Zehdenick

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Zehdenick
Zehdenick
Map of Germany, position of the city of Zehdenick highlighted

Coordinates: 52 ° 59 ′  N , 13 ° 20 ′  E

Basic data
State : Brandenburg
County : Oberhavel
Height : 50 m above sea level NHN
Area : 223.07 km 2
Residents: 13,387 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 60 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 16792
Area code : 03307
License plate : OHV
Community key : 12 0 65 356

City administration address :
Falkenthaler Chaussee 1
16792 Zehdenick
Website : www.zehdenick.de
Mayor : Bert Kronenberg (independent)
Location of the town of Zehdenick in the Oberhavel district
Fürstenberg/Havel Zehdenick Liebenwalde Oranienburg Mühlenbecker Land Glienicke/Nordbahn Birkenwerder Hohen Neuendorf Hohen Neuendorf Hennigsdorf Leegebruch Velten Oberkrämer Kremmen Löwenberger Land Gransee Gransee Schönermark Sonnenberg Großwoltersdorf Stechlin Großwoltersdorf Berlin Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Mecklenburg-Vorpommernmap
About this picture
Hastbrücke and lock on the Havel
City Church
Elisabethmühle

Zehdenick is a lonely free town in the Oberhavel district of the state of Brandenburg . Since July 31, 2013, the city has had the additional designation "Havelstadt".

geography

Zehdenick is about 60 kilometers north of Berlin on the Havel . It forms the northern starting point of the natural area of the Zehdenick-Spandauer Havelniederung . The forest landscape of Schorfheide extends to the east . The urban area mainly belongs to the historical Uckermark landscape . The districts of Marienthal and Ribbeck belong to the Ruppiner Land , Mildenberg and Zabelsdorf to the Land Löwenberg . Zehdenick has a share in the Kleine Schorfheide nature reserve .

City structure

According to the main statute, the urban area of ​​Zehdenick includes 13 districts in addition to the core town of Zehdenick:

District Residents Incorporation date
Badingen (with Neuhof and Osterne) 632 October 26, 2003
Mountain village 427 December 31, 2001
Castle wall 238 October 26, 2003
cap 136 October 26, 2003
Klein-Mutz 438 October 26, 2003
Krewelin 281 October 26, 2003
Kurtschlag 268 October 26, 2003
Marienthal 428 October 26, 2003
Mildenberg 707 October 26, 2003
Ribbeck 135 December 31, 2001
Vogelsang 79 December 31, 2001
Wesendorf 249 October 26, 2003
Zabelsdorf 242 October 26, 2003

The following living spaces exist: Amt Mildenberg, expansion (district Ribbeck), expansion (core town Zehdenick), Bergluch , Boddin, Burgwaller Försterei, Deutschboden, Eichholz, Försterei Blockhaus, Großenhof, Hammelstall, Hellberge, Karlshof, Lüthkeshof, Mahnhorst, Mutzer Plan, Neuhof , Osterne, Revierförsterei Wolfsgarten, Rieckesthal, settlement II, Wolfsgarten, brickworks, brickworks dismantling and brickworks expansion.

history

Zehdenick, colored copper engraving around 1650 by Merian

At a transition over the Havel, a fortification was built on a Havel island in Slavic times. At the end of the 12th century, the Ascanian castle was built on this Yavian castle wall, and a settlement with Kietz was built to the south of it . The first written mention as "Cedenic" comes from the year 1216, when the Brandenburg Bishop Siegfried II confirmed his archdeaconate rights to the Brandenburg Cathedral Chapter when he took office . As early as 1281 it was referred to as " civitas ". The jurisdiction remained with the sovereign or the owner of the castle (or later the castle), who changed several times. In the 14th century, the castle and with it the city was temporarily owned by the Counts of Lindow-Ruppin (1323). In 1366 the castle and town were occupied by the Duke of Mecklenburg. At the beginning of the 15th century it was also occupied by Pomerania. Around 1416 it came into the possession of the family v. Holzendorf, in 1421 it was owned by the family v. Berg and in 1424 again with the family v. Holzendorf. In 1437 the Elector of Brandenburg Friedrich I succeeded in redeeming the pledge, only to give the city to the v. To pledge Holzendorf. In 1438 the elector gave it to v. Arnim as a fief. At that time, the castle and town were the center of a small lordship (Zehdenick lordship), which also included an iron hammer , a mill and farmers' services in the villages of Klein-Mutz, Hammelspring , Hindenburg, Storkow, Krewelin and Wesendorf. In 1524 the small lordship came back into the possession of the elector in exchange with the Boitzenburg lordship, who converted the city into a lordly office ( Amt Zehdenick ). The Zehdenick office was greatly enlarged in 1551 when the greater part of the possessions of the Zehdenick monastery, which was secularized in 1541, were placed under office. In 1815 it was enlarged again by dissolving the Badingen office and turning its rights and income into the Zehdenick office. The Zehdenick office was dissolved in 1872.

Founded in 1250 Cistercian - Kloster was at times significant for the development of the city. It was abolished in 1541 and the property was secularized. The monastery property initially came into the possession of the court marshal Adam von Trott , before the pledge was redeemed by the elector in 1551 and placed in the Zehdenick office. In 1801, a city fire not only destroyed large parts of the city, but also the monastery buildings. After the fire, the city was rebuilt on a partially regulated floor plan.

The blast furnace in Zehdenick, which was newly built by the Great Elector in 1664–66 and which resumed the tradition of the ironworks , which was documented as early as 1438, was of unique importance for Brandenburg-Prussia . The main product was cannon balls, which made it independent from expensive and unsafe imports. Only the turf iron stone extracted from deposits in the near and far surroundings was used for processing . The blast furnace was in operation - with interruptions - for about a hundred years.

During the construction of the Löwenberg-Templin railway line in 1887, large clay deposits were discovered, which for a long time formed the basis for numerous brickworks . Around 1900 Zehdenick and the surrounding region became one of the largest brickworks in Europe. Around 1900, up to 200 million bricks and sand-lime bricks were transported annually to Berlin with over 100 electrically powered barges, some of which were generated using water power.

Plan of Zehdenick with dry dock and battery factory around 1900

Zehdenick therefore also became an important location for inland shipping, which is reminiscent of a museum ship at the lock today. The phrase: “Berlin was built out of a boat” comes from this time. Millions of stones were produced in the ring kilns of the more than 30 brick factories by at times over 5,000 migrant workers - under the most difficult working conditions. In the GDR was VEB Ziegelwerke Zehdenick a major producer. In 1991 brick production was stopped. Today's “Tonstich landscape” has been supplemented by a museum park that presents the region's industrial past.

Zehdenick had belonged to the Templin district in the Prussian province of Brandenburg since 1817 . In 1952, the city was incorporated into the Gransee district in the GDR district of Potsdam , which continued to exist in the state of Brandenburg from 1990 to 1993.

In the course of the formation of offices in Brandenburg, the Zehdenick office and municipalities with headquarters in Zehdenick were formed on October 1, 1992 . As of December 31, 2001, the communities Bergsdorf, Ribbeck and Vogelsang were incorporated into Zehdenick. On October 26, 2003, the municipalities of Badingen, Cap, Klein-Mutz, Kurtschlag, Marienthal, Mildenberg, Wesendorf and Zabelsdorf were incorporated into Zehdenick. The office of Zehdenick and municipalities was dissolved at the same time and the city of Zehdenick became vacant. The municipality of Mildenberg lodged a municipal constitutional complaint before the constitutional court of the state of Brandenburg, some of which was rejected, the rest of which was rejected. The city of Zehdenick celebrated its 800th anniversary in 2016.

Population development

Population growth from 1875 to 2017
year Residents
1875 5 801
1890 6 718
1910 9 996
1925 9 765
1933 11 164
1939 12 544
1946 13 246
1950 13 600
1964 12 344
year Residents
1971 12 544
1981 11 884
1985 11 706
1989 11 635
1990 11 433
1991 11 286
1992 11 193
1993 11 092
1994 11 044
year Residents
1995 10 904
1996 10 879
1997 10 648
1998 10 675
1999 10 606
2000 10 543
2001 11 094
2002 10 974
2003 14,903
year Residents
2004 14,708
2005 14,607
2006 14,478
2007 14,292
2008 14,090
2009 14,033
2010 13,830
2011 13,511
2012 13,471
year Residents
2013 13,345
2014 13,325
2015 13,409
2016 13,463
2017 13,456
2018 13,437
2019 13,387

Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census

religion

In 2011, 20% of the population were Protestant, 2% Roman Catholic.

The Protestant churches in Zehdenick belong to the Oberes Havelland parish of the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia : the Zehdenick town church and the village churches in Badingen , Bergsdorf , Cap , Klein-Mutz, Krewelin, Kurtschlag , Marienthal , Mildenberg, Ribbeck, Wesendorf and Zabelsdorf .

For the Roman Catholic Christians there is the Church of the Assumption in Zehdenick and the Chapel of the Holy Cross in Mildenberg. They belong to the parish Herz Jesu in Templin in the deanery Eberswalde of the Archdiocese of Berlin .

In addition, there is an Evangelical Free Church in Zehdenick .

politics

City Council

The city council of Zehdenick consists of 22 city councilors and the full-time mayor. After the local elections on May 26, 2019, it has the following distribution of seats:

Party / list Share of votes in 2019 Seats 2019 Seats 2014 Seats 2008 Seats 2003
Together for Zehdenick (GfZ) 22.2% 5 - - -
CDU 16.7% 4th 6th 4th 7th
AfD 15.3% 3 - - -
SPD 14.9% 3 6th 7th 10
left 8.8% 2 4th 4th 4th
Schorfheide voter group (WS) 8.6% 2 1 1 1
Citizens for Zehdenick (BFZ) 5.5% 1 2 2 2
Green 3.8% 1 - - -
FDP 3.1% 1 1 2 1
Voting Community Tonstichlandschaft (WTL) - - 2 2 2
Voting Community for Agriculture, Horticulture, Environment (LGU) - - - - 1
All in all 22nd 22nd 22nd 28

mayor

  • 1998–2003: Werner Witte (SPD)
  • 2003-2018: Arno Dahlenburg (SPD)
  • since 2019: Bert Kronenberg (independent)

Dahlenburg was confirmed in the mayoral election on September 11, 2011 with 84.7% of the valid votes for a further term of eight years in his office. He retired on January 1, 2019.

In the mayoral election on June 16, 2019, Bert Kronenberg was elected as his successor for a term of eight years with 77.4% of the valid votes.

coat of arms

The coat of arms was redesigned by the heraldist Frank Diemar and approved on July 16, 1993. Blazon : “Split by silver and red; at the front of the gap half a red eagle with a clover stem and gold reinforcement, at the back of the gap a half silver lily. "

Town twinning

Sights and culture

Buildings

Bismarck tower near Klein-Mutz
North wing of the monastery
Krewelin village church
Bodenstrombrücke
Church in Badingen
  • District court Zehdenick, built in 1911 in neo-baroque style
  • Bismarck Tower (building type "Götterdämmerung"), 14 m high observation tower , built in 1900 on the Hohen Timpberg (95.4 m) near Klein-Mutz, also called "Timpenturm"
  • Krewelin village church, a half-timbered building from 1694 with roof turrets and hood
  • Hastbrücke , a drawbridge in Zehdenick
  • "Camel Bridges" in Zehdenick (Bodenstrombrücke and Klienitzbrücke)
  • Zehdenick monastery ruins
  • Klosterscheune Zehdenick, culture and event center
  • Mud house in Zehdenick, training and communication center, built in 1995 as a low-energy house using natural materials such as wood and clay
  • Zehdenick lock , Havel lock from 1909
  • Badingen Castle , 13th and 16th century, one of the oldest Renaissance castles in Brandenburg
  • Zehdenick Castle, located on a peninsula on the Havel
  • Zehdenick town church
  • Water tower , built around 1900
  • Zehdenick town hall , classicist building, built from 1801 to 1803

Historical monuments

  • Cenotaph for the victims of fascism at the confluence between Castrop-Rauxel-Allee and Parkstrasse, which was dedicated to the KPD chairman Ernst Thälmann in GDR times and since 1992 has had a plaque with the inscription “Never again tyranny, dedicated to the victims”
  • Memorial plaque in the stairwell of the Dammhast School to the teacher Marianne Grunthal , who was murdered in Schwerin in May 1945
  • Memorial from 1945/46 on Friedhof I on Friedhofstrasse for the victims of fascism and the anti-fascist resistance fighters , on which twelve are named, including the local KPD leader Robert Heinrich, whose memory the city erased in several places after 1989
  • see also the list of stumbling blocks in Zehdenick

Museums

nature

Judicial linden tree in January 2008

Zehdenick in literature

Facade painting with "Deutschboden" book cover at the former bookshop on Berliner Strasse in Zehdenick

The author Moritz von Uslar lived in Zehdenick for three months in 2009 and used the experience he gained as the basis for his novel Deutschboden. A Participating Observation (2010). The title of the book refers to the Deutschboden residential area north of the street from Zehdenick to Kurtschlag. In 2014 the documentary film Deutschboden by André Schäfer with Uslar and various protagonists of the book was released. In 2020 Uslar published a second book, Nochmal Deutschboden, about a stay in 2019.

In 2017, Manja Präkels , who was born in Zehdenicke, published the autobiographical novel When I Ate Schnapps Cherries with Hitler . The book describes the last years of the GDR and the social upheavals after the reunification in Zehdenick and the surrounding area. At the center of the plot is the attack by a group of neo-Nazis on a disco in what is now the Zehdenick district of Klein-Mutz, in which one of the young people who went to the disco was violently killed. Manja Präkels' novel was awarded the Anna Seghers Prize 2018, the Kranichsteiner Stipendium and the German Youth Literature Prize. In an article in Der Spiegel, Präkels criticized Uslar for playing down the right-wing radical past of some of the protagonists.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Marina Zehdenick
Street in downtown Zehdenick

Zehdenick lies on the national highway 109 between Loewenberger Land and Templin and to the state roads L 21 according to Liebenwalde and L 22 by Gransee .

The station Zehdenick lies on the railway line Templin-Lowenberg and run by the local train line RB 12 Templin- Berlin Ostkreuz the Niederbarnimer Railway operated. The Vogelsang , Zehdenick-Neuhof , Zehdenick and Bergsdorf stations are located in the urban area of ​​Zehdenick .

The Berlin – Copenhagen cycle route crosses the city on the Zehdenick – Mildenberg (Ziegeleipark) –Marienthal – Zabelsdorf route.

The Havel provides for ships up to Class I as part of the Upper Havel waterway connection to the federal waterway network .

education

The following educational institutions exist in Zehdenick:

  • Havelland elementary school
  • Exin special school with the special educational focus "intellectual development"
  • Exin high school
  • Linden elementary school
  • Georg-Mendheim-Oberstufenzentrum with its three locations in Zehdenick and Oranienburg, consisting of four departments:
    • Upper secondary school
    • economy & Administration and Management
    • Nutrition and housekeeping
    • Food technology and service

The Zehdenicker Jugendwerk e. V. is a recognized provider of free youth welfare and in 1992 opened the “Boomerang” youth leisure center.

Public facilities

The judicial district of the district court of Zehdenick comprises the northern part of the Oberhavel district .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

The city of Zehdenick has so far granted six people honorary citizenship.

  • 1900, April 1: Ludwig von Arnim (1860–1936), district administrator in the Templin district
  • 1900, April 1: Robert Hue de Grais (1835–1922), district president in the Potsdam administrative region
  • 1904, August 26: Carl Siegelkow (1814–1907), master tanner, for his work in community offices and the promotion of charitable institutions
  • 1968, April 7th: Ernst Urbahn (1888–1983), entomologist and teacher in Zehdenick
  • 2016, October 13: Hans-Joachim Bormeister (1927–2013), forester, for his contribution to the development and design of the Zehdenick city forest
  • 2016: October 13th: Heinz Tamm (1922–2017), child welfare worker, played 63 years in Zehdenick soccer teams, documented Zehdenick sport and soccer history

Born in Zehdenick

Personalities associated with Zehdenick

  • Adam von Trott († 1564), Reichsgeneralfeldmarschall and Oberhofmarschall, governor of Zehdenick
  • Wilhelm Kimbel (1868–1965), cabinet maker and interior designer, lived in Zehdenick since 1933
  • Moritz von Uslar (* 1970), author of a key novel about Zehdenick, alienated in the book as "Oberhavel"

literature

alphabetically ascending
  • Christof Baier: Zehdenick around 1800. The "functional reconstruction" of a city . In: Brandenburg cities (= The Mark Brandenburg. Journal for the Mark and the State of Brandenburg . Issue 111). The Mark Brandenburg - Publishing House for Regional and Contemporary History, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-910134-86-7 .
  • Carsten Benke: Zehdenick and the brick industry, industrialization and urban development in a small town in the Brandenburg region . In: Klaus Neitmann (ed.): The Brandenburg urban system in transition to modernity. Urban bourgeoisie, communal self-government and location factors from Prussian absolutism to the Weimar Republic . Berlin Verlag Arno Spitz, Berlin 2002, ISBN 978-3-8305-0164-0 , pp. 213–245.
  • Joachim Berghoff: The field railways of the Zehdenicker brick industry , VBN Verlag Bernd Neddermeyer, Berlin 2005, ISBN 978-3-933254-63-4 .
  • Carsten Dräger: 125 years of the Löwenberg-Zehdenick-Templin railway line (series in 15 parts). In: Gransee-Zeitung 2013/14.
  • Ulrich Drewin: Zehdenick. City of good sound (= the series of archive images ). Sutton Verlag, 2005, ISBN 978-3-89702-867-8 .
  • Ulrich Drewin: Zehdenick (= time leaps ). Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-86680-140-0 .
  • Ulrich Drewin: Zehdenick. City on the Havel (= the series archive images ). Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2013, ISBN 978-3-95400-181-1 .
  • Lieselott Enders (adaptation): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Uckermark. With an overview map in the appendix (= Friedrich Beck [Hrsg.]: Historisches Ortslexikon für Brandenburg . Part VIII; Publications of the Potsdam State Archives . Volume 21). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1986, ISBN 3-7400-0042-2 (gives a reprint from 2012).
  • Margitta Gatzke: Zehdenick , from the series Pictures from the GDR . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2003, ISBN 978-3-89702-567-7 .
  • Jörn Lehmann: From the history of Zehdenick Castle (= Liebenwalder Heimathefte No. 12). ERS-Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 978-3-928577-56-4 .
  • Albert Lucke: History of the city of Zehdenick. Zehdenick then and now , Ed .: Max Karich. Willmann, Magdeburg 1934.
  • Adolf Mann: Zehdenick otherwise and now, in memory of the incorporation in 1900. Print by Max Karich, Zehdenick 1900.
  • Gabriele Mielke: Childhood places. A bricklayer's childhood on the Havel. A biographical search for traces in the traditional brickworks region of Zehdenick . Biography, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-00-030534-4 .
  • Manja Präkels : When I ate schnapps cherries with Hitler . Verbrecher Verlag, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-957-3227-22 .
  • Zehdenick City Council (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the 750th anniversary of the Havel city of Zehdenick . Zehdenick 1967.
  • Zehdenick City Council (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the 775th anniversary of the Havel city of Zehdenick . Berlin 1992.
  • (On behalf of the Havelstadt Zehdenick) Festival book 800 years Zehdenick. A journey through time through the past and present. 1216 to 2016. (Ed. Margitta Gatzke and Rainer Höll) nordlicht-verlag, Karlshagen 2016
  • Ulrich Rhein: Melusine in the Mark. In: DAS Magazin, Berlin, No. 9/1986 (33rd year), pp. 46–48
  • City administration Zehdenick (ed.): Havelstadt Zehdenick. Stadt-Bild-Verlag, Leipzig 2013, ISBN 978-3-942146-45-6 .
  • Moritz von Uslar : Deutschboden. A participant observation . 5th edition, Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2010, ISBN 978-3-462-04256-6 .

Movies

  • Die Brücke , DEFA film from 1948, directed by Arthur Pohl, camera by Fritz Arno Wagner. For this resettler drama, scenes were also shot in Zehdenick (Havel and Wolfskrug).
  • Märkische Ziegel , DEFA documentary film from 1989, directed by Volker Koepp, camera Thomas Plenert. It documents the status of the Zehdenick brick industry and the situation of those working there shortly before the "turning point" in 1988.
  • Lenin in Vogelsang , documentary film from 2013. Directed by Stefanie Trambow, camera by Maxim Stepanow and Ilya Visokosov. 20 years after the Soviet garrison left the Vogelsang region, this film aims to establish a dialogue with Soviet and German contemporary witnesses in front of the decaying military city.

Web links

Commons : Zehdenick  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
  2. ^ Message from the Brandenburg Ministry of the Interior
  3. Main statute of the city of Zehdenick from November 20, 2003
  4. ^ Website of the city of Zehdenick
  5. ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg - City of Zehdenick
  6. Friedrich Lenz, Otto Unholtz: History of the bank Schickler. G. Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1912, pp. 26, 27, 30
  7. [1] Details on the electrically powered ships for transporting bricks
  8. ^ Incorporation of the communities Bergsdorf, Ribbeck and Vogelsang into the city of Zehdenick. Communication from the Ministry of the Interior dated December 11, 2001. Official Gazette for Brandenburg Common Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 12, 2001, Number 52, Potsdam, December 27, 2001 , P. 900 PDF
  9. Fifth law on state-wide municipal area reform concerning the districts of Barnim, Märkisch-Oderland, Oberhavel, Ostprignitz-Ruppin, Prignitz, Uckermark (5th GemGebRefGBbg) of March 24, 2003 Gazette of Laws and Regulations for the State of Brandenburg, I (Laws), 2003, No. 05, p. 82, amended by the law of July 1, 2003 (Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, I (Laws), 2003, No. 10, p. 187)
  10. ^ Constitutional Court of the State of Brandenburg, decision of April 21, 2005, VfGBbg 177/03
  11. ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Oberhavel district . Pp. 22-25
  12. Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
  13. ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
  14. 2011 census database
  15. ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
  16. Local elections October 26, 2003. Mayoral elections , p. 27
  17. ^ Result of the mayoral election on September 11, 2011
  18. Dahlenburg is officially allowed to retire. In: Märkische Oderzeitung , November 10, 2018
  19. Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 74
  20. ^ Result of the mayoral election on June 16, 2019
  21. Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
  22. Bismarck Tower Zehdenick on bismarcktuerme.de
  23. Stitch by stitch tone set the tone at Rohr im Wind. State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection Brandenburg, accessed on July 7, 2019 .
  24. Klienitz nature reserve
  25. Moritz von Uslar about his book: "I just stand up and drink." In: taz , November 9, 2010
  26. Interview with Manja Präkels in the Frankfurter Rundschau ( Memento from October 23, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
  27. Manja Präkels, DER SPIEGEL: Moritz von Uslar's novel "Deutschboden" and reality - DER SPIEGEL - Panorama. Retrieved March 15, 2020 .
  28. Zehdenick – Fürstenberg | Berlin – Copenhagen. Retrieved May 14, 2017 .
  29. ^ Zehdenick.de: honorary citizen. Zehdenick.de, accessed on June 22, 2019 .