%)

%

30th

20th

10

0

20.3%

17.5%

17.1%

14.7%

10.9%

7.3%

6.7%

3.6%

2.0%

FW ^f

Gains and losses

compared to 2014

% p

18th

16

14th

12

10

8th

6th

4th

2

0

-2

-4

-6

-8th

-10

-12

-7.7 % p

-5.6 % p

+ 17.1 % p

-10.4 % p

+ 2.7 % p.p.

+1.9 % p

+ 3.2 % p

+ 3.6 % p.p.

+1.2 % p

FW ^f

Remarks:

^f Free voters Oberhavel

The Oranienburg city council consists of 36 city councilors and the full-time mayor. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019 , it has been composed as follows:

Party / group of voters	Seats
SPD	7th
CDU	6th
AfD	5
LEFT	5
Alliance 90 / The Greens	4th
Free voters Oberhavel	3
FDP	3
The party	1
Pirates	1
Non-attached city councilor Schiwek	1

In the city council, the free voters and the pirates form a common faction. In June, city councilor Sascha Schiwek resigned from the AfD and left the party.

mayor

The full-time mayor of the city has been Hans-Joachim Laesicke (SPD) since 1993 . His son Alexander Laesicke (independent) was elected as his successor for an eight-year term in the mayoral election on October 15, 2017 with 55.8% of the valid votes. He took office on January 8, 2018.

badges and flags

The coat of arms was approved on February 26, 1993.

Blazon : “A green oak tree with eight leaves and four golden fruits growing out of a green lawn in silver ; to the right of the trunk a curved red fish, turned left . "

Symbolism: The coat of arms has elements from the Bötzower coat of arms from 1548, such as the red fish (fishing justice) and the oak tree. 1937 (six) Bötzower cattail (cut right for reed harvesting piston) were replaced by golden acorns and the fish was blue tinged .

The flag of the city of Oranienburg is red and white and shows the city coat of arms, in the middle of the red and white color demarcation is the oak tree.

Town twinning

Oranienburg maintains city partnerships

Bagnolet , ( France ) since 1964
Mělník , ( Czech Republic ) since 1974
Hamm , ( Germany ) since 1990
Vught , ( Netherlands ) since 2000
Friedrichsthal (Saar) , ( Germany ) since 2003 (twin town of Friedrichsthal since 1991 - partnership taken over by Oranienburg during incorporation in 2003)

Sights and culture

Buildings

Oranienburg Palace Park Pond

Blumenthal's house

Oranienburg Castle with park, museum and orangery
Evangelical St. Nicolai Church, built in the neo-Romanesque style by Friedrich August Stüler , rebuilt after being destroyed in the Second World War . There also a memorial from 1985 in memory of the victims of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in a self-critical review of the “ German Christians ” own church history ; as well as the triptych “ Wende-Altar ”, painting (1994) by Brunolf Metzler (* 1940).
Roman Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche on the corner of Augustin-Sandtner-Strasse and Emil-Polesky-Strasse; with a memorial to the victims of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp on the front wall of the church, created in 1984 at the instigation of Pope John Paul II after a pilgrimage to Rome by GDR citizens
Former orphanage at St. Nicolai Church (donated by Louise Henriette von Oranien)
Blumenthalsches Haus, Schlossplatz (former court gardener's house)
Amtshauptmannshaus (1657) next to the castle (former district museum)

Monuments

Louise Henriette monument by Wilhelm Wolff (1858), Schlossplatz
Sculpture of the first Oranienburg governor, Otto Reichsfreiherr von Schwerin, Schlossplatz
"The Accusing", sculpture by Fritz Cremer , Schlossplatz

Memorials

Visitor center of the Sachsenhausen memorial and museum

Memorial plaque on the site of the former Oranienburg concentration camp

The most important and internationally known memorial in Oranienburg is the Sachsenhausen Memorial and Museum with various permanent exhibitions on the so-called "early" Oranienburg concentration camp , the Sachsenhausen concentration camp and the Soviet special camp Sachsenhausen from the period after the Second World War. It is located on the site of the former Sachsenhausen concentration camp.

The memorial was inaugurated in 1961 as the Sachsenhausen National Memorial to commemorate the concentration camps. After the reunification in the GDR , the concept of the memorial was fundamentally revised. In this context, the former Soviet special camp was also integrated into the memorial. The Brandenburg Memorials Foundation is the sponsor of this memorial and is based in Oranienburg.

In addition to this central memorial, there are memorial stones and plaques relating to special aspects of the concentration camp at relevant locations in the city area, e.g. B. at the location of the Oranienburg concentration camp on Berliner Strasse; at the city cemetery on Kremmener Strasse for the writer Erich Mühsam, who was murdered in the Oranienburg concentration camp in 1934 (coordinates: 52 ° 44 ′ 54.2 ″ N , 13 ° 13 ′ 37.9 ″ E ); in the cemetery on Kremmener Strasse for 1200 murdered prisoners of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp as well as around 75 forced laborers from several countries who are buried here and at Waldstrasse 22 for the communist resistance fighter Emil Polesky, who died in Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1941. A boulder with a plaque from 1974 on the corner of Lehnitzstrasse and Lindenring commemorates the inmates of the Auerwerke satellite camp of the Ravensbrück concentration camp . A memorial wall on the lock bridge commemorates the prisoners of the Klinkerwerk satellite camp . A clinker factory memorial site for this sub-camp is in the construction phase. 52.7484 13.2272

A Soviet memorial cemetery was built for Soviet soldiers and around 250 forced laborers and prisoners of war from various countries as early as 1948/49 at the corner of Bernauer Strasse and Mathias-Thesen-Strasse. At the Jewish cemetery in Kremmener Strasse, a memorial plaque commemorates the destruction and desecration by the National Socialists. The memorial plaque from 1988 for the Jewish community and their prayer house is mistakenly located on the neighboring property at Havelstrasse 5.

To commemorate the individual fates of people from Oranienburg who were persecuted, murdered, deported, expelled or driven to suicide during the National Socialist era, stumbling blocks were set in the sidewalks of these people's former homes . So far (as of 2016) there have been 49 stumbling blocks in Oranienburg .

Economy and Infrastructure

Companies

Hall of the Takeda Pharmaceutical Company in Oranienburg

The Takeda Pharmaceutical Company has a branch in Oranienburg for the development and production of pharmaceutical products and related services. The ORAFOL Europe GmbH develops and produces more than 850 employees, self-adhesive special foils, the company exports its products to more than 70 countries and is in its industry world leader. The Danish company Genan (used tire recycling), the manufacturer of plastic products Plastimat and the French company Pneu Laurent (tire production) have a decisive influence on the city's economic base. A logistics center of the Rewe Group with more than 500 employees is located in the south industrial area on the B 96 .

The business location Oranienburg is part of one of 15 regional growth centers in the state of Brandenburg.

traffic

Bundesstrasse 273 , Bernauer Strasse

Oranienburg train station

Map of the waterways around Oranienburg

The federal road 273 from Nauen to Wandlitz runs through the city in a west-east direction . The federal highway 96 bypasses the city center in the west on a four-lane route, four junctions provide the connection to the city. South of Oranienburg, the B 96 ends at the Oranienburg junction and connects the city with the 10 federal motorway (northern Berlin ring) and the 111 federal motorway (Oranienburg feeder to the Berlin city motorway).

The Oranienburg station is a station of the category 3 . It is located on the Berlin – Stralsund railway in the VBB tariff area Berlin C and is the end point of the S1 S-Bahn line. With the regional express line RE 5 Rostock / Stralsund- Berlin- Elsterwerda / Wünsdorf -Waldstadt, which runs every hour, the center of Berlin can be reached in half an hour. The regional train lines RB 12 ( Templin - Berlin Ostkreuz ) and RB 20 (Oranienburg - Potsdam Hauptbahnhof ) also operate .

In addition to the train station in Oranienburg, there is the Sachsenhausen stop on the regional train line RB 12. The Schmachtenhagen and Wensickendorf districts are connected to Berlin-Karow by the Heidekrautbahn . The S-Bahn line S1 stops in the Lehnitz district .

The Fichtengrund station on the northern line and the Zehlendorf (b Oranienburg) stop on the Heidekrautbahn were closed after 1990. The branch lines to Kremmen (part of the bypass line ) with the stations Oranienburg Süd , Eden and Germendorf and to Velten via Germendorf Süd and between Fichtengrund and Schmachtenhagen have been closed and partially dismantled.

The Oberhavel Verkehrsgesellschaft is located in the district of Germendorf . It is a regional bus company owned by the district and a member of the VBB. The company operates 42 lines with 85 buses, mainly in the Oberhavel district. Oranienburg is a central point of connection between several of the company's bus lines and with the Berlin S-Bahn and regional rail services.

The most important waterways are the Oder-Havel Canal with the Lehnitzsee , the Oranienburger Canal , the Ruppiner Canal and the Havel . To the northwest of the city, the Oranienburger and Ruppiner Canal form the Oranienburg Canal Cross . Locks in the urban area are the Lehnitz lock in the Oder-Havel Canal, the Pinnow lock in the Oranienburger and the Tiergarten lock in the Ruppiner Canal. The Sachsenhausen , Friedenthal and Malz locks are out of order , although the city is discussing a repair and recommissioning in order to improve the infrastructure for increasing water tourism.

The long-distance cycle route Berlin – Copenhagen runs through the districts of Lehnitz , city center, Friedrichsthal and Schmachtenhagen ( Bernöwe residential area ).

The city is on the German-Dutch holiday route Oranier Route .

media

The Oranienburger Generalanzeiger and a local edition of the Märkische Allgemeine appear as daily newspapers in Oranienburg . In the district of Zehlendorf there was a large radio transmission system for LW, MW and VHF with one of the most powerful long-wave transmitters in Europe. The last transmission mast was blown up on March 25, 2017. From March 2005 to 2009 the radio station oldiestar * broadcast a radio program for Brandenburg and Berlin from the T. U. R. M. Erlebniscity . The local TV broadcaster OHV-TV provides information from the region via the cable network .

education

Runge-Gymnasium Oranienburg

There are 20 schools and 9 secondary schools in Oranienburg. The general education schools in Oranienburg include the Runge-Gymnasium , the Louise-Henriette-Gymnasium and the Torhorst-Gesamtschule .

The University of the Police of the State of Brandenburg carries out the police training for the middle, upper and higher police enforcement service for the Police Brandenburg . The first year of study for the higher service is carried out here together for the Brandenburg and Berlin police . Since 2006 the police of the German Bundestag have trained police officers in Oranienburg.

Sports

The football clubs Oranienburger FC Eintracht and TuS 1896 Sachsenhausen play in the Brandenburg League in the 2018/2019 season . Other Oranienburger sports clubs are the Oranienburger HC , the TSV 1997 Oranienburg, the VSV Havel Oranienburg , the chess club Oranienburg, the SV Athletik Oranienburg and the Tiphop dance school from the Oberhavel family sports club.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

The list of honorary citizens of Oranienburg includes 20 people, including

1838: Karl von Paschwitz (1793–1872), Prussian officer
1883: Georg Scharnweber (1816–1894), Prussian politician
2000: W. Michael Blumenthal (* 1926), American politician, director of the Jewish Museum Berlin

sons and daughters of the town

Tharsander , pseudonym of the Protestant pastor Georg Wilhelm Wegner (1692–1765)
Friedrich Gustav Hagemann , actor and dramaturge (1760 – around 1830)
Friedrich Ludwig Dulon , flautist and composer (1769–1826)
Ewald Dittmar , engineer and chairman of the Association of German Engineers (VDI) (1832–1890)
Oskar Linke , writer and journalist (1854–1928)
Otto Böckler , writer (1867–1932)
Walter Klamroth , bank manager (1873-1946)
Arthur Neisser , music critic (1875–1943 / 1944)
Emil Franke , politician ( DNVP ), district mayor in Berlin-Wilmersdorf (1880–1945)
Wilhelm Kiesow , Imperial Judge (1881–1938)
Otto WA Schreiber , shipowner (1884–1967)
Walther Bothe , physicist and Nobel Prize winner (1891–1957)
Eta Harich-Schneider , harpsichordist, musicologist and writer (1897–1986)
Wilhelm Dumstrey , politician ( CDU ), district mayor in Berlin-Wilmersdorf (1899–1990)
Carl Gustav Hempel , philosopher (1905–1997)
Annemarie Norden , writer (1910-2008)
W. Michael Blumenthal , US Treasury Secretary , Director of the Jewish Museum Berlin (* 1926)
Karl-Heinz Schoenfeld , caricaturist (* 1928)
Uwe Karsten Groß , organist and composer (1930–2015)
Harry Jeske , co-founder of the rock group Puhdys (1937-2020)
Uwe Böschemeyer , psychotherapist (* 1939)
Jürgen Hoika , prehistory and early historian (1941–2005)
Gert Mattenklott , comparator (1942–2009)
Frank Badur , painter and draftsman (* 1944)
Stefan Döring , writer and translator (* 1954)
Annett Kruschke , actress (* 1964)
Bernd Eichwurzel , rower, Olympic champion 1988 (* 1964)
Kathrin Angerer , actress (* 1970)
Alexander Walke , football player (* 1983)
Marcus Mlynikowski , football player (* 1992)
Marcel Franz , cyclist (* 1996)

Personalities associated with Oranienburg

Silvio Gesell (1895)

Prisoners and personnel of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp can be found in the category prisoners in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp or in the personnel in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp category .

Luise Henriette von Oranien (1627–1667), Electress of Brandenburg and namesake of the city of Oranienburg, set up a model inn
Friedrich I (1657–1713), the first Prussian king, expanded Oranienburg Castle in honor of his mother and used it as a summer residence
August Wilhelm von Prussia (1722–1758) , brother of Frederick the Great and father of King Frederick William II , died in Oranienburg Castle
Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge (1794–1867), chemist, died in Oranienburg
Fritz Skowronnek (1858–1939), writer, died in Oranienburg
Silvio Gesell (1862–1930), the founder of free economics , spent many years of his life in Eden and died there
Wilhelm Groß (1883–1974), sculptor, preacher of the Confessing Church , died in Eden
Friedrich Wolf (1888–1953), doctor and writer, died in Lehnitz
Inge Müller (1925–1966), poet, wife of the playwright Heiner Müller , lived temporarily in Lehnitz
Kurt Kelm (1925–2009), translator, lived in Oranienburg from 1949 to 2009

literature

Friedrich Ballhorn: History of the city of Oranienburg up to the introduction of the city order in 1808 . Ed .: Jörn Lehmann. Edition Rieger, Karwe 2008, ISBN 978-3-941187-02-3 (first edition: 1850, new edition).
City of Oranienburg (ed.): Bothzowia - Oranienburg. Volume 1: City and Villages - Oranienburg through the ages. From the history of the districts. Oranienburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-9812001-0-2 .
City of Oranienburg (ed.): Bothzowia - Oranienburg. Volume 2: City and culture: garden art, castles, architecture and science. Oranienburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-9812001-1-9 .
City of Oranienburg (ed.): Bothzowia - Oranienburg. Volume 3: City and water: rivers, lakes and canals, shipping, economic and recreational areas. Oranienburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-9812001-2-6 .
Roland Lampe: I stopped by Hempel. On the trail of well-known and unknown authors in Oranienburg. Tredition Hamburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-7439-5045-0 .

Movie

Nuclear race - the secret of the bombing of Oranienburg. Documentary, Germany, 2012, 29:46 min., Script and direction: Wolfgang Albus, Thomas Claus, Maren Schibilsky, moderation: Hellmuth Henneberg , production: rbb , series: Ozon on the move , first broadcast: March 26, 2012 by rbb, summary by rbb, online video .